OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the severity of stable thoraco-lumbo-sacral trauma is useful for deciding the selection of brace type in orthopedic treatment. METHODS: Retrospective study (16 years length). Inclusion criteria: 1) Minimum follow-up: 2 years. 2) Complete conventional radiologic studies. 3) no litigation. 4) TLSO custom-made treatment for high kinetic energy trauma and pre-fabricated orthoses for low energy one. 5) Treatment performed or supervised by the senior author. Evaluation by independent observers of geometric Parameters (sagittal Cobb, vertebral kyphosis, anterior vertebral collapse) initially and at follow-up, and Functional Parameters (SRS pain scale, Oswestry Index, Return to Previous Activity). Subdivision of different fractures types (of AO and Denis classifications) in High (group A) and Low Energy (group b) according to the amount of kinetic energy of trauma. Comparison with a control group. Statistical analysis: chi square and Student t-test. RESULTS: Forty-one patients were studied (44 fractures, 23 females/18 males), 25 fractures group A and 19 group b. Average age: 46 years (12 - 83). Average follow-up: 4.5 years (2.2 - 15.5). Predominant location: T11 - L2. Predominant types: Type A (AO) or compression and burst. There were no significant differences between initial and follow-up measurements. The only significant difference between groups was in the initial vertebral kyphosis. However, there were always differences when comparing the geometric Parameters between control group and groups A and b, and between control group and each type (AO/Denis) subdivided into high or low energy. The final functional parameters scores were always good, with significant variations between groups A and b. CONCLUSIONS: A satisfactory functional result in stable thoraco-lumbo-sacral injuries is possible by selecting the type of brace according to the kinetic energy involved. Results appear to be better in High Energy Trauma treated with custom-made orthosis. However, the orthotic treatment according to trauma energy does not change the sagittal radiographic parameters.
Spinal fractures; Thoracic vertebrae; Orthotic devices; Retrospective studies
