Impact of massage on goats on the human-animal relationship and parameters linked to physiological response

Leite, Luana Oliveira; Bezerra, Belise Maria Oliveira; Kogitzki, Themis Regina; Polo, Gina; Freitas, Vicente José de Figueirêdo; Hötzel, Maria José; Nunes-Pinheiro, Diana Célia Sousa

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20200105

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil
SciELO.org - Rede SciELO
Blog SciELO em Perspectiva

Abrir menu

Brasil

Español English

Ciência Rural

Submissão de manuscritos
Sobre o periódico
Corpo Editorial
Instruções aos autores
Contato

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Resumo (Inglês)
Resumo (Português)

Texto (Inglês)

Download PDF (Inglês)

Compartilhe

Compartilhe
E-mail
Facebook
Twitter
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley

Sumário

Compartilhe
E-mail
Facebook
Twitter
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley

Resumo (Inglês)
Resumo (Português)

Texto (Inglês)

Download PDF (Inglês)

ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 50 (9) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200105 copy

Impact of massage on goats on the human-animal relationship and parameters linked to physiological response

Impacto da massagem em cabras na relação homem-animal e parâmetros relacionados à resposta fisiológica

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Considering the benefits that massage can promote, this research aimed to apply the stroking massage in five adult goats (G1-G5) assessed in group and individually for ten days. Parameters related to massage, immune system, physiology and behavior of goats were observed. There was only significant difference (P<0.05) regarding behavior expressed in the presence of the masseur in G4 and G5, between week 1 and 2. Most goats accepted massage, except G2, with greater demonstrations of positive than negative behavior towards the masseur. Therefore, stroking massage promoted positive interactions between the masseur and goats, and should be explored as an alternative method to those existing in improving the relationship between humans and farm animals.

Key words:
animal welfare; goat behavior; serum MDA; stroking massage; touch

Authorship

Luana Oliveira Leite

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: luanaoliv.vet@gmail.com. *Corresponding author.Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE)BrazilFortaleza, CE, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: luanaoliv.vet@gmail.com. *Corresponding author.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-9061

Belise Maria Oliveira Bezerra

Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR)BrazilFortaleza, CE, BrazilCurso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-9230

Themis Regina Kogitzki

Instrutora de Massagem Canina na AnimaTherapy, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.Instrutora de Massagem Canina na AnimaTherapyBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilInstrutora de Massagem Canina na AnimaTherapy, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6194-357X

Gina Polo

Análise Estatística e Consultoria de Pesquisa, Bogotá, Colômbia. Análise Estatística e Consultoria de PesquisaBogotá, ColômbiaAnálise Estatística e Consultoria de Pesquisa, Bogotá, Colômbia.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-7392

Vicente José de Figueirêdo Freitas

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-0880

Maria José Hötzel

Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada e Bem-estar Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)BrazilFlorianópolis, SC, BrazilLaboratório de Etologia Aplicada e Bem-estar Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-3202

Diana Célia Sousa Nunes-Pinheiro

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4505-9941

DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest of personal, academic, political or financial interests relating to the publication.

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

LOL, MJH, TRK, DCSNP conceived and designed experiments. VJFF provided the animals for the study. LOL performed the experiments and together with BMOB carried out the lab analyses. GP performed statistical analyses of experimental data and elaborated almost all the figures. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved of the final version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (5)
Tables (2)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Scheme of experimental goat massage protocols.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Massage score (Mean ±SEM) during the ten days in Pen 1 and Pen 2 and goats 1, 3, 4 and 5 in Ceará, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Mean frequency of goat massage score in relation to feeding schedule during the 10 days of IM in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. CHO = Before or during feeding with chopped grass/hay only; INT = Feed intervals; CO = Before or during feeding with concentrate.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Behavioral repertoire of goats submitted to individual massage (IM) and group massage (GM) during days 4 to 15 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. P1 = Pen 1; P2 = Pen 2; W1= week 1; W2 = week 2; B1= Goats 1,2 and 3; B2 = Goats 4 and 5.

Thumbnail

Figure 5
Hematological and MDA variables of goats before (D1) and after massage (D14). Red dots = G1; blue dots = G2; green dots = G3; purple dots = G4; orange dots = G5.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Behavior score for reaction to stroking massage in goats in Ceará, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Goat behaviors observed during the massage protocols.

Figure 1 Scheme of experimental goat massage protocols.

Figure 2 Massage score (Mean ±SEM) during the ten days in Pen 1 and Pen 2 and goats 1, 3, 4 and 5 in Ceará, Brazil.

