1 |
Yoshioka et al10
|
Comparativeprospective |
Lumbar or lower thoracic decompression with or without instrumentation
Cervical decompression with or without instrumentation Spinal tumors |
340 |
Mechanical (compression stockings and intermittent pneumatic
compression devices) |
13.5% |
2.9% |
Duplex US |
2 |
Oglesby et al11
|
Retrospectivedatabase analysis |
Posterior and anterior cervical fusion Posterior
cervicaldecompression |
273,396 |
Not available |
0.38% |
0.15% |
Not available |
3 |
Fineberg et al12
|
Retrospectivedatabase analysis |
Lumbar fusion or decompression |
578,457 |
Not available |
0.34% |
0.18% |
Not available |
4 |
Al-Dujaili et al13
|
Single centerprospective |
Spinal sugery (excluding facetary inflitration, vertebroplasty,
epidural injection, and thermocoagulation of the medial branch) |
158 |
Mechanical(compression stockings) Chemical (low molecular weight
heparin) |
0.63% |
Zero |
Clinical and Doppler US |
5 |
Gephart et al14
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Spinal fusion |
430,081 |
Not available |
0.4% |
not available |
Not available |
6 |
Kim et al15
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Spinal fusion |
3331 |
Not available |
0.24% |
1% |
Spiral CT |
7 |
Takahashi et al16
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Lumbar fusion ordecompression |
1975 |
Without prophylaxis Intermittent pneumatic compression devices and
compression stockings |
19% |
0.56% |
D-Dimer |
8 |
Cunninghamet al17
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Spinal surgery |
3870 |
Without prophylaxisChemoprophylaxis |
0.28% |
0.31% |
Not available |
9 |
Yoshiiwa et al18
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Spinal surgery |
88 |
Mechanical (compression stockings and intermittent pneumatic
compression devices) |
5.68% |
2.27% |
D-DImer |
10 |
Smith et al19
|
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data |
Lumbar microdiscectomy Anterior cervical fusion Lumbar
decompression |
108,419 |
Not available |
0.12% |
0.14% |
Not available |
11 |
Schizas et al20
|
Single centerprospective |
Lumbar fusion ordecompression |
270 |
Compression stockings and low molecular weight heparin |
not available |
2.22% |
Spiral CT |
12 |
Piasecki et al21
|
Single center prospective |
Anterior posterior reconstruction of spinal deformity |
66 |
Mechanical (compression stockings and intermittent pneumatic
compression devices) |
9.1% |
7.6% |
Magnetic resonance venography, Doppler US, and Spiral CT |
13 |
Epstein22
|
Single center prospective |
Posterior fusion with instrumentation and laminectomy |
139 |
Compression stockings |
2.8% |
0.7% |
Doppler US |
14 |
Oskouian and Johnson23
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Anterior thoracic and lumbar spinal reconstruction |
207 |
Not available |
2.42% |
0.48% |
Not available |
15 |
Oda et al24
|
Single center prospective |
Posterior spinal surgery |
110 |
Without prophylaxis |
15.5% |
0% |
Bilateral ascending venography |
16 |
Lee et al25
|
Single center prospective |
Major spinal surgery |
313 |
Without prophylaxis |
1.3% |
0% |
Duplex US |
17 |
Dearborn et al26
|
Retrospective database analysis |
Major spinal surgery |
116 |
Mechanical (compression stockings and intermittent pneumatic
compression devices) |
0.86% |
2.2% |
Duplex US |
18 |
Rajaramanet al27
|
Single center prospective |
Anterior spinal surgery |
50 |
Not available |
1.67% |
0% |
Doppler US |
19 |
Wood et al28
|
Prospective, comparative, and randomized |
Major spinal surgery |
136 |
Pneumatic compression stockings or pneumatic thigh compression
bandages |
1.47% |
0.74% |
Duplex US |
20 |
Rokito et al29
|
Single center prospective |
Major spinal surgery |
329 |
Compression stockings of the thigh, calf, or a low dose of
coumadin |
0.3% |
0% |
Doppler US |
21 |
Nelson et al30
|
Single center prospective |
Posterior spinal fusion |
117 |
Compression stockings and intermittent pneumatic compression pumps |
0% |
0% |
Duplex US |
22 |
Smith et al31
|
Single center prospective |
Spinal reconstruction |
317 |
Compression stockings and intermittent pneumatic compression
devices |
0.95% |
0.32% |
Duplex US |
23 |
Ferree32
|
Single center prospective |
Lumbar laminectomy |
60 |
Compression stockings |
5% |
0% |
Not available |
24 |
Ferree andWright33
|
Single center prospective |
Posterior spinal surgery |
185 |
Elastic compression stockings or intermittent pneumatic compression
devices |
2.16% |
not available |
Duplex US |
25 |
Ferree et al34
|
Single center prospective |
Spinal surgery |
86 |
Not available |
6% |
not available |
Not available |
26 |
West andAnderson35
|
Single center prospective |
Posterior spinal surgery |
41 |
Not available |
14% |
not available |
Duplex Doppler US |