Analysis of shyness on vocal handicap perceived in school teachers

Gimenez, Sandra Rosa Machado Luz; Madazio, Glaucya; Zambon, Fabiana; Behlau, Mara

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Sumário

Original Article • CoDAS 31 (3) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018149 copy

Analysis of shyness on vocal handicap perceived in school teachers

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To verify the relation between the self-reported shyness and perceived vocal handicap in teachers from Early childhood and Primary education (elementary and middle school).

Methods

200 teachers (mean age 41.8 years old) without vocal complaint answered to personal identification protocol, work characterization information, the Vocal Handcap Index and the Shyness Scale.

Results

From the total sample, 142 (71%) teachers had no vocal disadvantage, 42% (n = 59) were shy and 58% (n = 83) were non-shy. Among the 58 (29%) teachers with vocal disadvantage, most of them were shy (64%) instead of non-shy (26%). Considering the shy teachers, most of them worked in Early Childhood Education, were aged between 20-30 years old, had from 1 to 10 years of teaching experience and were working in a noisy classroom. The presence of upper airway affections was more frequent in shy teachers without vocal disadvantage and this was the only aspect that differentiated shy and non-shy teachers.

Conclusion

Shy teachers showed higher frequency of vocal disadvantage when compared to non-shy teachers. Teachers between 20 and 30 years old, with up to 10 years of teaching experience and who teach in Early Childhood Education reported shyness, but there was no relation with vocal disadvantage.

Keywords
Self-assessment; Faculty; Occupational Health; Shyness; Voice

Variables and categories	n	%	p-value
Gender
Female	194	97.00	<0.001^* * p<0.05 – Two-Proportions Test
Male	6	3.00	<0.001^* * p<0.05 – Two-Proportions Test
Age range
20-30	23	11.50	0.031*
30-40	60	30.00	0.527
40-50	71	35.50	Ref.
50-60	46	23.00	0.170
Level of education
Early childhood	63	31.50	0.001*
Primary education	115	57.50	Ref.
Early childhood and primary education	22	11.00	<0.001*
Years of teaching experience
01-10	54	27.00	0.479
10-20	58	29.00	0.675
20-30	65	32.50	Ref.
30-40	23	11.50	0.051
Work load
01 period	114	57.00	Ref.
02 periods	84	42.00	0.485
03 periods	2	1.00	0.116
Students per classroom
01-10	9	4.50	0.018*
10-20	56	29.50	0.055
20-30	91	45.50	Ref.
30-40	39	19.50	0.005*
40-50	2	1.00	0.209
Presence of noise in the classroom
Yes	85	42.50	0.037*
No	115	57.50	0.037*
Voice care
Yes	78	39.00	0.002*
No	122	61.00	0.002*
Vocal use in activities not related to work
Yes	109	54.00	0.259
No	92	46.00	0.259
Presence of upper airway infection
Yes	124	62.00	0.001*
No	76	38.00	0.001*
Previous speech language pathology therapy
Yes	43	21.50	<0.001*
No	157	78.50	<0.001*

Variables and categories	Non-shy		Shy		p-value
Variables and categories	n	%	n	%	p-value
Gender
Male	4	66.67	2	33.33	0.465
Female	100	51.55	94	48.45	0.465
Age range
20-30	4	17.39	19	82.61	0.003*
30-40	31	51.67	29	48.33
40-50	41	57.75	30	42.25
50-60	28	60.87	18	39.13
Level of education
Early childhood	23	36.51	40	63.49	0.002*
Primary education	68	59.13	47	40.87
Early childhood and primary education	13	59.09	9	40.91
Students per classroom
01-10	4	44.44	5	55.56	0.177
10-20	20	33.90	39	66.10
20-30	56	61.54	35	38.46
30-40	23	58.97	16	41.03
40-50	1	50.00	1	50.00
Years of teaching experience
01-10	18	33.33	36	66.67	0.001*
10-20	31	53.45	27	46.55
20-30	42	64.62	23	35.38
30-40	13	56.52	10	43.48
Presence of noise in the classroom
Yes	25	29.41	60	70.59	<0.001*
No	79	68.70	36	31.30	<0.001*
Previous speech language pathology therapy
Yes	20	46.51	23	53.49	0.416
No	84	53.50	73	46.50	0.416
Voice care
Yes	44	56.41	34	43.59	0.318
No	60	49.18	62	50.82	0.318
Vocal use in activities not related to work
Yes	59	54.63	49	45.37	0.419
No	45	48.91	47	51.09	0.419
Presence of upper airway infection
Yes	65	52.42	59	47.58	0.879
No	39	51.32	37	48.68	0.879
Work load
01 period	55	48.25	59	51.75	0.221
02 periods	47	55.95	37	44.05
03 periods	2	100.00	0	0.00

Variables and categories	With Disadvantage		Without Disadvantage		p-value
Variables and categories	n	%	n	%	p-value
Gender
Male	0	0.00%	2	5.41%	0.071
Female	59	100.00%	35	94.59%	0.071
Age range
20-30	11	18.64%	8	21.62%	0.768
30-40	16	27.12%	13	35.14%
40-50	20	33.90%	10	27.03%
50-60	12	20.34%	6	16.22%
Level of education
Early childhood	20	33.90%	20	54.05%	0.146
Primary education	33	55.93%	14	37.84%
Early childhood and primary education	6	10.17%	3	8.11%
Students per classroom
1-10	4	6.78%	1	2.70%	0.242
10-20	27	45.76%	12	32.43%
20-30	21	35.59%	14	37.84%
30-40	7	11.86%	9	24.32%
40-50	0	0.00%	1	2.70%
Years of teaching experience
1-10	19	32.20%	17	45.95%	0.266
10-20	16	27.12%	11	29.73%
20-30	18	30.51%	5	13.51%
30-40	6	10.17%	4	10.81%
Presence of noise in the classroom
Yes	38	64.41%	22	59.46%	0.626
No	21	35.59%	15	40.54%	0.626
Previous speech language pathology therapy
Yes	13	22.03%	10	27.03%	0.576
No	46	77.97%	27	72.97%	0.576
Voice care
Yes	23	38.98%	11	29.73%	0.356
No	36	61.02%	26	70.27%	0.356
Vocal use in activities not related to work
Yes	31	52.54%	18	48.65%	0.710
No	28	47.46%	19	51.35%	0.710
Presence of upper airway infection
Yes	30	50.85%	29	78.38%	0.006^* * p<0.05 – Chi-square Test
No	29	49.15%	8	21.62%	0.006^* * p<0.05 – Chi-square Test
Work load
01 period	39	66.10%	20	54.05%	0.237
02 periods	20	33.90%	17	45.95%
03 periods	0	0.00%	0	0.00%

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[1] Conflict of interest: nothing to declare.