Swine pleuropneumonia is responsible for severe losses in swine breeding farms around the world. The aethiological agent, A. pleuropneumoniae, is classified according to different degrees of pathogenicity in 15 serotypes. The correct identification and serological classification of this bacterium is very important for the adoption of control measures. The diagnosis of swine pleuropneumonia is performed by conventional microbiological techniques, however problems in A. pleuropneumoniae identification have been reported. In Brazil, some studies applying molecular tests have been developed specially in isolates from swine herds with subclinical and chronic infections. In this review, we discuss the results on molecular characterization of A. pleuropneumoniae and related species from herds with or without pleuropneumonia. Moreover, we also discuss the perspectives to development early diagnostic methods and to improve understand of pathogenesis mechanisms of these bacteria.
A. pleuropneumoniae; diagnostic; PCR; rDNA 16S; RAPD