Determining the performance of alfalfa population collected from a narrow agroeceological zone of Turkey

Cacan, Erdal; Kokten, Kagan; Seydosoglu, Seyithan

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190721

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 50 (11) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190721 copy

Determining the performance of alfalfa population collected from a narrow agroeceological zone of Turkey

Determinação da população de alfafa coletada em uma estreita zona agroecológica da Turquia

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This study was carried out to determine the yield and quality characteristics of some alfalfa village populations cultivated by producers in Bingol province of Turkey. Alfalfa seeds were obtained from 23 different locations in 2015. A three replicated, randomised complete block designed field trial was established in 2016 including these genotypes and four registered varieties. As a result of three year trials, it was determined that the populations obtained from the villages of Servi, Mutluca, Garip, Sarıçiçek-1 and Bagliisa produced highest green herbage and hay yields. When we compare the quality results, Kumgecit, Küçüktekören and Şenköy-1 populations stands out in terms of crude protein ratio. Highest crude protein yield was obtained from Servi population. In terms of relative feed value, it was observed that the varieties were better qualfied than the populations. It is concluded that the populations of Servi, Mutluca, Garip, Sarıçiçek-1 and Bagliisa can be used in breeding studies especially to obtain genetic progress in yield of alfalfa for feed and bioenergy production. For the genetic improvement of current genotypes with higher crude protein ratio, Kumgecit, Küçüktekören and Şenköy-1 populations can be used as a source. This study showed that, East Anatolia region is not just live-conserving highly diversified species but also covering special intra-species genetic diversity in microclimatic zones of Turkey to be used to improve the global forage and bioenergy cropproduction.

Key words:
Medicago sativa L. alfalfa; population; yield; quality; Anatolia.

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: seyithanseydosoglu@siirt.edu.tr. ^*Corresponding author.

Months	--------Average Temperature (⁰C)-------				---------Total Precipitation (mm)--------				----------Relative Humidity (%)---------
	2016	2017	2018	LY	2016	2017	2018	LY	2016	2017	2018	LY
January	-2.8	-3.7	2.0	-2.5	235.1	63.9	204.0	154.0	75.3	71.1	72.7	73.3
February	2.4	-2.3	5.2	-0.9	86.3	32.9	74.9	137.7	73.7	61.6	65.8	72.2
March	7	5.9	10.3	4.9	125.5	114.5	72.2	124.1	60.4	64.7	59.1	64.2
April	13.9	10.8	14.4	10.9	45.5	166.4	57.1	103.8	48.4	58.8	44.1	61.2
May	16.3	16.4	16.4	16.2	62.2	92.4	163.0	66.8	57.4	56.2	67.9	55.8
June	22.2	22.6	22.6	22.6	34.6	9.6	33.3	18.4	43.6	39	47.4	42.5
July	26.9	28	27.1	27	3.5	0	4.6	7.3	33.4	28.1	30.6	36.7
August	28	27.6	27.4	26.8	0	2.5	11.7	5.4	28	26	31.1	36.8
September	19.9	23.5	22.6	21.3	29.1	0	11.7	16.4	40.3	26.4	37.0	42.2
October	15.2	13.4	15.9	14.2	4.4	52.8	104.5	70.3	43	48.6	55.6	58.9
November	6.4	7.3	7.9	6.5	53.7	99.5	83.6	91.8	47.9	68.5	72.4	64.7
December	-2.2	3.7	0.75	0.2	152.6	74.6	113.6	121.8	73.4	69.8	71.6	70.7
Total/Ave.	12.8	12.8	14.4	12.3	832.5	709.1	934.2	917.8	52.1	51.6	54.6	56.6

		----------------Green herbage yields (t/ha)---------------				----------------------Hay yields (t/ha)----------------------
	Genotypes	2016	2017	2018	Mean	2016	2017	2018	Mean^**
1	Garip	54.14	81.39	103.71	79.75 ab	17.74	26.70	39.02	27.82 ab
2	Küçüktekören	46.49	64.89	90.18	67.19 bc	14.36	25.19	27.65	22.40 cd
3	Kurudere	51.34	67.31	80.65	66.43 bc	16.29	22.55	30.19	23.01 bcd
4	Kumgeçit	44.76	64.94	95.20	68.30 abc	14.62	27.37	26.80	22.93 bcd
5	Kültür Mah.	43.74	66.62	90.34	66.90 bc	14.31	23.29	27.21	21.60 d
6	Ortaköy	46.02	59.75	79.31	61.69 c	14.30	22.28	27.29	21.29 d
7	Sarıçiçek-1	47.88	76.08	10.420	76.05 abc	15.04	29.94	34.04	26.34 a-d
8	Sarıçiçek-2	42.69	62.37	94.72	66.60 bc	13.55	25.93	27.67	22.38 cd
9	Sarıçiçek-3	48.72	67.63	99.80	72.05 abc	14.85	29.63	29.94	24.81 a-d
10	Yelesen	43.74	56.28	85.65	61.89 c	13.93	26.05	27.31	22.43 cd
11	Çeltiksuyu-1	46.42	62.19	100.02	69.54 abc	14.74	26.28	28.95	23.32 bcd
12	Çeltiksuyu-2	50.29	63.81	89.01	67.70 bc	15.73	23.84	30.41	23.33 bcd
13	Çeltiksuyu-3	50.75	73.93	93.12	72.60 abc	16.70	25.74	33.18	25.21 a-d
14	Meşedalı-1	57.45	75.05	100.27	77.59 abc	17.20	26.85	32.39	25.48 a-d
15	Meşedalı-2	52.83	69.07	96.06	72.65 abc	15.52	27.74	30.95	24.74 a-d
16	Servi	58.26	78.11	108.68	81.68 ab	18.68	30.32	36.59	28.53 a
17	Çevirme	45.96	64.87	92.99	67.94 bc	14.83	25.64	28.90	23.12 bcd
18	Arslanbeyli	62.17	66.68	98.19	75.68 abc	19.44	25.35	29.64	24.81 a-d
19	Mutluca	65.41	80.08	107.38	84.29 a	19.18	28.43	34.33	27.31 abc
20	Bağliisa	56.70	73.43	109.07	79.73 ab	18.06	29.01	31.33	26.13 a-d
21	Taşlıçay	46.54	64.23	94.03	68.26 abc	14.93	25.69	28.77	23.13 bcd
22	Şenköy-1	53.44	63.65	106.83	74.64 abc	17.39	28.89	28.38	24.88 a-d
23	Şenköy-2	49.49	66.81	98.85	71.72 abc	15.00	25.48	29.32	23.27 bcd
24	Başbağ	60.78	67.75	95.74	74.76 abc	18.12	25.51	29.51	24.38 a-d
25	Bilensoy 80	60.10	64.63	93.24	72.65 abc	18.15	24.65	27.60	23.47 a-d
26	Gea	57.58	73.02	99.94	76.85 abc	17.98	26.83	32.01	25.61 a-d
27	Savaş	48.95	59.05	95.36	67.79 bc	14.20	25.16	24.92	21.43 d
	Mean	51.58 C	67.91 B	96.39 A	71.96	16.11 C	26.31 B	30.16 A	24.19
	LSD (0.05)	Year (Y):34.05^, Genotype (G): 16.25^, Y x G : not significant				Year (Y):1.07^, Genotype (G): 5.09^, Y x G : not significant
		CV: %12.73, ^** P≤0.01				CV: %11.87, ^**P≤0.01

		-------------------Crude protein ratios (%)------------------				---------------Crude protein yields (t/ha)-------------
	Genotypes	2016	2017	2018	Mean	2016	2017	2018	Mean
1	Garip	23.4 a-o	22.5 a-p	19.2 qrs	21.7 e	4.00	6.26	7.53	5.93 ab
2	Küçüktekören	24.9 a-i	23.7 a-n	23.4 a-o	24.0 ab	3.40	6.27	6.48	5.39 ab
3	Kurudere	23.7 a-n	23.3 a-p	21.2 k-s	22.8 a-e	3.82	5.35	6.42	5.20 ab
4	Kumgeçit	25.5 ab	23.2 a-p	24.0 a-m	24.2 a	3.42	6.99	6.44	5.62 ab
5	Kültür Mah.	25.2 a-f	24.4 a-k	20.2 p-s	23.3 a-e	3.51	5.88	5.50	4.96 b
6	Ortaköy	25.2 a-f	22.1 c-r	22.1 e-r	23.2 a-e	3.17	5.63	6.03	4.94 b
7	Sarıçiçek-1	23.8 a-n	21.8 h-r	21.7 i-s	22.4 b-e	3.28	7.12	7.39	5.93 ab
8	Sarıçiçek-2	23.1 a-p	22.5 a-p	21.1 l-s	22.2 de	3.06	5.98	5.81	4.95 b
9	Sarıçiçek-3	24.4 a-k	23.7 a-n	20.6 n-s	22.9 a-e	3.51	7.24	6.16	5.64 ab
10	Yelesen	24.3 a-l	22.4 b-q	22.5 a-p	23.1 a-e	3.19	6.34	6.14	5.22 ab
11	Çeltiksuyu-1	24.3 a-m	23.7 a-n	20.3 o-s	22.8 a-e	3.49	6.37	5.90	5.26 ab
12	Çeltiksuyu-2	25.4 abc	23.0 a-p	21.1 m-s	23.1 a-e	3.62	6.03	6.41	5.35 ab
13	Çeltiksuyu-3	22.9 a-p	23.1 a-p	21.0 m-s	22.4 cde	3.86	5.92	6.99	5.59 ab
14	Meşedalı-1	23.8 a-m	23.2 a-p	21.8 h-r	22.9 a-e	3.96	6.38	7.06	5.80 ab
15	Meşedalı-2	23.0 a-p	22.4 b-q	22.6 a-p	22.7 a-e	3.48	6.40	6.98	5.62 ab
16	Servi	23.4 a-p	21.7 i-s	22.2 c-r	22.4 b-e	4.05	7.08	8.07	6.40 a
17	Çevirme	22.9 a-p	22.9 a-p	22.1 d-r	22.6 a-e	3.40	5.87	6.39	5.22 ab
18	Arslanbeyli	23.1 a-p	22.8 a-p	23.3 a-p	23.1 a-e	4.42	5.83	6.92	5.72 ab
19	Mutluca	25.0 a-h	22.7 a-p	19.0 rs	22.2 de	4.35	7.09	6.50	5.98 ab
20	Bağliisa	24.2 a-m	24.4 a-k	18.5 s	22.4 b-e	4.42	7.04	5.80	5.75 ab
21	Taşlıçay	25.2 a-g	24.8 a-i	21.5 j-s	23.8 a-d	3.69	6.47	6.18	5.45 ab
22	Şenköy-1	23.9 a-m	24.8 a-i	23.4 a-p	24.0 ab	4.31	6.89	6.63	5.94 ab
23	Şenköy-2	25.4 a-d	22.7 a-p	22.7 a-p	23.6 a-d	3.41	6.44	6.66	5.50 ab
24	Başbağ	24.8 a-i	23.6 a-n	21.4 j-s	23.3 a-e	4.29	6.32	6.30	5.63 ab
25	Bilensoy 80	25.7 a	23.4 a-p	22.5 a-p	23.9 abc	4.25	6.35	6.22	5.61 ab
26	Gea	25.3 a-e	23.5 a-o	22.0 g-r	23.6 a-e	4.23	6.78	7.04	6.01 ab
27	Savaş	24.6 a-j	23.1 a-p	22.0 f-r	23.3 a-e	3.29	6.20	5.49	4.99 b
	Mean	24.3 A	23.2 B	21.6 C	23.0	3.74 B	6.39 A	6.50 A	5.54
	LSD (0.05)	Year (Y):0.34^, Genotype (G): 1.64^, Y x G : 3.24^**				Year (Y): 0.25^, Genotype (G): 1.22^, Y x G : not significant
		CV(%): 4.00, ^** P≤0.01				CV:%12.36, ^**P≤0.01

		--------------------------ADF (%)---------------------------			---------------------------NDF (%)--------------------------
	Genotypes	2016	2017	2018	Mean	2016	2017	2018	Mean
1	Garip	22.4 b-m	24.7 a-j	25.5 a-f	24.2 abc	39.0 a-e	41.5 a-d	41.3 a-d	40.6 ab
2	Küçüktekören	23.1 a-m	25.8 a-e	23.8 a-l	24.2 ab	40.8 a-e	44.4 abc	38.0 a-f	41.1 a
3	Kurudere	25.2 a-g	23.9 a-l	25.1 a-h	24.7 a	43.8 abc	40.2 a-e	37.9 a-f	40.6 ab
4	Kumgeçit	20.1 h-m	21.6 c-m	20.7 f-m	20.8 f	36.7 a-f	33.8 c-f	34.3 b-f	34.9 bcd
5	Kültür Mah.	20.2 h-m	23.6 a-m	25.0 a-h	22.9 a-f	36.2 a-f	37.4 a-f	40.7 a-e	38.1 a-d
6	Ortaköy	24.7 a-i	23.2 a-m	22.2 b-m	23.4 a-e	42.9 abc	37.8 a-f	39.6 a-e	40.1 abc
7	Sarıçiçek-1	24.3 a-k	23.5 a-m	22.1 c-m	23.3 a-f	46.1 a	36.9 a-f	35.7 a-f	39.6 abc
8	Sarıçiçek-2	23.6 a-m	23.2 a-m	22.9 a-m	23.2 a-f	40.6 a-e	41.1 a-e	39.7 a-e	40.5 ab
9	Sarıçiçek-3	18.7 m	23.4 a-m	21.6 c-m	21.3 def	37.3 a-f	38.0 a-f	37.2 a-f	37.5 a-d
10	Yelesen	22.2 b-m	23.3 a-m	22.9 a-m	22.8 a-f	39.3 a-e	40.0 a-e	37.1 a-f	38.8 a-d
11	Çeltiksuyu-1	22.4 b-m	25.2 a-g	23.4 a-m	23.7 a-d	40.2 a-e	36.9 a-f	37.3 a-f	38.1 a-d
12	Çeltiksuyu-2	22.9 a-m	21.9 c-m	21.7 c-m	22.2 b-f	39.9 a-e	34.2 b-f	37.1 a-f	37.1 a-d
13	Çeltiksuyu-3	20.7 f-m	27.2 ab	24.2 a-k	24.0 abc	37.2 a-f	40.1 a-e	45.6 ab	41.0 a
14	Meşedalı-1	21.1 d-m	24.8 a-i	23.4 a-m	23.1 a-f	38.2 a-f	41.2 a-d	36.8 a-f	38.7 a-d
15	Meşedalı-2	20.8 e-m	23.6 a-m	25.0 a-h	23.2 a-f	37.6 a-f	42.1 a-d	40.2 a-e	40.0 abc
16	Servi	24.0 a-l	24.4 a-k	25.8 a-e	24.7 a	40.8 a-e	41.0 a-d	38.8 a-f	40.2 ab
17	Çevirme	22.6 a-m	23.4 a-m	22.8 a-m	22.9 a-f	40.2 a-e	41.2 a-d	41.9 a-d	41.1 a
18	Arslanbeyli	19.8 i-m	25.4 a-f	24.0 a-l	23.1 a-f	36.2 a-f	40.3 a-e	37.3 a-f	37.9 a-d
19	Mutluca	20.2 g-m	25.1 a-h	26.4 abc	23.9 abc	37.2 a-f	37.8 a-f	43.7 abc	39.6 abc
20	Bağliisa	19.7 j-m	26.1 a-d	26.4 abc	24.1 abc	35.9 a-f	41.3 a-e	45.9 a	41.0 a
21	Taşlıçay	19.7 klm	23.2 a-m	24.3 a-k	22.4 a-f	36.9 a-f	39.0 a-e	39.4 a-e	38.4 a-d
22	Şenköy-1	21.0 e-m	27.5 a	24.4 a-k	24.3 ab	38.0 a-f	43.0 abc	38.5 a-f	39.9 abc
23	Şenköy-2	21.6 c-m	24.7 a-i	21.8 c-m	22.7 a-f	38.1 a-f	38.2 a-f	35.3 a-f	37.2 a-d
24	Başbağ	21.8 c-m	20.3 g-h	23.0 a-m	21.7 c-f	38.1 a-f	29.4 ef	40.2 a-e	35.9 a-d
25	Bilensoy 80	20.6 f-m	19.2 lm	23.0 a-m	20.9 ef	37.7 a-f	27.5 f	38.0 a-f	34.4 cd
26	Gea	20.7 f-m	18.7 m	23.2 a-m	20.9 ef	36.8 a-f	27.5 f	35.7 a-f	33.3 d
27	Savaş	24.6 a-k	21.1 d-m	22.6 a-m	22.8 a-f	41.7 a-e	31.4 def	34.8 a-f	36.0 a-d
	Mean	21.8 B	23.6 A	23.6 A	23.0	39.0	37.9	38.8	38.6
	LSD (0.05)	Year (Y):0.53^, Genotype (G): 2.53^, Y x G : 5.01^**				Year (Y): not significant, Genotype (G): 5.76^, Y x G : 11.42^
		CV(%): 6.20, ^** P≤0.01				CV:%8.42, ^**P≤0.01

		----------------------------DDM (%)---------------------------				--------------------------------RFV----------------------------
	Populations	2016	2017	2018	Mean	2016	2017	2018	Mean
1	Garip	71.5 a-l	69.7 d-m	69.0 h-m	70.1 def	172.1 cde	156.1 de	157.1 cde	161.8 e
2	Küçüktekören	70.9 a-m	68.8 i-m	70.3 b-m	70.0 ef	161.9 cde	144.1 de	172.6 cde	159.6 e
3	Kurudere	69.3 g-m	70.3 b-m	69.4 f-m	69.6 f	147.8 de	164.0 cde	170.4 cde	160.8 e
4	Kumgeçit	73.2 a-f	72.1 a-k	72.8 a-h	72.7 a	186.8 b-e	199.0 a-e	199.4 a-d	195.1 abc
5	Kültür Mah.	73.2 a-f	70.5 a-m	69.5 f-m	71.0 a-f	188.4 b-e	176.2 b-e	159.9 cde	174.8 b-e
6	Ortaköy	69.6 e-m	70.8 a-m	71.6 a-l	70.7 b-f	152.3 de	175.2 b-e	170.6 cde	166.0 cde
7	Sarıçiçek-1	70.0 c-m	70.6 a-m	71.7 a-k	70.8 a-f	141.3 de	178.5 b-e	187.3 b-e	169.0 cde
8	Sarıçiçek-2	70.5 a-m	70.9 a-m	71.0 a-m	70.8 a-f	162.2 cde	161.9 cde	167.8 cde	164.0 de
9	Sarıçiçek-3	74.3 a	70.6 a-m	72.1 a-k	72.3 abc	186.4 b-e	174.2 b-e	182.5 b-e	181.0 a-e
10	Yelesen	71.6 a-l	70.8 a-m	71.0 a-m	71.1 a-f	170.5 cde	165.7 cde	180.7 b-e	172.3 cde
11	Çeltiksuyu-1	71.4 a-l	69.3 g-m	70.7 a-m	70.5 c-f	165.6 cde	175.0 b-e	179.4 b-e	173.4 b-e
12	Çeltiksuyu-2	71.1 a-m	71.8 a-k	72.0 a-k	71.6 a-e	165.7 cde	195.5 a-e	183.6 b-e	181.6 a-e
13	Çeltiksuyu-3	72.8 a-h	67.7 lm	70.1 c-m	70.2 def	182.4 b-e	157.1 cde	143.8 de	161.1 e
14	Meşedalı-1	72.5 a-j	69.6 e-m	70.7 a-m	70.9 a-f	178.4 b-e	157.3 cde	180.7 b-e	172.1 cde
15	Meşedalı-2	72.7 a-i	70.5 a-m	69.4 f-m	70.9 a-f	179.8 b-e	156.5 cde	161.1 cde	165.8 cde
16	Servi	70.2 b-m	69.9 c-m	68.8 i-m	69.6 f	160.2 cde	159.1 cde	167.8 cde	162.4 de
17	Çevirme	71.3 a-m	70.6 a-m	71.2 a-m	71.0 a-f	165.2 cde	161.1 cde	158.2 cde	161.5 e
18	Arslanbeyli	73.5 a-e	69.1 h-m	70.2 b-m	70.9 a-f	189.5 b-e	160.2 cde	175.8 b-e	175.1 b-e
19	Mutluca	73.1 a-g	69.4 f-m	68.3 klm	70.3 def	183.0 b-e	170.9 cde	146.0 de	166.6 cde
20	Bağliisa	73.6 a-d	68.6 j-m	68.3 klm	70.1 def	190.7 b-e	154.5 de	138.5 e	161.2 e
21	Taşlıçay	73.6 abc	70.8 a-m	70.0 c-m	71.5 a-f	185.9 b-e	170.0 cde	165.8 cde	173.9 b-e
22	Şenköy-1	72.5 a-i	67.5 m	69.9 c-m	70.0 ef	178.6 b-e	146.2 de	170.5 cde	165.1 de
23	Şenköy-2	72.0 a-k	69.6 e-m	71.9 a-k	71.2 a-f	177.3 b-e	169.8 cde	189.7 b-e	178.9 a-e
24	Başbağ	71.9 a-k	73.1 a-g	71.0 a-m	72.0 a-d	175.8 b-e	232.5 ab	166.8 cde	191.7 a-d
25	Bilensoy 80	72.9 a-h	74.0 ab	71.0 a-m	72.6 ab	181.2 b-e	251.0 a	174.4 b-e	202.2 ab
26	Gea	72.8 a-h	74.3 a	70.9 a-m	72.6 ab	184.9 b-e	253.7 a	185.9 b-e	208.1 a
27	Savaş	69.8 c-m	72.5 a-j	71.3 a-m	71.2 a-f	159.4 cde	215.4 abc	190.5 b-e	188.4 a-e
	Mean	71.9 A	70.5 B	70.5 B	71.0	173.1	177.1	171.4	173.8
	LSD (0.05)	Year (Y):0.41^, Genotype (G): 1.97^, Y x G : 3.90^*				Year (Y): not significant, Genotype (G): 29.9^, Y x G : 59.2^
		CV(%): 1.56, ^** P≤0.01				CV:%9.69, ^**P≤0.01