Comprehensive care for women victims of violence

Alcantara, Patrícia Pereira Tavares de; Carneiro, Fernando Ferreira; Pessoa, Vanira Matos; Pinto, Antonio Germane Alves; Machado, Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa

doi:10.1590/1413-81232024299.08992023EN

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Sumário

ARTICLES REVIEW • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 29 (9) • Sept 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232024299.08992023EN copy

Comprehensive care for women victims of violence

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Violence against women is defined as any act resulting from gender relations that cause death or physical, sexual, psychological, property and moral harm. Comprehensive care requires professionals understanding the support network to guide and refer women victims of violence to services and to value complaints/anxieties. The objective of this study was to identify the scientific production of comprehensive care for women victims of violence. This is an integrative literature review. Data collection was performed via a paired and independent search by two researchers in the Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS, BDENF and SciELO databases between January and February 2023. After applying the eligibility criteria and descriptors in health sciences and medical subject headings, ten articles were retrieved. IRAMUTEQ software was used for data analyses. There are great challenges in implementing comprehensive care, and violence against women, as a serious social problem, demands health, education, social assistance and public security policies. The comprehensive actions taken in the care of women victims of violence demonstrate a strong link with the practices of reception and humanization, in addition to an interdisciplinary and intersectoral scope.

Key words:
Violence against women; Completeness; Careful

Strategy items	Components	Keywords MeSH	Keywords DeCS	Keywords EMTREE
Population	Women	Women	Women	Women
Variables	Violence	Violence Against Women/Battered Women	Violence against women/Abused women	Violence Against Women/Battered Women
Outcomes	Comprehensive care	Comprehensiveness in Health	Comprehensive health care	Comprehensiveness in Health

Database/virtual library
Search strategies	((Women) AND (“Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“ V”))
PubMed/MEDLINE	((Women) AND (“Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“V”))
BASELINE	Women AND “Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women” AND “Integrality in Health”
CINAHL	((Women) AND (“Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“Integrality in Health”))
Scopus	((Women) AND (“Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“Integrality in Health”))
Web of Science	(Women) AND (“Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“Integrality in Health”)
LILACS/BDENF	((Women OR Women) AND (“Violence against women” OR “women maltreated ” OR “Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“Integrality in health” OR “Integrality in Health”))
SciELO	((Women OR Women) AND (“Violence against women” OR “women maltreated ” OR “Violence Against Women” OR “Battered Women”) AND (“Integrality in health” OR “Integrality in Health”))

No.	Title of article	Year	Methodological design	Results
1	Confronting violence against women: Intersectoral articulation and comprehensive care	2014	Qualitative and exploratory research	The study showed that the intersectoral interconnectedness and the attention provided by services are elements that interfere in the fight against violence against women. Both elements are related to strengthening the network of care for women victims of violence. The study points to the need to know the attributions of other institutions and reaffirms the importance of connection among them.
2	Approach to women in situations of sexual violence from the perspective of bioethics	2018	Qualitative and exploratory research	Multiprofessional teams are faced with challenges in care approaches due to the lack of an appropriate environment and professionals to implement the integrality of care, as well as deficits in professional preparedness. There is underreporting of cases and resistance to attending cases of sexual violence. Intervention bioethics is needed to support interventional actions to transform the context and promote improvements in the approach to women in situations of sexual violence, highlighting the urgency of public policies and truly effective laws for the protection of women.
3	Public policies for the protection of women: Evaluation	2017	Estudo exploratório e descritivo	This study observed the evolution of Brazilian legislation and increase in interventions by the government to control violence. The service evaluated advocates the humanization of care, the principles of dignity, nondiscrimination, secrecy and privacy, avoiding the exposure and exhaustion of victims. Physical and gynaecological exams are performed, as well as other complementary tests such as serological tests and the collection of trace evidence to identify the aggressor, in addition to pharmaceutical assistance and multidisciplinary monitoring.
4	Practices of team professionals of family health aimed at women experiencing sexual violence	2017	Estudo exploratório e descritivo	This study found that sexual violence against women involves issues in the singular, particular and structural dimensions of objective reality, which should be addressed by health professionals. Assistance to women in situations of sexual violence can only be effective to the extent that there is intersectoral work, with clear and effective public policies and with adequate training of health professionals.
5	Comprehensive health care for women in situations of gender violence - an alternative to primary health care	2009	Qualitative and exploratory research	This study highlights the need for attention directed to sexual violence in Brazil and discusses a possibility of action in primary care as implemented at the Samuel B. Pessoa School Health Center. The actions proposed and integrated into the Program of Integral Attention to Women’s Health (PAISM) provide assistance for difficult family conflicts (CONFAD), conceptualized as a specific technique of detection, listening and qualified guidance, which characterize a technique of conversation as professional action. The authors discuss aspects related to the connection of the health sector with the intersectoral care network and its main challenges.
6	Domestic violence against women and the role professional in primary health care: An ethnographic study in Matinhos, Paraná, Brazil	2013	Qualitative research and ethnographic approach	This survey addressed care centred on biological precepts, focusing on physical injuries and medicalization and dialogue, active listening, psychosocial issues and the establishment of bonds, especially with community health workers. The scarcity of an official local structure for the management of domestic violence leads to action inscribed under the concept of reception, as recommended by the SUS, described in the literature, and verbalized at the UBS but little problematized.
7	Nursing care for women victims of sexual violence	2010	Descriptive/qualitative exploratory study	This study revealed that the care provided by nursing to a victim of sexual violence is still centred on the technicist model and that this care should be expanded to welcoming and humane care, allowing a relationship of sharing of values and emotions between being a caregiver and being cared for, with attention that transcends the sense of curing and treating, incorporating attitudes of solicitude, patience and concern.
8	Elements of integrality in practices of health professionals towards rural women victims of violence	2012	Exploratory and descriptive study	This study reveals not only the relational devices reception, bonding and dialogue but also the construction of collective actions through group activities as elements of care for rural users in situations of violence; these actions potentiate health promotion and individual and collective empowerment in the dimension of violent events.
9	Domestic violence against rural women: Care practices developed by community health agents	2018	Descriptive/qualitative exploratory study	The results revealed that the studied health professionals used relational care practices, such as dialogue, active listening and bonding, as well as practices related to the context itself and to the health service, such as guidance and teamwork. The community health workers found possibilities to identify and intervene in situations of domestic violence against rural women. However, they needed training and multidisciplinary and intersectoral support so that they could respond effectively to the biopsychosocial demands of this specific population.
10	Historical changes in the intersectoral network of services aimed at violence against women - São Paulo, Brazil	2020	Qualitative and exploratory research	The data showed that despite the expansion of assistance, defence and protection services for women, there are challenges regarding the integration of actions and interaction with professionals to seek a common care plan, considered the main foundation for network performance.

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[1] Chief editors:

Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo, Romeu Gomes, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva