Canopeo and GreenSeeker applications as tools to support tropical pasture management

Campana, Mariana; Valle, Tiago Antonio Del; Fernandes, Luana Santos; Pereira, Francisco Rafael da Silva; Garcia, Thainá Moreira; Osório, Jesus Alberto Cardozo; Facco, Francine Basso; Morais, Jozivaldo Prudêncio Gomes de

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20220167

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 53 (6) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220167 copy

Canopeo and GreenSeeker applications as tools to support tropical pasture management

Aplicativos Canopeo e GreenSeeker como ferramentas de apoio ao manejo de pastagens tropicais

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This study determined whether Canopeo and GreenSeeker measurements in Megathyrsus maximus can estimate plant height, dry matter mass, morphological components, and content of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber at different days of growth. Five plots of 5 × 25m M. maximus grass were defined: subplots of 1×1m were evaluated every three days, in which the pasture shows 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 days of regrowth. The subplot was evaluated for canopy height and mass accumulation. The canopeo index (CI) obtained at a higher height was lower than those obtained at a smaller height. Higher measurement height increased the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) relative to 0.10 m. The highest indexes were observed since 18 d of regrowth. Except for the CI evaluated at 0.10 m of height, the indexes were not correlated to the chemical composition of the forage. The CI and NDVI were positively correlated to plant height, dry matter mass, and leaf index, whereas both were negatively correlated with stalk index. Thus, lower evaluation heights for CI and NDVI can be a good predictor of forage height. Values of 0.83 and 85.8 for NDVI and CI, respectively, indicated an appropriate time to start the grazing of M. maximus.

Key words:
canopy height; Megathyrsus maximus; NDVI; optical sensor; ruminant

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: tiago.valle@ufsm.br. ^*Corresponding author

Item	-----------------------------------------Evaluated height (m)-----------------------------------				-------------Probabilities¹-----------
	0.10	0.20	0.30	0.60	0.90	Height	Age	Height×Age
Canopeo	79.2±1.55^ab	79.8±1.56^a	79.2±1.50^ab	77.5±1.55^bc	75.8±1.55^c	<0.01	<0.01	0.99
GS	0.777±0.0078^b	0.790±0.0077^a	0.800±0.0078^a	-	-	<0.01	<0.01	0.99

Index and height	DM	CP	NDF
--------------------------------------------------------------------------Canopeo (CI)--------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.10 m	-0.19 (0.23)	0.32 (0.04)	-0.09 (0.58)
0.20 m	-0.19 (0.23)	0.23 (0.14)	-0.07 (0.67)
0.30 m	0.05 (0.65)	0.04 (0.73)	-0.05 (0.70)
0.60 m	-0.10 (0.38)	0.11 (0.32)	-0.06 (0.60)
0.90 m	-0.06 (0.62)	0.15 (0.20)	-0.02 (0.88)
----------------------------------------------------------------------GreenSeeker (NDVI)---------------------------------------------------------------------
0.10 m	-0.06 (0.63)	0.12 (0.31)	-0.07 (0.56)
0.20 m	-0.15 (0.19)	0.13 (0.25)	-0.09 (0.45)
0.30 m	-0.14 (0.23)	0.13 (0.28)	-0.11 (0.35)

Index and height	Plant height	DM mass	Stalk index	Leaf index
--------------------------------------------------------------------------Canopeo (CI)--------------------------------------------------------------------------				Leaf index
0.10 m	0.53	0.49	-0.41	0.41
0.20 m	0.54	0.49	-0.41	0.42
0.30 m	0.56	0.56	-0.44	0.44
0.60 m	0.54	0.55	-0.40	0.39
0.90 m	0.56	0.54	-0.42	0.41
---------------------------------------------------------------------GreenSeeker (NDVI)---------------------------------------------------------------------				0.41
0.10 m	0.54	0.47	-0.34	0.34
0.20 m	0.56	0.49	-0.33	0.33
0.30 m	0.57	0.49	-0.33	0.33

