Potential of parents and hybrids experimental of the yellow melon

Cavalcante Neto, José Galdino; Ferreira, Karmita Thainá Correia; Aragão, Fernando Antonio Souza de; Antônio, Rafaela Priscila; Nunes, Glauber Henrique de Sousa

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190452

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CROP PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 50 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190452 copy

Potential of parents and hybrids experimental of the yellow melon

Potencial de parentais e híbridos experimentais de melão amarelo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Melon or muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is of considerable economic importance in Brazil. Nearly all the cultivars currently grown are hybrids. Heterosis has been used to advantage in the melon plant, and the use of uniform hybrids is one of the reasons for successful cultivation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agronomic potential of yellow melon lines and hybrids. An experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with three replications to evaluate 24 hybrids generated by crosses among three elite lines used as female parents (AF-01, AF-02, and AF-03) and eight lines used as male parents (LAM-01, LAM-02, LAM-03, LAM-04, LAM-05, LAM-06, LAM-07, and LAM-08). Yield and fruit quality traits were evaluated. Partial diallel analysis was carried out to estimate general combining ability and specific combining ability. Additive and non-additive effects were observed for the yield, mean fruit weight, and pulp thickness traits. The lines AF-02, LAM-02, and LAM-03 are the most promising as parents as they more frequently have favorable alleles. The most prominent hybrids in diallel analysis were AF-02 x LAM-02, AF-02 x LAM-03, AF-02 x LAM-04, and AF-03 x LAM-06.

Key words:
Cucumis melo L.; combining ability; heterosis; diallel.

Authorship

José Galdino Cavalcante Neto

Programa de Pós-graduação em Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido (UFERSA), 59631-180, Mossoró, RN, Brasil. Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido (UFERSA)BrazilMossoró, RN, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido (UFERSA), 59631-180, Mossoró, RN, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6421-0336

Karmita Thainá Correia Ferreira

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6410-4093

Fernando Antonio Souza de Aragão ^*E-mail: fernando.aragao@embrapa.br. *Corresponding author

Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil..Embrapa Agroindústria TropicalBrazilFortaleza, CE, BrazilEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil..

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-7375

Rafaela Priscila Antônio

Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE, Brasil. Embrapa SemiáridoBrazilPetrolina, PE, BrazilEmbrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0913-0541

Glauber Henrique de Sousa Nunes

Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-áridoBrazilMossoró, RN, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7189-2283

E-mail: fernando.aragao@embrapa.br. *Corresponding author

DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

All authors contributed equally for the conception and writing of the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved of the final version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil..Embrapa Agroindústria TropicalBrazilFortaleza, CE, BrazilEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil..

Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE, Brasil. Embrapa SemiáridoBrazilPetrolina, PE, BrazilEmbrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE, Brasil.

Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-áridoBrazilMossoró, RN, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil.

Figures | Tables

Figures (1)
Tables (4)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Hybrids of the yellow melon group Inodorus obtained by crossings: AF-02 x LAM-02 (A), AF-02 x LAM-03 (B), AF-02 x LAM-03 (C), and AF-03 x LAM-06 (D) closed and open respectively.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Summary of diallel analysis for six traits evaluated in a partial diallel involving two groups of yellow melon lines.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Estimates of general combining ability (GCA) for yield, mean fruit weight, and pulp thickness in a partial diallel with two groups of yellow melon lines.

Thumbnail

Table 3
Estimate of specific combining ability (SCA) and heterosis of yield, mean fruit weight, and pulp thickness in a partial diallel with two groups of yellow melon lines.

Thumbnail

Table 4
Mean of five traits evaluated in experimental and commercial hybrids of yellow melon.

Figure 1 Hybrids of the yellow melon group Inodorus obtained by crossings: AF-02 x LAM-02 (A), AF-02 x LAM-03 (B), AF-02 x LAM-03 (C), and AF-03 x LAM-06 (D) closed and open respectively.

Table 1 Summary of diallel analysis for six traits evaluated in a partial diallel involving two groups of yellow melon lines.

SV	df	------------------------------------------------MS (Traits)---------------------------------------------------
		YIELD	MFW	NMF	PT	SS	PF
(Treatments)	(34)	185.95^**	0.39^**	0.67^**	28.58^**	1.75^**	0.47^**
GCA (Group I)	2	1148.88^**	72.82^**	1.04^ns	39.99^**	0.74^ns	0.13^ns
GCA (Group II)	7	254.65^**	185.28^**	0.58^ns	31.459^**	3.47^ns	0.68^ns
SCA (I x II)	24	93.08^**	349.42^**	0.46^ns	13.23^**	1.401^ns	0.32^ns
Groups	1	8.10^ns	8937.83^**	5.52^ns	354.12^**	0.14^ns	3.36^ns
Error	68	53.90	0.02	0.13	4.76	0.52	0.05
C.V. (%)		23.49	8.32	28.32	4.70	5.74	8.13
Mean		30.92	1.70	1.28	46.41	12.	2.83

^**, ^*: Significant by the Snedecor F test (P<0.01), ^ns: not significant. YIELD: yield in t ha^-1; MFW: mean fruit weight, in g; NMF: number of marketable fruits per plant; PT: pulp thickness in the equatorial region of the fruit, in cm; SS: total soluble solids, in ºBrix; PF: pulp firmness, in kgf.

Table 2 Estimates of general combining ability (GCA) for yield, mean fruit weight, and pulp thickness in a partial diallel with two groups of yellow melon lines.

