Osteophytes, disc height, and sclerosis of the vertebral plateau |
Kelgren 196331
|
X-RAY Profile |
Osteophytes and changes in the articular apophyses |
Kelgren 196331
|
X-RAY Profile |
Loss of height, osteophytic formation, and diffuse sclerosis |
Wilke 200621. Wilke HJ, Rohlmann F, Neidlinger-Wilke C, Werner K, Claes L, Kettler A. Validity and interobserver agreement of a new radiographic grading system for intervertebral disc degeneration: Part I. Lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 2006;15(6):720-30.
21
|
X-RAY Profile |
Intervertebral disc degeneration |
Miyazaki 200841. Miyazaki M, Hong SW, Yoon SH, Morishita Y, Wang JC. Reliability of a magnetic resonance imaging-based grading system for cervical intervertebral disc degeneration. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2008;21(4):288-92.
41
|
MRI |
Kyphosis and segmental instability associated with myelopathy |
Uchida 200924. Uchida K, Nakajima H, Sato R, Yayama T, Mwaka ES, Kobayashi S, Baba H. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy associated with kyphosis or sagittal sigmoid alignment: outcome after anterior or posterior decompression. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009;11(5):521-8.
24
|
X-RAY Profile |
Lumbar |
Lumbar disc degeneration |
Adams 198619. Adams MA, Dolan P, Hutton WC. The stages of disc degeneration as revealed by discograms. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1986;68(1):36-41.
19
|
Discography |
Facet degeneration |
Pathria 198736. Pathria M, Sartoris DJ, Resnick D. Osteoarthritis of the facet joints: accuracy of oblique radiographic assessment. Radiology. 1987;164(1):227-30.
36
|
X-RAY Oblique |
Bone marrow changes located in the vertebral body |
Modic 198839. Modic MT, Steinberg PM, Ross JS, Masaryk TJ, Carter JR. Degenerative disk disease: assessment of changes in vertebral body marrow with MR imaging. Radiology. 1988;166(1 Pt 1):193-9.
42
|
MRI |
Articular narrowing, osteophytes and subchondral sclerosis |
Lane 199334. Lane NE, Nevitt MC, Genant HK, Hochberg MC. Reliability of new indices of radiographic osteoarthritis of the hand and hip and lumbar disc degeneration. J Rheumatol. 1993;20(11):1911-8.
34
|
X-RAY Profile |
Disc height, osteophytes, and subchondral sclerosis |
Mimura 199433. Mimura M, Panjabi MM, Oxland TR, Crisco JJ, Yamamoto I, Vasavada A. Disc degeneration affects the multidirectional flexibility of the lumbar spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994;19(12):1371-80.
33
|
X-RAY (AP and Profile) |
Facet degeneration |
Weishaupt 199937. Weishaupt D, Zanetti M, Boos N, Hodler J. MR imaging and CT in osteoarthritis of the lumbar facet joints. Skeletal Radiol. 1999;28(4):215-9.
37
|
CT + MRI |
Disc degeneration |
Pfirrmann 200149. Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, Hodler J, Boos N. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(17):1873-8.
49
|
MRI |
Loss of height, osteophytic formation, and diffuse sclerosis |
Wilke 200621. Wilke HJ, Rohlmann F, Neidlinger-Wilke C, Werner K, Claes L, Kettler A. Validity and interobserver agreement of a new radiographic grading system for intervertebral disc degeneration: Part I. Lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 2006;15(6):720-30.
21
|
X-RAY (AP and Profile) |