Inoculation methods and aggressiveness of five <i>Fusarium</i> species against peach palm

Jarek, Tiago Miguel; Santos, Álvaro Figueredo dos; Tessmann, Dauri José; Vieira, Elisa Serra Negra

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20170462

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CROP PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 48 (4) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170462 copy

Inoculation methods and aggressiveness of five Fusarium species against peach palm

Métodos de inoculação e agressividade de cinco espécies de Fusarium à pupunheira

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Fusarium wilt is a major disease which affects peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth.var gasipaes Henderson). This study aimed to evaluate inoculation methods and aggressiveness of isolates of five Fusarium species on peach palm. Fusarium proliferatum can infect the leaves, stem, and roots of peach palm. F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), F. verticillioides, F. solani species complex (FSSC), and Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFSC) are pathogenic to peach palm. The use of Fusarium-colonized ground corn for root inoculation was effective and reduced the level of damage to plants.

Key words:
Bactris gasipaes,heart of palm; Fusarium wilt

Authorship

Tiago Miguel Jarek ^*E-mail: tiagomiguel87@yahoo.com.br. *Corresponding author

Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 80035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.Universidade Federal do ParanáBrazilCuritiba, PR, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 80035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3946-7906

Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Florestas), Colombo, PR, Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Florestas)BrazilColombo, PR, BrazilEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Florestas), Colombo, PR, Brasil.

Dauri José Tessmann

Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de MaringáBrazilMaringá, PR, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brasil.

Elisa Serra Negra Vieira

E-mail: tiagomiguel87@yahoo.com.br. ^*Corresponding author

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de MaringáBrazilMaringá, PR, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brasil.

Figures | Tables

Figures (2)
Tables (1)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
A) Control treatment, leaf of peach palm inoculated with water. B) Symptoms on leaf inoculated with Fusarium proliferatum 7 days after inoculation (DAI). C) Symptoms on leaf 15 DAI. D) Longitudinal section root of non-inoculated control treatment (7.5×magnification). E) Control root inoculated with water (7.5× magnification). F) Symptoms in roots inoculated with F. proliferatum (7.5×magnification). G) Non-inoculated control in cross-sectional view. H) Control stem inoculated with water. I) Stem inoculated with Fusarium proliferatum. J) Roots of control for test maintained on substrate. K) Roots of the plant treated with ground corn without fungus (control). L) Roots of plant inoculated with F. proliferatum-colonized ground corn.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Biplot of response height (H), total weight (PT), root weight (PR), and severity (S) for analysis of main components using correlation matrix with SP-5 and SP-3 treatments and control (Test) for inoculation methods: A) injection, B) immersion, C) injury, and D) ground corn.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Aggressiveness against peach palm and origin of isolates of Fusarium proliferatum, F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), F. verticillioides; F. solani species complex (FSSC), and Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFSC) via inoculation of stem after wounding.

Figure 1 A) Control treatment, leaf of peach palm inoculated with water. B) Symptoms on leaf inoculated with Fusarium proliferatum 7 days after inoculation (DAI). C) Symptoms on leaf 15 DAI. D) Longitudinal section root of non-inoculated control treatment (7.5×magnification). E) Control root inoculated with water (7.5× magnification). F) Symptoms in roots inoculated with F. proliferatum (7.5×magnification). G) Non-inoculated control in cross-sectional view. H) Control stem inoculated with water. I) Stem inoculated with Fusarium proliferatum. J) Roots of control for test maintained on substrate. K) Roots of the plant treated with ground corn without fungus (control). L) Roots of plant inoculated with F. proliferatum-colonized ground corn.

Figure 2 Biplot of response height (H), total weight (PT), root weight (PR), and severity (S) for analysis of main components using correlation matrix with SP-5 and SP-3 treatments and control (Test) for inoculation methods: A) injection, B) immersion, C) injury, and D) ground corn.

Table 1 Aggressiveness against peach palm and origin of isolates of Fusarium proliferatum, F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), F. verticillioides; F. solani species complex (FSSC), and Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFSC) via inoculation of stem after wounding.

Species	Strain	Origin	External symptoms		Internal symptoms
			INC(%)	SEV¹	INC(%)	SEV^2*
	Control		A^*	B^**	A^*	4.2	b^B*
	SP - 5	RO	30	1.2	50	17.6	a
	Fus - 13	PR	0	0	30	6.6	b
	SP - 3	RO	0	0	100	15.5	a
	Fus - 12	PR	0	0	70	12.3	a
	Fus - 2	PR	0	0	60	11.6	a
F. proliferatum	GA - 3	SC	20	0.8	60	11.4	b
	SAF - 2	PR	10	0.4	30	4.1	b
	CA - 1 A	SP	50	2	60	9.6	b
	SP - 3HR	RO	10	0.1	50	6.2	b
	SAF - 4	PR	30	1.2	80	11.4	a
	SAF - 7	PR	0	0	80	13.4	a
	SAF - 8	PR	0	0	80	7.6	b
	1 A	RO	20	0.6	50	19.6	a
	1A02E	RO	30	0.6	100	30.3	a
	A7	RO	10	0.4	40	4.3	b
FOSC	BG - 11	PR	10	0.1	80	11.1	a
	GA - 1	SC	20	0.3	60	19.3	a
	BG - 14	MG	80	2.4	60	4.3	b
	CA - 1B	SP	0	0	40	6.3	b
	CA - 2	SP	10	0.4	90	14.2	a
F. verticillioides	3 A	RO	10	0.2	50	13.2	a
FSSC	BG - 13	PR	0	0	50	13.0	a
FSSC	SP - 2	RO	20	0.6	50	4.6	b
	BG - 21	PR	20	0.8	80	7.3	b
	BG - 2	PR	0	0	50	6.5	b
	SAF - 5	PR	10	0.2	70	15.3	a
GFSC	BG - 12	PR	10	0.4	50	4.2	b
	CA - 3	SP	0	0	60	13.5	a
	BG - 15	PR	20	0.6	60	10.2	a
	SAF - 6	PR	0	0	50	9.0	b
	SAF - 3	PR	0	0	100	21.1	a
Coefficient of Variation %						43,4

INC, Incidence (percentage of plants with symptoms); SEV¹, Severity -Scale with grades from 0 to 4; SEV², Severity -Stem lesion size (mm); ^*Numbers followed by the same letter within the column do not differ statistically, Scott-Knott test, p <0.05; A^* Plants of the control group suffered injuries during inoculation, resulting in the death of certain plants. B^* Owing to injuries, the control plants exhibited leaf yellowing (SEV1) or blackening at the wound site (SEV2). The experiment was repeated twice with isolates BG-14, SAF-7, and CA-1A.

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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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Inoculation methods and aggressiveness of five <i>Fusarium</i> species against peach palm

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[1] E-mail: tiagomiguel87@yahoo.com.br. ^*Corresponding author