The continuous utiliwtion of explants obtainedfrom cultured apical meristems limits elephantgrass in vitro conservation because of gradual loss of vigor. Such a restriction makes it necessary to periodícally replace accessions in the coilection, reducing the efficiency of the technique. To overcome this problem, a study was carried out with 51 elephantgrass cultivars, where reculturing was conducted every 4 to 6 months using in vitro seediing axiliary meristems, with or without the addition of naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) to the MS culture médium. During this reculturing cycle, which lasted 45 days, the following variables were evaluated: explant number and length, sprouted buds per explant, days to sprouting onset, sprouting vigor, number of developed shoots and percentage of death. The results suggest that the method improved seediing vigor markediy, altfwugh cultivar responses, regardiess of NAA addition, showed high variation. 'Mercker Comum Pinda' was the sole case showing no or weak response to either MS or NAA-enriched MS médium. Based on the number of sprouts developed, 'Napier' and 'Sem Pêlo' exhibited the best performance, when NAA was added to the médium. This method showed high potential to lower costs and reduce risks of mutations because of the limited utilization of growth regulators.
elephantgrass; germplasm; micropropagation; Pennisetum purpureum; tissue culture
