Category 1: Viral transmission reduction policies |
Identification of exposed contacts and prevention of recurrent exposure of infected patients |
Case management |
Transfer of cases to external health services |
5 |
16 |
4 |
31 |
9 |
20 |
Transfer of cases to another structured prison |
0 |
0 |
2 |
15 |
2 |
4 |
Test for release from quarantine |
1 |
3 |
1 |
8 |
2 |
4 |
Isolation and quarantine of confirmed cases |
10 |
31 |
12 |
92 |
22 |
49 |
Contact mana gement |
Professional screening |
7 |
22 |
2 |
15 |
9 |
20 |
Contact tracing |
4 |
13 |
4 |
31 |
8 |
18 |
Contact quarantine |
4 |
13 |
4 |
31 |
8 |
18 |
Interventions to increase adherence to case isolation and quarantines |
Entertainment |
0 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
1 |
2 |
Education and communication measures |
4 |
13 |
8 |
62 |
12 |
27 |
Interventions to identify infected individuals |
Passive identification |
Testing inmates with symptoms |
12 |
38 |
6 |
46 |
18 |
40 |
Testing professionals and visitors with symptoms |
13 |
41 |
4 |
31 |
17 |
38 |
Active identification |
Isolation of new admissions |
9 |
28 |
10 |
77 |
19 |
42 |
Isolation before released from prison |
3 |
9 |
2 |
15 |
5 |
11 |
Screening new admissions |
5 |
16 |
5 |
38 |
10 |
22 |
Testing professionals or asymptomatic visitors |
3 |
9 |
2 |
15 |
5 |
11 |
Testing asymptomatic inmates |
3 |
9 |
1 |
8 |
4 |
9 |
Screening strategy by signs and symptoms |
7 |
22 |
8 |
62 |
15 |
33 |
Prevention of the population susceptible to viral exposure |
Encourage individual hygiene measures |
Provision of PPE for prisoners and workers |
15 |
47 |
10 |
77 |
25 |
56 |
Supply of water, soap, and disinfectant |
7 |
22 |
5 |
38 |
12 |
27 |
Provision of PPE for visitors |
1 |
3 |
1 |
8 |
2 |
4 |
Increased time spent outdoors |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Health education campaigns |
4 |
13 |
5 |
38 |
9 |
20 |
Prison hygiene measures |
Disinfection of cells and common areas |
9 |
28 |
6 |
46 |
15 |
33 |
|
|
Restricted mobility |
Restriction/suspension of transfers between prisons |
8 |
25 |
7 |
54 |
15 |
33 |
Transfer of prisoners without COVID-19 to another unit |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Suspension/restriction of new admissions |
5 |
16 |
5 |
38 |
10 |
22 |
Hearing restriction |
8 |
25 |
3 |
23 |
11 |
24 |
Restriction of external queries |
6 |
19 |
5 |
38 |
11 |
24 |
Suspension/restriction of family or lawyer visits |
29 |
91 |
12 |
92 |
41 |
91 |
Restriction/suspension of collective activities |
11 |
34 |
10 |
77 |
21 |
47 |
Restriction of internal movement in prison |
5 |
16 |
3 |
23 |
8 |
18 |
Social distancing |
Increased period of temporary leave granted |
0 |
0 |
3 |
23 |
3 |
7 |
Desincarceration |
29 |
91 |
10 |
77 |
39 |
87 |
Use of alternatives to incarceration |
7 |
22 |
5 |
38 |
12 |
27 |
Destination of prison to receive people with COVID-19 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
15 |
3 |
7 |
Division of the prison into cohorts: case area, isolation area, observation area, and general area |
1 |
3 |
5 |
38 |
6 |
13 |
Use of individual cells for isolation |
0 |
0 |
2 |
15 |
2 |
4 |
Increased space between beds in cells |
0 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
1 |
2 |
Adoption of individual cells |
0 |
0 |
5 |
38 |
5 |
11 |
Separation of space for quarantine and isolation |
9 |
28 |
5 |
38 |
14 |
31 |
CAT |
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
EDE (n = 32) |
AE (n = 13) |
Total (n = 45) |
Absolute |
Relative (%) |
Absolute |
Relative (%) |
Absolute |
Relative (%) |
Category 2: Prison infrastructure improvement policies |
Infrastructure and technology |
Expanding testing capacity |
Acquisition of equipment, reagents, and tests |
3 |
10 |
1 |
7 |
4 |
9 |
Access to communication technologies |
Teleconsulting |
2 |
7 |
4 |
27 |
6 |
13 |
Remote educational and leisure activities |
1 |
3 |
4 |
27 |
5 |
11 |
IT system installation |
0 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
1 |
2 |
Availability of telephone or calls |
5 |
17 |
12 |
80 |
17 |
38 |
Virtual hearing |
6 |
20 |
9 |
60 |
15 |
33 |
Availability of device or internet |
4 |
13 |
9 |
60 |
13 |
29 |
Prison basic sanitation |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Increased cell ventilation |
2 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
4 |
Food quantity and quality assurance |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Health care infrastructure |
COVID-19 center facility in the prison |
1 |
3 |
5 |
33 |
6 |
13 |
Ensuring free access to health services |
1 |
3 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
4 |
Expanded operating time of the prison health service |
0 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
1 |
2 |
Equip the units' health centers |
1 |
3 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
4 |
Increased availability of health technologies |
Vaccine |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Medicines |
1 |
3 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
4 |
Medical devices |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Human Resources |
Increased number of professionals |
Recruitment of new workers |
3 |
10 |
5 |
33 |
8 |
18 |
Change in work schedule |
5 |
17 |
5 |
33 |
10 |
22 |
Professional training |
Permanent education for workers |
1 |
3 |
2 |
13 |
3 |
7 |
Prison inspection team |
0 |
0 |
2 |
13 |
2 |
4 |
Flows with municipal health services for the care of workers |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Category 2: Prison infrastructure improvement policies |
Health service processes |
Collaborative work |
Adopting Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines |
5 |
17 |
6 |
40 |
11 |
24 |
Joint coordination between the local public health system, justice system, and prison |
3 |
10 |
6 |
40 |
9 |
20 |
Sharing information and physical resources between prisons |
1 |
3 |
3 |
20 |
4 |
9 |
Health surveillance |
Training and use of epidemiological surveillance tool |
1 |
3 |
3 |
20 |
4 |
9 |
Detailed record of movement inside the prison |
2 |
7 |
1 |
7 |
3 |
7 |
Inmate training for contact tracing |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Monitoring viral RNA in wastewater |
0 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
1 |
2 |
Case and death surveillance |
4 |
13 |
3 |
20 |
7 |
16 |
Establishing a contact tracing center |
0 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
1 |
2 |