Item	-----------------Intercept-----------------		-------------------Slope--------------------	-----R²-----	----RMSE¹----
	Estimate	SE	Estimate	-----------------------------SE-----------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------Plant height, cm--------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------Canopeo (CI)-----------------------------------------------------------------------
0.10 m	1.82 × 10^-1	1.02 × 10^-1	8.48 × 10^-3	1.32 × 10^-3	0.29	0.177
0.20 m	1.54 × 10^-1	1.06 × 10^-1	8.77 × 10^-3	1.36 × 10^-3	0.29	0.176
0.30 m	2.13 × 10^-1	6.94 × 10^-2	7.94 × 10^-3	8.63 × 10^-4	0.31	0.167
0.60 m	3.03 × 10^-1	6.23 × 10^-2	6.95 × 10^-3	7.88 × 10^-4	0.29	0.169
0.90 m	3.35 × 10^-1	5.54 × 10^-2	6.67 × 10^-3	7.13 × 10^-4	0.32	0.166
-------------------------------------------------------------------GreenSkeeker (NDVI)--------------------------------------------------------------------	3.35 × 10^-1	5.54 × 10^-2	6.67 × 10^-3	7.13 × 10^-4	0.32	0.166
0.10 m	-1.92 × 10^-1	1.20 × 10^-1	1.33	1.54 × 10^-1	0.29	0.168
0.20 m	-2.71 × 10^-1	1.22 × 10^-1	1.41	1.53 × 10^-1	0.31	0.167
0.30 m	-2.51 × 10^-1	1.16 × 10^-1	1.37	1.44 × 10^-1	0.33	0.163
----------------------------------------------------------------------DM mass, kg/há----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Canopeo (CI)----------------------------------------------------------------------
0.10 m	-1.30 × 10³	557	39.9	7.16	0.24	928
0.20 m	-1.40 × 10³	569	40.9	7.27	0.24	926
0.30 m	-2.90 × 10³	609	69.5	7.55	0.31	1438
0.60 m	-2.13 × 10³	547	61.1	6.89	0.30	1455
0.90 m	-1.63 × 10³	496	55.7	6.36	0.29	1459
--------------------------------------------------------------------GreenSkeeker (NDVI)-------------------------------------------------------------------	-1.63 × 10³	496	55.7	6.36	0.29	1459
0.10 m	-5.41 × 10³	1.12 × 10³	1.03 × 10⁴	1.43 × 10³	0.22	1530
0.20 m	-5.97 × 10³	1.13 × 10³	1.08 × 10⁴	1.43 × 10³	0.24	1516
0.30 m	-5.67 × 10³	1.09 × 10³	1.03 × 10⁴	1.35 × 10³	0.24	1512
----------------------------------------------------------------------Leaf index (%)----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------Canopeo (CI)----------------------------------------------------------------------
0.10 m	68.2	5.16	2.94 × 10^-1	6.63 × 10^-2	0.16	8.60
0.20 m	66.9	5.26	3.07 × 10^-1	6.71 × 10^-2	0.17	8.56
0.30 m	73.0	3.07	2.52 × 10^-1	3.81 × 10^-2	0.19	7.25
0.60 m	77.2	2.78	2.05 × 10^-1	3.51 × 10^-2	0.16	7.41
0.90 m	77.9	2.49	1.98 × 10^-1	1.96 × 10^-2	0.17	7.34
---------------------------------------------------------------------GreenSkeeker (NDVI)--------------------------------------------------------------------	77.9	2.49	1.98 × 10^-1	1.96 × 10^-2	0.17	7.34
0.10 m	66.3	5.57	34.3	7.11	0.11	7.63
0.20 m	65.8	5.69	34.4	7.15	0.11	7.60
0.30 m	66.8	5.49	32.7	6.80	0.11	7.63