The association between muscle strength and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in adults and the younger segment of the older population in a city in the south of Brazil

Lima, Tiago Rodrigues de; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Kovaleski, Douglas Francisco; González-Chica, David Alejandro

doi:10.1590/1413-812320182311.27792016

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FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde colet. 23 (11) • Nov 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182311.27792016 copy

The association between muscle strength and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in adults and the younger segment of the older population in a city in the south of Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Adequate muscular strength is required to perform daily activitiesand is considered a marker of overall health. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with handgrip strength (HGS) in adults and the younger segment of the older population. A cross-sectional,population-based study was conducted with 705 individuals aged between 25 and 65 years in the city of Florianópolis, capital of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.HGS was assessed usinga manual hand dynamometer. Interviews were conducted with the participants to collect sociodemographic and lifestyle data.Multiple linear regressionwas performed to identify the predictors of HGS. The findings revealed that women and individuals from older age groups showed lower HGS, while being active during leisure time was associated with higher HGS.Interventions aimed at maintaining HGS levels in individuals should pay special consideration toaging and individuals who are physically inactive or insufficiently active during leisure time.

Muscle strength dynamometer; Epidemiology; Cross-sectional studies; Hand strength; Public health

Variáveis			Muscular strength (kgf)		Crude analysis

	n	Sample	Mean (SD)	ß^b	(CI95%)	p
Total	705		64.4 (22.3)
Sex (%, CI95%)
Male*	297	42.6 (38.0-47.3)	85.5 (17.2)
Female	408	57.4 (52.7-62.0)	49.0 (8.9)	-36.23	(-38.27; -34.18)	<0.001
Age (Mean, SD)	705	45.5 (11.3)	-	-0.33	(-0.45; -0.22)	<0.001
Income† (Mean, SD)	705	2.380.0 (2.411.0)	-	3.06	(1.45; 4.67)	<0.001
Sleep time (Mean, SD)	705	7.6 (1.6)	-	-0.25	(-1.39; 0.88)	0.659
Smoking (%, CI95%)
Never smoked‡,	379	56.3 (50.8-61.7)	62.2 (22.1)
Up to 10 cigarettes	50	7.7 (5.1-11.5)	61.5 (24.3)	-2.67	(-10.76; 5.42)	0.002
At least 11 cigarettes	54	9.3 (6.9-12.5)	61.2 (19.6)	-0.52	(-7.07; 6.02)
Ex-smoker	222	26.6 (21.9-31.9)	69.2 (22.0)	7.21	(2.82; 11.60)
PAleisure (%, CI95%)
Inactive§	331	50.6 (43.5-57.7)	61.0 (20.5)
Insufficiently active	157	21.6 (17.3-26.7)	67.3 (23.7)	7.14	(-2.71; 11.57)	0.002
Active	217	27.8 (21.8-34.5)	67.8 (23.2)	7.55	(2.68; 12.41)
PAgetting arounda (%, CI95%)
Inactive\|\|	359	57.1 (49.9-64.1)	70.1 (23.1)
Insufficiently active	128	29.2 (23.1-35.9)	60.5 (20.2)	-8.54	(-14.30; -2.79)	0.031
Active	68	13.7 (9.6-19.2)	65.2 (23.2)	-4.88	(-12.15; 2.38)
PAat work (%, CI95%)
Inactive¶	153	42.8 (35.9-50.1)	67.8 (23.1)
Active	133	27.6 (22.4-33.4)	66.1 (22.0)	-0.42	(-4.76; 3.92)	0.904
Very active	171	29.6 (23.0-37.1)	67.3 (23.0)	0.41	(-5.32; 6.14)
PAat home
Inactive**,	263	44.8 (39.0-50.8)	72.1 (22.4)
Insufficiently active	156	16.3 (12.8-20.3)	66.7 (25.6)	-5.41	(-10.88; 0.05)	<0.001
Active	286	38.9 (32.9-45.4)	56.0 (16.7)	-15.29	(-19.68; -10.9)

Variable		Adjusted analysis ††			Final model

	ß^a	% (CI95%)	p	ß^a	% (CI95%)	p
Female	-37.65	(-40.40; -34.90)	<0.001	-53.15	(-64.26; -42.04)	<0.001
Age (full years)*	-0.34	(-0.45; -0.22)	<0.001	-0.51	(-0.72; -0.30)	<0.001
Per capita monthly income (R$) †	0.20	(-1.30; 1.72)	0.788
Sex*age interaction				0.36	(0.15-0.58)	0.001
Sleep (hours)*	-0.08	(-0.81; 0.64)	0.823
Smoking
Up to 10 cigarettes	-0.54	(-4.84; 3.76)	0.844
At least 11 cigarettes	-1.95	(-6.30; 2.39)
Ex-smoker	0.39	(-1.81; 2.59)
PALeisure
Insufficiently active§	0.28	(-3.63; 4.19)	0.011	-0.18	(-3.97; 3.93)	0.013
Active	4.43	(1.15; 7.71)		4.06	(1.04; 7.07)
PAGetting around
Insufficiently active\|\|	-0.50	(-3.38; 2.36)	0.654
Active	-0.66	(-3.93; 2.61)
PAat work
Active¶	0.51	(-2.06; 3.08)	0.962
Very active	0.01	(-2.92; 2.93)
PAat home
Insufficiently active**	3.21	(-0.16; 6.59)	0.262
Active	1.59	(-1.29; 4.47)

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[1] Collaborations

TR Lima participated in the elaboration, analysis and interpretation of results and in the drafting of this manuscript. DF Kovaleski contributed to drafting and revising this manuscript. DAS Silva and DA González-Chica participated in the elaboration of results, statistical analysis, and the discussion and revision of this manuscript.