Figure 3 Mean frequency of goat massage score in relation to feeding schedule during the 10 days of IM in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. CHO = Before or during feeding with chopped grass/hay only; INT = Feed intervals; CO = Before or during feeding with concentrate.

Figure 4 Behavioral repertoire of goats submitted to individual massage (IM) and group massage (GM) during days 4 to 15 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. P1 = Pen 1; P2 = Pen 2; W1= week 1; W2 = week 2; B1= Goats 1,2 and 3; B2 = Goats 4 and 5.

Figure 5 Hematological and MDA variables of goats before (D1) and after massage (D14). Red dots = G1; blue dots = G2; green dots = G3; purple dots = G4; orange dots = G5.

Table 1 Behavior score for reaction to stroking massage in goats in Ceará, Brazil.

Score	-------------------------------------------------------------Behavioral reaction------------------------------------------------------------------
1	Does not accept the massage (≤10s; high movement and attempt to escape)
2	Accepts the massage less than half the time (>10s and <1:30min)
3	Accepts the massage half the time (= 1:30 min)
4	Accepts the massage more than half the time (> 1:30 min and <3 min)
5	Accepts full massage (3 min or more)

Table 2 Goat behaviors observed during the massage protocols.

Behavior parameters	------------------------------------------------------Description--------------------------------------------------
Trough interaction	The goat approaches the trough puts its head inside and removes it quickly or stays long periods awaiting for food or eats the concentrate food^a.
Water interaction	The goats drinks water from the automatic drinker or approaches the drinker and lick or bit it^a.
Grooming	The goat uses its teeth, horns or hind limbs to scratch itself or rubs any of its body parts in a wooden column^a,b.
Lie down	The goats lay alone or close to each other, being sleepy or idle or attentive^a.
Exploratory behavior	The animal directs its head toward the floor or fence touching or not its snout as if looking for something^a.
Standing	The animal stands still in normal or bipedal position, without any movement, staring the environment outside the pen or other goats^a,c.
Ruminating lying down	The goat lies down and ruminates^c.
Ruminating when standing	The goat stands still and ruminates^c.
Vocalizations	Vocal signals including snorts, bleats, and sneezes^b
Excretion behaviors	The goat urines and defecates^b.
Affiliative behaviors	Social positive behaviors as grooming (gently nibble other goat), sniffing, licking the base of the udder, and resting in pairs^a,b.
Play between goats	The animals approach each other and clashing their horns without aggressiveness; scrubs their noses on their peers neck with an up and down movement^a.
Agonistic behaviors	Contact aggressive behaviors as biting, bumping, clash of the heads or horns in normal or bipedal position, displacements or without contact as threat displays, chases, escapes^a,b.
Interact with the masseur	The animals approach the masseur and clashing their horns without aggressiveness; sniffs or scrubs their noses on the masseur; interacted aggressively or positively
Vocalizations to the masseur	Vocal signals directed to the masseur
Standing attentive to the masseur	The animal stands still in normal position, without any movement, staring the masseur

^a Adapted score (SILVA et al., 2013SILVA, C. M. DA et al. Ethogram of three genetic groups of goats confined using monitoring video images. Revista de Etologia, v.12, p.1-11, 2013. Available from: <Available from: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/reto/v12n1-2/a01v12n1-2.pdf >. Accessed: Sep. 5, 2019.
http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/reto/v12n1... )
^b Adapted score (MIRANDA-DE LA LAMA & MATTIELLO, 2010MIRANDA-DE LA LAMA, G. C.; MATTIELLO, S. The importance of social behaviour for goat welfare in livestock farming. Small Ruminant Research, v.90, n.1-3, p.1-10, 2010. Available from: <Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921448810000192 >. Accessed: Jul. 30, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.01.006.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar... )
^cAdapted score(PAULO & LOPES, 2014PAULO, J. L. DE A.; LOPES, F. DE A. Daily activity patterns of Saanen goats in the semi-arid northeast of Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v.43, n.9, p.464-470, 2014. Available from: <Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbz/v43n9/1516-3598-rbz-43-09-00464.pdf >. Accessed: Sep. 20, 2019. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982014000900002.
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbz/v43n9/1516-... )

How to cite

copy

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Versão para download de PDF

PDF

Inglês

Versões e tradução automática

Versão original do texto

English

Tradução automática

Google Translator
Microsoft Translator

Como citar

RIS

BIBTEX

Outros formatos de citação e exportação:

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
E-mail: scielo@scielo.org

Leia a Declaração de Acesso Aberto

Métricas

Impact of massage on goats on the human-animal relationship and parameters linked to physiological response

PlumX

Mensagem

[1] DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest of personal, academic, political or financial interests relating to the publication.