Experiment and learning in the affective and sexual life of young women from a favela in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with experience of clandestine abortion

Ferrari, Wendell; Peres, Simone; Nascimento, Marcos

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018239.11312018

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ARTICLES • Ciênc. saúde colet. 23 (9) • Sept 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018239.11312018 copy

Experiment and learning in the affective and sexual life of young women from a favela in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with experience of clandestine abortion

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This paper discusses the topic of first sexual intercourse in adolescence focusing on the course of ten young girls with experience of induced abortion living in a favela in Rio de Janeiro. The analysis uses the description of the process of entry into sexuality as a strategy to elucidate the context of pregnancy and the first clandestine abortion in the affective-sexual path of girls interviewed. The first sexual intercourse is a realm of sexuality and social life involving socialization, interpretation of rules and meanings, system of attitudes, ways of approximation, control and modeling of affections, emotions and gender relationships. The results showed that the age difference between couples in sexual initiation is significant, clarifying the context in which decisions on contraceptive methods, pregnancy and abortion were held. We noted that adolescents subject to difficult decisions about their sexuality and reproduction at a time of life where they still lack sexual and reproductive experience. The data collected show the importance of strengthening of public policies, discussions on gender and adolescent sexual and reproductive rights in many spheres of society, such as schools, family and other institutions.

First sexual intercourse; Youth; Gender; Sexual and reproductive health; Clandestine abortion

Name and age at interview	Ethnicity/Skin color and Religion	Schooling Occupation/Work	Family status
(1) 15 years	White. No religion.	10^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, 30 years, seamstress. Grandmother, 45, day laborer. Both Catholic.
(2) 16 years	Black. No religion.	7^th grade, elementary school. Not working	Living with mother, 33 years, hairdresser, sister, 19 years; and grandmother, 50 years, day laborer. Mother and grandmother Catholic.
(3) 16 years	Brown. No religion.	10^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, 30 years;grandmother, 45 years and aunt, 29 years. All day laborers and Catholic.
(4) 16 years	Brown. Catholic.	10^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, 36 years, restaurant cashier;father, 50 years, bricklayer; brother 18 years. Catholic parents.
(5) 16 years	Brown. Lapsed Catholic.	11^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, 40 years, housewife; father, 52 years, concierge; brother, 10 years. Catholic parents.
(6) 16 years	Black. No religion.	10^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, day laborer, 38 years; father, 42 years, bus driver, grandmother, 55 years and brother, 13 years. Evangelical parents.
(7) 17 years	Black. Lapsed Catholic.	11^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, 38 years, manicure; father, 40 years, bus driver; brother, 19 years. Catholic parents.
(8) 17 years	Black. No religion.	10^th grade, high school. Not working.	Living with mother, 35 years, domestic helper; father, 52, bricklayer; sister, 18 years. Evangelical parents.
(9) 17 years	Brown. Catholic.	12^th grade, high school. Not working	Living with mother, 32 years, hospital desk clerk; father, 47 years, taxi driver; brother, 15 years. Catholic parents.
(10) 17 years	Black. Syncretism.	Merchant. Stopped studying when she gave birth to her first child at age 15.	Living with mother, merchant, 55 years, and father, unemployed, 64 years. Catholic parents.

