ABSTRACT
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the total weekly exposure to leisure noise among university students and to assess its association with self-reported symptoms of hypoacusis.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional survey. An online questionnaire based on the “Noise Exposure Questionnaire”, plus 11 questions regarding hearing loss were sent to 730 randomly selected students. Participants self-reported time spent on different leisure noise activities and their subjective evaluation of the loudness of these activities, converted into equivalent noise levels, were used to estimate weekly noise exposure levels that were compared to occupational noise limits (> 85 dBA = hazardous). Inference statistics was applied to relate hearing symptoms and “likely or having some degree of hearing loss” with hazardous weekly leisure noise exposure levels.
Results
Ninety-three percent of the participants reported at least one hypoacusis symptom. The most frequent sound-related ear symptom was tinnitus (72%). Fifty-five percent of the individuals presented weekly exposure to noise >85 dBA. Symptoms of hearing loss were more prevalent in those exposed to weekly noise levels >85 dBA.
Conclusion
This study suggests that there may be hearing loss caused by exposure to high levels of leisure noise in a large part of the study population. Health promotion of hearing conservation should be emphasized at university level. Objective repeated measurement of hearing acuity should be part of integral health services for the youth population.
Keywords
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss; Exposure to Noise Pollution; Noise Measurement; Threshold Limit Values; Hypoacusis; Recreational Personal Listening Devices; Ringing-Buzzing-Tinnitus; Tinnitus; Young Adults
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