Parent	----------------------------------------------------GCA (Traits)-----------------------------------------------------
	YIELD	MFW	PT
AF-01	-4.19	-1.64	0.61
AF-02	6.43	0.89	0.61
AF-03	-2.27	0.75	-1.22
DP (g_i)	0.99	0.19	0.29
LAM-01	-0.30	0.46	1.13
LAM-02	4.12	2.08	0.51
LAM-03	2.59	4.99	1.11
LAM-04	-3.86	-0.73	-1.46
LAM-05	-1.07	-4.35	-0.36
LAM-06	3.93	-0.61	-0.26
LAM-07	0.04	-3.24	1.26
LAM-08	-5.45	1.39	-1.94
SD (g_i)	1.49	0.29	0.44

YIELD: yield, in t ha^-1; MFW: mean fruit weight, in g; PT: pulp thickness in the equatorial region of the fruit, in cm. SD: standard deviation.

Table 3 Estimate of specific combining ability (SCA) and heterosis of yield, mean fruit weight, and pulp thickness in a partial diallel with two groups of yellow melon lines.

Cross	-------------------------SCA------------------------				------------------------Heterosis------------------------
	YIELD	MFW	PT		YIELD	MFW	PT
AF-01 x LAM-01	1.40	-7.518	-0.104		0.04	-8.98	-2.82
AF-01 x LAM-02	-4.06	-0.805	-1.685		-5.11	-3.11	-5.42
AF-01 x LAM-03	1.84	-5.520	-1.086		1.67	-6.07	-4.01
AF-01 x LAM-04	-0.33	-4.255	0.685		-1.84	-5.98	-0.50
AF-01 x LAM-05	-2.54	-5.775	-1.478		-4.12	-6.83	-5.17
AF-01 x LAM-06	-2.23	1.818	1.286		-1.51	-0.79	1.49
AF-01 x LAM-07	-1.23	-5.613	-0.377		-4.26	-7.27	-2.51
AF-01 x LAM-08	1.44	-4.118	-2.368		-1.97	-7.30	-8.70
AF-02 x LAM-01	-0.43	5.016	-1.979		2.32	13.40	1.09
AF-02 x LAM-02	5.65	11.999	2.038		8.72	20.65	10.88
AF-02 x LAM-03	4.60	16.814	2.837		8.55	22.59	12.66
AF-02 x LAM-04	10.60	10.939	3.678		13.21	19.06	15.29
AF-02 x LAM-05	-0.25	7.089	1.786		2.29	17.19	10.41
AF-02 x LAM-06	-4.27	7.883	0.210		0.57	19.60	7.80
AF-02 x LAM-07	-3.83	4.922	0.687		-2.74	14.85	7.93
AF-02 x LAM-08	-1.32	5.546	0.696		-0.61	13.37	6.43
AF-03 x LAM-01	-0.73	-1.633	2.048		-1.91	-0.53	6.46
AF-03 x LAM-02	-0.06	1.279	0.997		-0.92	3.53	5.01
AF-03 x LAM-03	-1.42	-2.365	-0.134		-1.41	0.90	2.59
AF-03 x LAM-04	-10.59	-0.911	-2.892		-11.91	1.31	-3.84
AF-03 x LAM-05	2.20	5.439	0.874		0.82	5.25	4.73
AF-03 x LAM-06	15.06	9.233	1.308		15.97	9.26	6.70
AF-03 x LAM-07	-1.35	3.072	1.385		-4.19	3.16	5.99
AF-03 x LAM-08	-8.05	-7.163	-0.006		-11.27	-3.86	1.10
SD (s_ii)	3.34	0.644	0.991	r	0.93^**	0.94^**	0.88^**
SD (s_jj)	2.68	0.516	0.795
SD (s_ij)	3.76	0.725	1.116

^**Significant by the Mantel test (p<0.01). YIELD: yield, in t ha^-1; MFW: mean fruit weight, in g; PT: pulp thickness in the equatorial region of the fruit, in cm. SD: standard deviation.

Table 4 Mean of five traits evaluated in experimental and commercial hybrids of yellow melon.

Genotype	----------------------------------------------------Mean (Traits)------------------------------------------------------
	YIELD	MFW	NMF	PT	PF	SS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hybrid-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
AF-02 x LAM-02	42.78	2.07c	1.65a	4.96a	2.39b	12.39b
AF-02 x LAM-03	36.68	2.28b	1.29b	5.10a	2.78b	12.91b
AF-02 x LAM-04	33.26	1.75d	1.52a	4.93a	3.68a	12.32b
AF-03 x LAM-06	57.30	1.65d	1.31b	4.63b	2.53b	13.90a
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Control-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
4945	36.54	1.98c	1.48a	4.85a	2.45b	12.68b
Goldex	28.07	1.89c	1.19b	5.13a	2.57b	13.75a
Soleares	30.61	1.69d	1.45a	4.46a	2.43b	13.35a
Iracema	37.44	2.39b	1.25b	5.15a	2.16b	11.79b
Gladial	43.34	2.60a	1.33b	5.31a	2.41b	13.26a

Mean values followed by the same lowercase letter belong to the same group according to Scott-Knott (1974). YIELD: yield, in t ha^-1; MFW: mean fruit weight, in g; NMF: number of marketable fruits per plant; PT: pulp thickness in the equatorial region of the fruit, in cm; SS: total soluble solids, in ºBrix; PF: pulp firmness, in kgf.

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E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: fernando.aragao@embrapa.br. *Corresponding author