Alcohol use disorder in people with infectious and chronic diseases and mental disorders: Brazil, 2015

Salles, Mariana; Bastos, Francisco Inacio; Costa, Giovanna Lucieri Alonso; Mota, Jurema Correa; Boni, Raquel B. De

doi:10.1590/1413-81232024299.01122023EN

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FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 29 (9) • Sept 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232024299.01122023EN copy

Alcohol use disorder in people with infectious and chronic diseases and mental disorders: Brazil, 2015

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Abstract

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and associated factors in Brazilian adults that reported chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), mental disorders (MDs), and infectious diseases (IDs). This was a secondary analysis of the 3^rd National Survey on Drug Use by the Brazilian Population in which the principal outcome was presence of AUD. Prevalence of AUD was estimated for three subgroups: individuals that reported NCDs, MDs, and IDs. Factors associated with AUD in each group were analyzed using logistic regression models. Of the 15,645 adults interviewed, 30.5% (95%CI: 29.4-31.5) reported NCDs, 17.6% (95%CI: 16.5-18.7) MDs, and 1.6% (95%CI: 1.2-1.9) IDs. Considering comorbidities, the analytical sample was 6,612. No statistically significant difference was found in the prevalence of AUD between individuals with NCDs (7.5% [95%CI: 6.1- 8.7]), MDs (8.4% [95%CI: 6.7-10.2]), and IDs (12.4% [95%CI: 7.0-17.8]). The main factors associated with AUD in all the groups were male sex and young adult age. Considering the high prevalence of AUD in all the groups, systematic screening of AUD is necessary in health services that treat NCDs, MDs, and IDs.

Key words:
Epidemiological surveys; Alcohol use disorder; Chronic diseases; Mental disorders; Infectious diseases

Variable	Category	Infectious diseases n = 249			Chronic diseases n = 5,219			Mental disorders n = 2,915
Variable	Category	N x 1,000	%	SE	N x 1,000	%	SE	N x 1,000	%	SE
Sex	Male	1,090	52.0	3.6	17,354	42.9	0.8	7,144	30.5	1.1
Sex	Female	1,007	48.0	3.6	23,090	57.1	0.8	16,250	69.5	1.1
Gender	Heterosexual	1,909	91.0	2.2	39,088	96.6	0.3	22,448	96.0	0.5
	LGBTQ+	124	6.0	2.0	301	0.7	0.2	273	1.2	0.3
	Doesn’t know/Doesn’t want to answer	63	3.0	1.1	1,055	2.6	0.3	673	2.9	0.4
Age group (years)	18 to 24	196	9.4	2.4	3,248	8.0	0.6	2,667	11.4	0.7
	25 to 34	449	21.4	3.4	5,013	12.4	0.5	4,533	19.4	0.8
	35 to 44	388	18.5	3.0	7,789	19.3	0.7	5,681	24.3	0.8
	45 to 54	504	24.1	3.8	11,147	27.6	0.7	5,774	24.7	0.9
	55 or more	557	26.6	3.2	13,245	32.7	0.7	4,736	20.2	0.9
Monthly income*	None/Up to BRL 1,500,00	1,156	55.1	4.2	20,602	50.9	1.2	12,055	51.5	1.5
Monthly income*	More than BRL 1,501,00	941	44.9	4.2	19,842	49.1	1.2	11,339	48.5	1.5
Color	White	1,055	50.3	5.3	18,620	46.0	1.2	11,865	50.7	1.5
Color	Nonwhite	1,042	49.7	5.3	21,824	54.0	1.2	11,529	49.3	1.5
Fixed partner	Yes	1,412	67.3	4.2	29,206	72.2	0.8	16,196	69.2	1.2
Fixed partner	No	685	32.7	4.2	11,238	27.8	0.8	7,198	30.8	1.2
Religion	None	197	9.4	2.3	2,558	6.3	0.4	1,401	6.0	0.5
	Catholic	1,177	56.1	3.8	25,187	62.3	1.0	14,395	61.5	1.3
	Evangelical/Protestant	589	28.1	3.1	10,848	26.8	0.9	6,415	27.4	1.2
	Other	134	6.4	1.9	1,850	4.6	0.3	1,182	5.1	0.5
Schooling	None to incomplete primary	752	35.9	3.8	17,087	42.2	1.1	8,527	36.4	1.3
	Complete primary to incomplete secondary	454	21.7	3.8	7,355	18.2	0.7	4,610	19.7	1.0
	Complete secondary or more	890	42.4	3.8	16,002	39.6	1.1	10,257	43.8	1.3
Self-rated health	Very Good/Good	1,019	48.6	3.9	18,743	46.3	1.0	10,660	45.6	1.3
Self-rated health	Fair/Bad/Very bad/Doesn’t know	1,078	51.4	3.9	21,701	53.7	1.0	12,734	54.4	1.3
How do you view yourself in relation to t alcohol use?	Abstemious/doesn’t drink/former drinker/occasional drinker/light drinker/social drinker	1,606	96.5	1.4	27,452	98.1	0.3	16,496	97.0	0.6
How do you view yourself in relation to t alcohol use?	Heavy drinker or alcoholic	58	3.5	1.4	540	1.9	0.3	508	3.0	0.6
Infectious disease	Yes	-	-	-	1,253	3.1	0.5	894	3.8	0.5
Infectious disease	No				39,191	96.9	0.5	22,500	96.2	0.5
Chronic disease	Yes	1,253	59.8	4.6	-	-	-	12,184	52.1	1.5
Chronic disease	No	844	40.2	4.6				11,210	47.9	1.5
Mental disorder	Yes	894	42.6	3.6	12,184	30.1	1.0	-	-	-
Mental disorder	No	1,203	57.3	3.6	28,260	69.9	1.0

