Type III <i>atresia coli</i> with underdeveloped colon and hydroperitoneum in a newborn foal

Rocha, Izabela de Assis; Oliveira, Jéssica Guerra de; Castro, Tatiana de Carvalho; Bispo, Tâmiles Naiara dos Santos; Marcelino, Sóstenes Apolo Correia; Campos, Marco Túlio Gomes; Pierezan, Felipe; Paes, Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira; Teixeira, Raffaella Bertoni Cavalcanti; Palhares, Maristela Silveira; Maranhão, Renata de Pino Albuquerque

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190494

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CLINIC AND SURGERY • Cienc. Rural 50 (10) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190494 linkcopy

Type III atresia coli with underdeveloped colon and hydroperitoneum in a newborn foal

Atresia coli tipo III com subdesenvolvimento de cólon e hidroperitôneo em neonato equino

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

A 48-hour-old mixed breed pony colt was referred to the hospital because of abdominal discomfort, weak suckling reflex and prostration. During clinical investigation, supportive and symptomatic treatments were necessary, and an abdominal radiography was performed revealing a large intestine filled with feces and large amounts of gas, in addition to free fluid in the cavity. After 3 days of treatment, the foal had not yet defecated, thus exploratory abdominal surgery was indicated, but the owners declined. Therefore, the foal was humanly euthanized. Post-mortem examination revealed complete absence of the pelvic flexure. Subsequent portions of the dorsal, transverse and small colons were intensely reduced. In addition, at the abdominal cavity there was 850 ml of yellowish translucent liquid. These findings are compatible with hydroperitoneum and type III atresia coli at the pelvic flexure, associated with underdevelopment of the dorsal, transverse and small colons.

Key words: colic; neonatology; congenital malformation.

Authorship

Izabela de Assis Rocha ^*E-mail: izabela.idar@uky.edu. *Corresponding author

Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky (UK), 40546-0099, Lexington, Kentucky (KY) , United States of America (USA)..University of KentuckyUSALexington, Kentucky (KY), USADepartment of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky (UK), 40546-0099, Lexington, Kentucky (KY) , United States of America (USA)..

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9765-813X

Jéssica Guerra de Oliveira

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Área de Concentração em Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)BrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Área de Concentração em Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-7631

Tatiana de Carvalho Castro

Regimento de Polícia Montada 9 de Julho, Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo (PMESP), SP, São Paulo, Brasil.Regimento de Polícia Montada 9 de Julho, Polícia Militar do Estado de São PauloBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilRegimento de Polícia Montada 9 de Julho, Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo (PMESP), SP, São Paulo, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8021-1868

Tâmiles Naiara dos Santos Bispo

Médica Veterinária Autônoma, CRMV-BA no 4701, Simões Filho, BA, Brasil. Médica Veterinária Autônoma, CRMV-BA no 4701, Simões Filho, BA, Brasil. BrasilSimões Filho, BA, BrasilMédica Veterinária Autônoma, CRMV-BA no 4701, Simões Filho, BA, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-291X

Sóstenes Apolo Correia Marcelino

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Área de Concentração em Patologia Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Área de Concentração em Patologia Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-0105

Marco Túlio Gomes Campos

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-2255

Felipe Pierezan

Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilDepartamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3319-8784

Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira Paes

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-7352

Raffaella Bertoni Cavalcanti Teixeira

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-6830

Maristela Silveira Palhares

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2606-4320

Renata de Pino Albuquerque Maranhão

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2084-672X

E-mail: izabela.idar@uky.edu. ^*Corresponding author

DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

All authors contributed equally for the conception and writing of the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved of the final version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (3)
Tables (2)

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Figure 1
Latero-lateral radiography showing a large amount of free fluid (black arrows) in the abdominal cavity of a 96-hour old pony foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Ventrodorsal radiography showing intestines filled with feces (black arrow) and gas (white arrow) in the abdominal cavity of a 96-hour old pony foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Type III atresia coli at the pelvic flexure (white arrow) and underdevelopment of large and small colon (black arrows) in a 96-hour old pony foal on post mortem examination at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Hematological and biochemical profile of a 48-hour-old foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Blood gas and electrolyte profile of a 48-hour-old foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

imageFigure 1 Latero-lateral radiography showing a large amount of free fluid (black arrows) in the abdominal cavity of a 96-hour old pony foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. open_in_new

imageFigure 2 Ventrodorsal radiography showing intestines filled with feces (black arrow) and gas (white arrow) in the abdominal cavity of a 96-hour old pony foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. open_in_new

imageFigure 3 Type III atresia coli at the pelvic flexure (white arrow) and underdevelopment of large and small colon (black arrows) in a 96-hour old pony foal on post mortem examination at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. open_in_new

table_chartTable 1 Hematological and biochemical profile of a 48-hour-old foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

-----------------------------HEMATOLOGY-----------------------		----------------REFERENCE RANGE¹---------------
----------Plasma physical appearance: discretely icteric-----------		Colorless to light yellow plasma
Fibrinogen	600 mg/dL	100 - 400 mg/dL
Red blood cells	9.05 million/mm³	6.6 - 11 million/mm³
Hemoglobin	14 g/dL	11 - 16 g/dL
Hematocrit	40 %	30 - 44 %
MCV	44.2 fL	38 - 51 fL
MCHC	35 %	35 - 39 %
MCH	15.47 pg	13 - 19 pg
Total leucocytes	8.450 / mm³	5.600 - 11.600 / mm³
Neutrophils	90% (7.605/mm³)	2.600 - 6.700 / mm³
Lymphocytes	7% (591.5/mm³)	1.100 - 5.700 / mm³
Monocytes	3% (253.5/mm³)	0 - 700 / mm³
Platelets	298.000 / mm³	100.000 - 308.000 / mm³
BLOOD SMEAR EVALUATION:
It was observed the presence of: Toxic neutrophils, hyper segmented neutrophils, activated monocytes and platelet aggregates.
¹Reference: HARVEY, J. W. Veterinary Hematology: A Diagnostic Guide and Color Atlas. St. Louis: Elsevier/Saunders, 2012.
--------------------BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY--------------------		-----------------REFERENCE RANGE²----------------
Urea	48.69 mg/dL	21.4 - 51.5 mg/dL
Creatinine	1.12 mg/dL	0.4 - 2.2 mg/dL
ALT	9.97 U/L	3 - 23 U/L
AST	190.78 U/L	226 - 366 U/L
ALP	1107 U/L	86 - 295 U/L
GGT	26.1 U/L	6 - 32 U/L
Glucose	35 mg/dL	62 - 134 mg/dL
Total protein	3.96 g/dL	6 - 8 g/dL
Albumin	2.51 g/dL	2.4 - 4.1 g/dL
Globulins	1.45 g/dL	2.6 - 4 g/dL
²Reference:	MEYER, D. J. et al. Medicina de laboratório veterinária: interpretação e diagnóstico. São Paulo: Roca, 1995.

table_chartTable 2 Blood gas and electrolyte profile of a 48-hour-old foal diagnosed with atresia coli type III at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.

		REFERENCE RANGE³
pH	7.432	7.32 - 7.44
pCO2	46.3 mmHg	38 - 46 mmHg
pO2	61.3 mmHg	63 - 77 mmHg
sO2	87.5 %	92 - 96 %
cK+	3.2 mM	2.4 - 4.7 mM
cNa+	142 mM	132 - 146 mM
cCl-	109 mM	99 - 109 mM
cHCO3-(P)c	30.3	20 - 28
cBase(B)c	5.5 mM	3.51 - 9.39 mM
AnionGap K+	5.9 mM	12.08 - 16.62 mM
cLac	1.6	1.1 - 2.3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------³References:--------------------------------------------------------------------------
CARLUCCIO, A. et al. Correlation between some arterial and venous blood gas parameters in healthy newborn Martina Franca donkey foals from birth to 96 hours of age. Theriogenology. v.87, p.173-178, 2017. Available from: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27667749>. Accessed: Nov. 13, 2019. doi: 10.1016 /j.theriogenology.2016.08.021.
CASTAGNETTI, C. et al. Venous blood lactate evaluation in equine neonatal intensive care. Theriogenology, v.73, n.3, p.343-357, 2010. Available from: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19962183>. Accessed: Nov. 13, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.018.
CRUZ, R. K. S. et al. Electrolyte, blood gas and electrocardiographic profile of neonatal foals in the first 48 hours of life. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. v.43, p.1321-1327, 2015. Available from: <http://www.ufrgs.br/actavet/43/PUB%201321>. Accessed: Nov. 13, 2019.
HUGLES, J.; BARDELL, B. Determination of reference intervals for equine arterial blood-gas, acid-base and electrolyte analyses. Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia, v.46, n.6, p.765-771, 2019. Available from: <https://www.vaajournal.org/article/S1467-2987(19)30141-2/fulltext>. Accessed: Nov. 13, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2019.04.015.
KANEKO, J. J.; BRUSS, M. L. Bioquímica Clínica de Animais Domésticos. San Diego: Academic Press, 1997.

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