A First experiments			B First sexual intercourse, affective relationships and contraception					C Reproductive experience, relationships and clandestine abortion					D “Current” moment of contraception use
Familiarization in general not sexualized with the love life (kisses, caresses etc.). Result: 9 to 10 years			First sexual intercourse – age of first sexual intercourse, interactions between partners, type of partner, onset of contraception use Result: 11 to 15 years					First pregnancy, first child, first induced and clandestine abortion, abortion method, partner-couple interaction, contraception Result: 12 to 17 years (except for 10th adolescent who had a child at age 15)					Contraception after pregnancy and abortion
Name and age at interview	Age of pairs in 1st kisses and exchanges	Partner’s status on 1st kiss	Age of the couple in the first sexual intercourse	Partner’s status at 1st sexual intercourse	Partner’s pressure for first sexual intercourse	Obtaining information about sexuality and learning about contraception	Contraception used in first sexual intercourse	Contraception in the occurrence of the first pregnancy/ abortion	Age of couple at first pregnancy/abortion	The status of the partner in the occurrence of the pregnancy / abortion	Where abortion occurred	Who knew, helped and financed abortion	Contraception after the experience of pregnancy and abortion
(1) 15 years “I had sex with some 10 guys”	9 years	“Boy from school”	11 years	“Boyfriend” Relationship lasted 1 year	“He was asking all the time whether it was going to happen soon”	From TV, internet, friends, at age 12	Condom	Condom, infrequent use	14 years	“Dating”	Clandestine clinic located in a favela	She told her friends and asked for money from drug traffickers	She started taking contraceptive pills and “requiring” partners to use condoms
	15 years		18 years						23 years
	15 years		Interval 1 2 years
(2) 16 years “I had sex with some 15 guys”	11 years	“Boyfriend”	12 years	“Boyfriend” Relationship lasted 1 year	“He wanted me to prove to him that I was a virgin”	From friends, internet and sister, at age 12	Did not use	Did not use	12 years	“Dating”	Clandestine clinic located in the city’s outskirts	She told her partner, and he financed the abortion	Contraceptive pills and started “requiring” partners to use condoms
	30 years		12 years						12 years
			42 years						42 years
			Interval 1 1 year						Interval 2 0 years
(3) 16 years “I had sex with 3 guys”	12 years	“School hookup”	14 years	“Boyfriend” Relationship lasted 6 months	“He always said that he wanted to do it very much”	From friends, internet and sister, at age 14	Condom	Condom, infrequent use	15 years	“Dating”	Use of Cytotec at the partner’s home	She told her partner and friends. Partner paid for Cytotec	She did not have sex with anyone after the abortion: “But now I will require condom use”
	18 years		14 years						15 years
			20 years						20 years
									Interval 2 1 year
(4) 16 years “I had sex with 6 guys”	12 years	“Favela’s buddy”	13 years	“Boyfriend” Relationship lasted 8 months	“I knew he wanted to and it pressed me”	With friends and the internet, at the age of 12. At school, at the age of 14	Condom	Coitus interruptus and next-day pill	15 years	“Hookup”	Use of Cytotec in own home	Told friends and partner. Partner paid for Cytotec	“Now I always use condom; I take care of myself much more”
	13 years		13 years						15 years
			16 years						17 years
			Interval 1 1 year						Interval 2 2 years
(5) Larissa, 16 years “I had sex with some 10 guys”	10 years	“Boy from the same street”	13 years	“Boyfriend” Relationship lasted 8 months	“I said that it took me too much time”	Through magazines and the internet, at the age of 12	Condom	Irregular use of contraceptive pill	14 years	“Dating”	Clandestine clinic	Told friends and partner. Partner financed abortion	Used condom with “all” the guys after abortion, and “matured” a lot
	12 years		19 years						38 years
	12 years		Interval 1 3 years						Interval 2 1 year
(6) 16 years “I had sex with 5 guys”	10 years	“Boy at a beach party”	13 years	“Internet crush, never saw him again”	“I knew he would not like it if I did not do it.”	Internet at the age of 8, and school, at the age of 14	Did not use	Irregular use of contraceptive pill and “ten day-after pills”	15 years	“Hookup”	Clandestine clinic located in a favela	Told friends. Asked drug traffickers for money	Stressed that she “correctly” used contraceptives e took care of herself better after abortion
	16 years		15 years						19 years
	16 years		Interval 1 3 years						Interval 2 2 years
(7) 17 years “I had sex with some 10 guys”	10 years	“Friends’ acquain-tance at the beach”	14 years	“Party hookup, never saw him again”	“A lot of pressure.I regret the first time”	TV, internet andfriends, at the age of 12	Did not use	Irregular use of condom and “some 20 day-after pills”	15 years	Casual sexual intercourse	Clandestine clinic located in a favela	Told friends. Managed to borrow Money from adolescent friends	She said she began to “take care of herself” after the abortion; she “decided” on the use of condom after practice
	17 years		23 years						20 years
	17 years		Interval 1 4 years						Interval 2 1 years
(8) 17 anos “Transei com um só”	10 years	“First boyfriend”	11 years	“First and only boyfriend”	“He made a lot of promises to me”	School, friends and the internet, at the age of 12	Did not use	Irregular use of contraceptive pill	16 years	“Dating”	Use of Cytotec at the partner’s home	Told friends and partner. Partner paid for Cytotec	She did not have a relationship with anyone after the abortion
	19 years		20 years						25 years
	19 years		Interval 1 1 years
(9) 17 anos “Transei com cinco caras”	11 years	“Boy neighbor of my friend”	15 years	“A guy at a bar, never saw him again”	“Hookups put a lot of pressure in the beginning”	School, friends and the internet, at the age of 12	Condom	Condom, infrequent use	16 years	“Hookup”	Middle-class neighborhood clinic	Told friends. Asked drug traffickers for money	Started to “demand” partners to use condoms
	27 years		40 years						28 years
	27 years		Interval 1 4 years
(10) 17 anos “Transei com uns 8 caras”	9 years	“Random boy from school”	13 years	“Boyfriend”, Relationship lasted 6 months	“I always felt his pressure”	School, friends and the internet, at the age of 13	Did not use	Irregular use of condom and day-after pills	17 years	Casual sexual intercourse	Clinic located in a favela of the city	Told friends. She paid for the abortion because she worked	She did not have a relationship with anyone after the abortion
	9 years		20 years						23 years
	9 years		Interval 1 4 years						Interval 2 4 years

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[1] Collaborations

W Ferrari was responsible for the literature review, collection, organization and analysis of the empirical material of the research, preparation of the dissertation that resulted this article and final review of the article. S Peres by the orientation of the dissertation and joint organization in the discussion of the data and final revision of the article. M Birth by the coorientation of the dissertation and joint organization in the discussion of the data and final revision of the article.