RACIAL RELATIONS TEACHING IN THE POST-GRADUATION STRICTO SENSU OF THE PUBLIC AREA IN BRAZIL

Costa, João Pedro Moreira; Ribeiro, Ana Cláudia; Araújo, Klaique Andreia; Miranda, Adílio Renê Almeida

João Pedro Moreira Costa

Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal), Alfenas (MG), Brasil; joaopedromoreiracosta@yahoo.com.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4260-2424

Ana Cláudia Ribeiro

Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal), Alfenas (MG), Brasil; ribeirosanaclaudia@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-1526

Klaique Andreia Araújo

Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal), Alfenas (MG), Brasil; klaique@hotmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9573-7253

Adílio Renê Almeida Miranda

Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal), Alfenas (MG), Brasil; adilioadm@yahoo.com.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4229-3337

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contato@smartraducoes.com.br

Note on authorship

João Pedro Moreira Costa: data collection, methodological conception, elaboration of results, and discussions; Ana Cláudia Ribeiro and Klaique Andreia Araújo: literature review; and Adílio Renê Almeida Miranda: paper conception, writing, and corrections.

Results/main conclusions	Context	Authors
Knowledge of managers and teachers about the Law n. 10.639/2003 and racial issues is non-existent, superficial, confused or full of stereotypes.	Public Elementary Education	Gomes and Jesus (2013Gomes, N. L., & Jesus, R. E. (2013). As práticas pedagógicas de trabalho com relações étnico--raciais na escola na perspectiva de Lei 10.639/2003: desafios para a política educacional e indagações para a pesquisa. Educação em Revista, (47), 19-33. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40602013000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-40602013000100003 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... ); Souza and Pereira (2013)
The lack of interest in racial issues in some schools is also related to authoritarian forms of management, discouragement of the teacher’s career and condition.	Public Elementary Education	Gomes and Jesus (2013Gomes, N. L., & Jesus, R. E. (2013). As práticas pedagógicas de trabalho com relações étnico--raciais na escola na perspectiva de Lei 10.639/2003: desafios para a política educacional e indagações para a pesquisa. Educação em Revista, (47), 19-33. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40602013000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-40602013000100003 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... )
Schools inserted in a more affirmative and democratic management environment are more open to deeper actions.	Public Elementary Education	Gomes and Jesus (2013Gomes, N. L., & Jesus, R. E. (2013). As práticas pedagógicas de trabalho com relações étnico--raciais na escola na perspectiva de Lei 10.639/2003: desafios para a política educacional e indagações para a pesquisa. Educação em Revista, (47), 19-33. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40602013000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-40602013000100003 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... )
Implementation of the law more related to individual initiatives by some faculty members and less institutional or collective.	History Teaching	Meinerz (2017Meinerz, C. B. (2017). Ensino de história, diálogo intercultural e relações étnico-raciais. Educação e Realidade, 42(1), 59-77. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2175-62362017000100059&lng=en&nrm=iso>. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-623661184 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... )
The need for university courses to include the theme “race relations” in their compulsory course syllabuses.	Higher Education	Camargo and Benite (2019Camargo, M. J. R., & Benite, A. M. C. (2019). Educação para as relações étnico-raciais na formação de professores de química: Sobre a Lei n. 10.639/2003 no ensino superior. Química Nova, 42(6),691-701. https://www.scielo.br/j/qn/a/nxp6kmy7nHDPYcMffThdScH/?lang=pt https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170375 https://www.scielo.br/j/qn/a/nxp6kmy7nHD... ); Muller (2018Muller, T. M. P. (2018). Livro didático, educação e relações étnico-raciais: O estado da arte. Educação em Revista, 34(69), 77-95. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40602018000300077&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-4060.57232 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... ); Santana et al. (2019Santana, R. A. R., Akerman, M., Faustino, D. M., Spiassi, A. L., & Guerriero, I. C. Z. (2019). A equidade racial e a educação das relações étnico-raciais nos cursos de Saúde. Interface, (23). https://www.scielo.br/j/icse/a/fcFjjTxbDtytgD9dXxdVcJK/?lang=pt https://www.scielo.br/j/icse/a/fcFjjTxbD... ); Silva (2018Silva, P. B. G. (2018). Educação das relações étnico-raciais nas instituições escolares. Educação em Revista, 34(69), 123-150. https://www.scielo.br/j/er/a/xggQmhckhC9mPwSYPJWFbND/?lang=pt https://www.scielo.br/j/er/a/xggQmhckhC9... )
Difficulties in implementing Law 10.639 in Brazilian school curricula for basic education and actions on African and Afro-Brazilian history and culture in higher education.	Analysis of scientific production	Carvalho (2018Carvalho, M. P. (2018). História da educação da população negra: O estado da arte sobre educação e relações étnico-raciais (2003-2014). Educar em Revista, 34(69), 211-230. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40602018000300211&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-4060.57236 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... )
In didactic materials, most of the time, blacks are represented as enslaved people, through stereotypical visions that place them in subordinate places and in misery, so that the processes of struggle, resistance, knowledge, and technologies are left out.	Scientific production in the field of education	Muller (2018Muller, T. M. P. (2018). Livro didático, educação e relações étnico-raciais: O estado da arte. Educação em Revista, 34(69), 77-95. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40602018000300077&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-4060.57232 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... )
Progress in the recognition of manifestations and consequences of racism, ethnocentrism and other discriminations. Common measure taken by institutions: pretend non-perception of aggression, so as to strengthen the culture of silencing, naturalizing racism.	Scientific production on ethnic-racial relations education	Silva (2018Silva, P. B. G. (2018). Educação das relações étnico-raciais nas instituições escolares. Educação em Revista, 34(69), 123-150. https://www.scielo.br/j/er/a/xggQmhckhC9mPwSYPJWFbND/?lang=pt https://www.scielo.br/j/er/a/xggQmhckhC9... )
Difficulty of recognition by professionals about racism as a social determinant of health and the literature production on the relations of racial equity/inequity in health.	Higher education in healthcare	Santana et al. (2019Santana, R. A. R., Akerman, M., Faustino, D. M., Spiassi, A. L., & Guerriero, I. C. Z. (2019). A equidade racial e a educação das relações étnico-raciais nos cursos de Saúde. Interface, (23). https://www.scielo.br/j/icse/a/fcFjjTxbDtytgD9dXxdVcJK/?lang=pt https://www.scielo.br/j/icse/a/fcFjjTxbD... )
Little space in the curricular dynamics to discuss race relations, especially Africa and the Afro-Brazilian culture, having the Eurocentric perspective oriented, preponderantly, the teachers’ training.	Higher education in history and basic education	Araújo (2018Araújo, D. C. (2018). Em busca de uma iniciativa histórica africana: Possibilidades e limites das práticas pedagógicas na educação básica. Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos, 99(252), 429-448. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-66812018000200429&lng=en&nrm=iso. https://doi.org/10.24109/2176-6681.rbep.99i252.3577 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... ), Chagas (2017Chagas, W. F. (2017). História e cultura afro-brasileira e africana na educação básica da Paraíba. Educação e Realidade, 42(1), 79-98. https://www.scielo.br/j/edreal/a/KFVY38qTQ55qnVLx55sj7kh/?lang=pt. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-623661125 https://www.scielo.br/j/edreal/a/KFVY38q... ), Coelho and Coelho (2018Coelho, M. C., & Coelho, W. N. B. (2018). As licenciaturas em história e a Lei 10.639/03 - percursos de formação para o trato com a diferença? Educação em Revista, (34). https://www.scielo.br/j/edur/a/hvnLnRX7NpxPqJ9YqrBBQHG/?lang=pt. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-4698192224 https://www.scielo.br/j/edur/a/hvnLnRX7N... )
Low level of institutionalization of ethnic-racial relations education in the institutions of the federal network of professional, scientific and technological education.	Federal network of professional, scientific and technological education	Fonseca and Rocha (2019Fonseca, M. V., & Rocha, L. F. R. (2019). O processo de institucionalização da Lei n. 10.639/2003 na rede federal de educação profissional, científica e tecnológica. Educação em Revista, 35, e187074. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-46982019000100428&lng=en&nrm=iso. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-4698187074 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=s... )

Capes Area	Frequency	Percentage
Public and Business Administration, Accounting and Tourism	21	38.18%
Interdisciplinary	12	21.81%
Political Science and International Relations	9	16.36%
Urban and Regional Planning/Demography	4	7.27%
Law	2	3.63%
Education	2	3.63%
Social Services	2	3.63%
Economy	1	1.81%
Psychology	1	1.81%
Collective Health	1	1.81%
TOTAL	55	100%

Capes Area	Frequency	Percentage
Public and Business Administration, Accounting and Tourism • PPG in Public Administration - FJP • PPG in Public Management - UFES • PPG in Public Management and International Cooperation - UFPB • PPG in Public Policies - Insper	4	14.28%
Interdisciplinary • PPG in Public Management - UFPI • PPG in Public Management and Society - Unifal • PPG in Development and Public Policies - UFFS • PPG in Human Rights, Citizenship and Public Policies - UFPB • PPG in Human Rights and Public Policies - PUC-PR • PPG in Public Policies - UFPR • PPG in Public Policies and Human Formation - UERJ • PPG in Society, Technology and Public Policy - Unital • PPG in Social Development and Management - UFBA	9	32.14%
Political Science and International Relations • PPG in Public Policy Management and Social Security - UFRB • PPG in Planning and Public Policies - UECE • PPG in Public Policies - UMC • PPG in Public Policies - UECE • PPG in Public Policies - UFRGS • PPG in Public Policies - UEM • PPG in Public Policies - UFABC • PPG in Public Policies in Human Rights - UFRJ	8	28.57%
Urban and Regional Planning/Demography • PPG in Regional Development, Environment and Public Policies - UFF • PPG in Public Policies and Development - Unila	2	7.14%
Education • PPG in Public Policies, Management and Evaluation of Higher Education - UFPB	1	3.57%
Social Services • PPG in Public Policies - UFPI • PPG in Public Policies - UFMA	2	7.14%
Economy • PPG in Public Policies and Development - Ipea	1	3.57%
Psychology • PPG in Psychology and Public Policies - UFC	1	3.57%
TOTAL	28	100.00%

Term present in the G nomenclature	Gs analyzed	Frequency	ercentage
ublic Administration	14	1	7.14%
ublic Management	6	4	66.66
Social Management	1	1	100.00%
ublic olicies	34	22	64.70
TOTAL	55	28	50.90%

PPGs	Frequency	Percentage
PPGs with disciplines that do not make reference to the racial issue	27	49.09%
PPGs with discipline(s) that make only indirect reference to the racial issue	11	20.00%
PPGs with discipline(s) that make only direct reference to the racial issue	6	10.91%
PPGs with disciplines that make direct and indirect reference to the racial issue	11	20.00%
TOTAL	55	100.00%

Region	Number of PPGs analyzed	PPGs that make direct and/or indirect reference to the racial issue	Percentage in relation to those analyzed
Midwest	7 PPGs	1 PPG	14.28%
Southeast	17 PPGs	9 PPGs	52.94%
South	8 PPGs	6 PPGs	75.00%
North	3 PPGs	No	0.00%
Northeast	20 PPGs	12 PPGs	60.00%
TOTAL	55 PPGs	28 PPGs

Type of discipline	Frequency	Percentage
Mandatory • PPG in Public Management and Society - Unifal • PPG in Regional Development, Environment and Public Policies - UFF* • PPG in Human Rights, Citizenship and Public Policies - UFPB • PPG in Planning and Public Policies - UECE • PPG in Public Policies in Human Rights - UFRJ • PPG in Public Policies, Management and Evaluation of Higher Education - UFPB • PPG in Psychology and Public Policies - UFC • PPG in Society, Technology and Public Policy - Unit • PPG in Social Development and Management - UFBA	11	19.64%
Elective/Optative • PPG in Public Administration - FJP • PPG in Public Management - UFES • PPG in Public Management and International Cooperation - UFPB • PPG in Development and Public Policies - UFFS • PPG in Public Policy Management and Social Security - UFRB • PPG in Public Policies - UMC • PPG in Public Policies - UECE • PPG in Public Policies - UFRGS • PPG in Public Policies - UFMA • PPG in Public Policies - UEM • PPG in Public Policies - UFABC • PPG in Public Policies - UFPR • PPG in Public Policies and Development - Unila • PPG in Public Policies and Development - Ipea • PPG in Public Policies and Human Formation - UERJ	37	66.07%
Not informed • PPG in Public Management - UFPI • PPG in Human Rights and Public Policies - PUC-PR • PPG in Public Policies - Insper • PPG in Public Policies - UFPI	8	14.29%
TOTAL	56	100.00%

Indirect Terms	No. of menus	Direct Terms	No. of menus	Presence of direct terms
Inequality/social inequality	23	Related to “race” (8)	12	16
Colonial period/origin	2	Related to “slavery” (5)	4	5
Minority/minority groups	6	Related to “racism” (6)	4	8
Affirmative policies/actions	3	Related to “ethnicity” (6)	11	12
Social Exclusion	2	Related to “indigenous” (3)	5	5
Brazilian culture	1	Related to “blacks” (7)	5	7
		Related to “migrants” (2)	1	2
FREQUENCY	37 times			55 times

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Brasil

Brasil

RACIAL RELATIONS TEACHING IN THE POST-GRADUATION STRICTO SENSU OF THE PUBLIC AREA IN BRAZIL

Abstract