Variable	Category	Infectious disease and AUD			Chronic disease and AUD			Mental disorder and AUD
		n = 30; N = 260,632			n = 336; N = 2,999,680			n = 220; N = 1,971,900
		%	95%CI	p value	%	95%CI	p value	%	95%CI	p value
Sex	Male	19.0	9.6-28.5	0.002	12.1	9.7-14.4	0.000	15.6	11.8-19.5	0.000
Sex	Female	5.3	1.2-9.3		3.9	3.0- 4.8		5.3	3.7- 6.8
Gender	Heterosexual	12.8	6.9-18.6	0.790	7.5	6.2- 8.8	0.066	8.4	6.6-10.1	0.088
	LGBTQ+	10.2	0.0-22.7		13.2	3.2-23.2		18.8	4.9-32.7
	Doesn’t know/Doesn’t want to answer	6.9	0.0-20.5		3.3	0.2- 6.5		6.3	1.1-11.5
Age group (years)	18 to 24	23.7	3.18-44.1	0.099	11.7	6.5-16.8	0.000	11.4	6.3-16.5	0.014
	25 to 34	18.2	3.2-33.2		11.1	7.3-14.8		10.6	7.5-13.8
	35 to 44	17.0	5.9-28.1		8.7	6.4-11.0		7.4	4.7-10.0
	45 to 54	9.1	1.4-16.7		7.7	5.5-9.9		9.7	6.3-13.0
	55 or older	3.6	0.0-8.8		4.0	2.9-5.2		4.4	2.3-6.6
Monthly income	None/ Up to BRL 1,500.00	15.0	7.0-23.0	0.253	6.9	5.5- 8.4	0.325	8.3	6.2-10.4	0.879
Monthly income	More than BRL 1,501.00	9.2	3.0-15.5		7.9	6.2- 9.7		8.5	6.3-10.8
Color	White	9.7	3.0-16.4	0.307	6.7	4.9- 8.4	0.27	8.7	6.6-10.8	0.728
Color	Nonwhite	15.2	7.2-23.1		8.0	6.3- 9.8		8.2	5.9-10.4
Fixed partner	Yes	8.7	3.2-14.1	0.034	6.7	5.2 - 8.2	0.037	7.3	5.5- 9.1	0.009
Fixed partner	No	20.2	9.6- 30.8		9.2	7.1-11.3		10.9	8.1-13.7
Religion	None	16.1	0.6-31.6	0.177	10.6	6.7-14.6	0.000	13.6	7.0-20.2	0.000
	Catholic	16	7.7-24.4		8.8	7.1-10.6		10.3	7.8-12.7
	Evangelical/Protestant	5.4	0.0-11.0		3.5	2.1- 4.9		3.6	2.1- 5.2
	Other	6.4	0.0-18.9		6.6	2.3-11.0		6.0	1.6-10.4
Schooling	Less than 8 years	14.3	6.6-21.9	0.637	5.8	5.0- 8.1	0.112	7.8	6.1-10.1	0.852
	8-12 years	10.2	2.8-17.5		8.4	6.8-11.5		8.8	6.4-11.5
	12 years or more	9.3	0.0-20.2		8.7	4.5-10.6		8.8	3.8-12.8
Self-rated health	Very good/Good	18.7	9.5-27.9	0.007	8.8	7.1-10.6	0.01	10.2	7.8-12.6	0.015
Self-rated health	Fair/ Bad/ Very bad	6.5	2.0-11.0		6.2	4.8- 7.6		6.9	5.0- 8.9
How do you view yourself in relation to alcohol use?	Abstemious/doesn’t drink/former drinker/occasional drinker/light drinker/social drinker	14.2	7.4-20.9	0.005	9.6	7.7-11.4	0.00	9.7	7.5-12.0	0.000
How do you view yourself in relation to alcohol use?	Heavy drinker or alcoholic	57.0	16.9-97.0		69.1	55.7-82.4		71.8	55.1-88.5
Infectious disease	Yes	-	-	-	9.4	3.6-15.2	0.434	13.5	4.7-22.3	0.161
Infectious disease	No				7.3	6.1-8.6		8.2	6.4-10.0
Chronic disease	Yes	9.4	3.6-15.2	0.145	-	-	-	7.4	5.6-9.4	0.939
Chronic disease	No	16.9	7.7-26.1					9.5	6.8-12.1
Disease mental	Yes	13.5	4.7-22.3	0.714	7.5	5.5-9.4	0.940	-	-	-
Disease mental	No	11.6	5.4-17.8		7.4	5.9-8.9

Variables	Subgroup infectious diseases	Subgroup chronic diseases	Subgroup mental disorders
Variables	AOR (95%CI)	AOR (95%CI)	AOR (95%CI)
Male vs. Female sex	5.58 (1.85-16.79)	3.50 (2.63-4.65)	3.15 (2.10-4.73)
Age (for each additional year)	0.95 (0.91-0.98)	0.97 (0.96-0.98)	0.99 (0.97-1.00)
No fixed partner	-	-	1.44 (1.02-2.04)
No religion vs. Catholic	-	0.85 (0.53-1.39)	1.02 (0.54-1.92)
Evangelical/Protestant vs. Catholic	-	0.36 (0.23-0.57)	0.32 (0.19-0.53)
Other Religion vs. Catholic	-	0.76 (0.35-1.65)	0.56 (0.24-1.30)
Infectious disease	-	1.22 (0.62-2.42)	1.80 (0.85-3.82)
Chronic disease	0.78 (0.29-2.14)	-	0.91 (0.59-1.41)
Mental disorder	2.20 (0.78-6.20)	1.32 (0.95-1.83)	-

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[1] Chief editors:

Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo, Romeu Gomes, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva