Influência espacial sobre o consumo alimentar qualitativo em Colômbia

Rodríguez, Diana E. Forero; Moraes, Milena Lima de

doi:10.1590/1413-812320212612.25702020

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FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 26 (12) • Dez 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320212612.25702020 copiar

Influência espacial sobre o consumo alimentar qualitativo em Colômbia

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

A localização espacial é um fator que pode facilitar o consumo de alimentos processados devido à facilidade de acesso, principalmente em populações altamente urbanizadas e com alta densidade populacional. Este estudo apresenta as diferenças no consumo alimentar em populações com diferentes densidades, características urbanas e rurais e renda maior ou menor de 10 dólares. A amostra foi de 2.130 indivíduos em 9 populações que incluíam a capital da Colômbia, municípios médios próximos à capital, municípios da área metropolitana e cidades rurais pequenas. Os resultados confirmam que os alimentos processados e ultraprocessados são mais consumidos nas cidades e áreas urbanas em relação aos municípios rurais e pequenos, além disso há diferenças no consumo geradas pela renda.

Palavras-chave:
Consumo de alimentos; Colômbia; Análise espacial

Features		Small villages	Capital city	Outlying medium sized municipalities	Metropolitan area municipalities	p-value
Demography
	Age in years, mean (SD)	40.3 (14,8)	36.3 (13.9)	38.4 (12.11)	36.8 (15.6)	0.021^a
	Female (%)	50.0	63.3	58.3	71.3	0.00
Income
	<$10 per day (%)	82.6	65.0	83.0	65.5	0.00
	>$10 per day (%)	17.4	35.0	17.0	34.5
Family composition
	Only adults (%)	37.6	34.7	31.4	33.7	0.06
	Adults with children (%)	62.4	65.3	68.6	66.3
Family size, mean (SD)		2.72 (1.80)	3.1 (1.7)	2.98 (1.62)	3.17 (1.57)	0.08

	%	OR	95%CI	p-value		%	OR	95%CI	p-value
Milk					Dairy products
Small villages	73.7	-	-	-	Small villages	38.9	-	-	-
Capital city	78.0	1.12	0.79-1.58	0.51	Capital city	68.3	3.43	2.5-4.72	0.000
Outlying medium sized municipalities	81.5	1.07	0.62-1.85	0.804	Outlying medium sized municipalities	78.7	6.24	3.5-11.1	0.000
Metropolitan area municipalities	89.7	2.45	1.43-4.21	0.001	Metropolitan area municipalities	65.6	6.25	1.89-4.5	0.000
Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.13	0.89-1.44	0,31	Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.17	0.93-1.46	0.17
Eggs					Animal protein
Small villages	89.5	-	-	-	Small villages	76.8	-	-	-
Capital city	93.4	0.63	0.39-1.04	0.071	Capital city	83.6	1.44	0.98-2.1	0.06
Outlying medium sized municipalities	75.0	0.41	0.21-0.79	0.008*	Outlying medium sized municipalities	83.3	1.26	0.68-2.36	0.45
Metropolitan area municipalities	89.2	1.08	0.55-2.12	0.83	Metropolitan area municipalities	92.8	3.33	1.71-6.48	0.000
Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.96	0.72-1.27	0.76	Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.38	1.02-1.86	0.04*
Processed meat					Legumes
Small villages	30.5	-	-	-	Small villages	62.6	-	-	-
Capital city	54.4	2.7	1.93-3.7	0.000	Capital city	66.6	1.29	0.82-1.27	0.11
Outlying medium sized municipalities	77.8	7.63	4.3-13.4	0.000	Outlying medium sized municipalities	71.3	1.6	0.94-1.79	0.08
Metropolitan area municipalities	47.7	1.98	1.3-3.07	0.000	Metropolitan area municipalities	54.9	0.78	0.51-1.19	0.26
Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.93	0.75-1.14	0.47	Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.02	0.82-1.27	0.83
Cereals					Tubercles
Small villages	80.0	-	-	-	Small villages	78.4	-	-	-
Capital city	84.4	1.69	1.15-2.5	0.008	Capital city	82.0	1.36	0.94-1.98	0.11
Outlying medium sized municipalities	93.5	3.53	1.51-8.24	0.004	Outlying medium sized municipalities	78.2	1.16	0.64-2.11	0.63
Metropolitan area municipalities	92.3	3.5	1.78-6.81	0.000	Metropolitan area municipalities	86.7	1.92	1.1-3.38	0.02
Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.72	0.54-0.96	0.025	Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.96	0.73-1.25	0.73
Vegetables					Whole fruit
Small villages	68.9	-	-	-	Small villages	63.2	-	-	-
Capital city	68.7	0.97	0.69-1.36	0.85	Capital city	74.9	1.84	1.3-2.55	0.000
Outlying medium sized municipalities	74.1	1.19	0.69-2.04	0.54	Outlying medium sized municipalities	91.7	7.5	3.3-17.2	0.000
Metropolitan area municipalities	71.3	1.07	0.67-1.69	0.79	Metropolitan area municipalities	70.9	2.05	1.3-3.3	0.003
Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.47	1.16-1.86	0.001*	Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.19	0.93-1.53	0.18
Fruit juice					Sugar
Small villages	73.7	-	-	-	Small villages	52.6	-	-	-
Capital city	78.3	1.29	0.9-1.84	0.16	Capital city	70.7	2.11	1.54-2.89	0.000
Outlying medium sized municipalities	88.0	3.11	1.5-6.5	0.002	Outlying medium sized municipalities	79.6	3.5	1.98-6.2	0.000
Metropolitan area municipalities	75.4	1.07	0.66-1.74	0.78	Metropolitan area municipalities	77.9	3.03	1.9-4.8	0.000
Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.12	0.87-1.45	0.365	Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.03	0.82-1.29	0.8
Packaged snacks					Junk food
Small villages	15.8	-	-	-	Small villages	18.9	-	-	-
Capital city	38.1	3.28	2.17-4.95	0.000	Capital city	37.9	2.62	1.78-3.86	0.000
Outlying medium sized municipalities	67.6	11.5	6.42-20.54	0.000	Outlying medium sized municipalities	55.6	5.44	3.16-9.35	0.000
Metropolitan area municipalities	26.2	1.66	0.98-2.82	0.061	Metropolitan area municipalities	16.4	0.77	0.45-1.35	0.36
Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.08	0.87-1.34	0.5	Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.98	0.79-1.22	0.88
Ice Cream					Traditional sweetened beverages
Small villages	23.2	-	-	-	Small villages	77.9	-	-	-
Capital city	35.9	2.04	1.42-2.94	0.000	Capital city	76.4	0.99	0.68-1.44	0.96
Outlying medium sized municipalities	59.3	5.26	3.09-8.96	0.000	Outlying medium sized municipalities	87.0	2.07	1.03-4.17	0.041
Metropolitan area municipalities	23.6	0.97	0.59-1.6	0.91	Metropolitan area municipalities	75.9	0.9	0.55-1.48	0.7
Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.94	0.76-1.17	0.6	Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.75	0.59-0.95	0.016*
Carbonated sweetened beverages					Alcoholic beverages
Small villages	44.7	-	-	-	Small villages	21.6	-	-	-
Capital city	51.9	1.31	0.96-1.8	0.093	Capital city	18.3	0.79	0.54-1.16	0.24
Outlying medium sized municipalities	66.7	2.07	1.25-3.43	0.005	Outlying medium sized municipalities	37.0	1.82	1.05-3.15	0.032
Metropolitan area municipalities	44.6	0.92	0.61-1.4	0.7	Metropolitan area municipalities	10.8	0.39	0.21-0.74	0.003*
Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.89	0.72-1.1	0.28	Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.99	0.75-1.3	0.91
Beverage with zero calories					Low calories or dietetic foods
Small villages	63.7	-	-	-	Small villages	8.9	-	-	-
Capital city	77.0	1.32	0.94-1.86	0.107	Capital city	15.4	1.82	1.06-3.1	0.029
Outlying medium sized municipalities	83.3	4.47	2.1-9.5	0.000	Outlying medium sized municipalities	25.0	3.7	1.9-7.26	0.000
Metropolitan area municipalities	82.1	1.29	0.8-2.05	0.291	Metropolitan area municipalities	13.3	1.4	0.72-2.84	0.31
Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.13	0.9-1.5	0.29	Income <US10 per day	73.3	1.01	0.75-1.34	0.99
Vegetable mixes
Small villages	20.0	-	-	-
Capital city	21.9	1.18	0.8-1.72	0.42
Outlying medium sized municipalities	14.8	0.65	0.33-1.27	0.2
Metropolitan area municipalities	13.8	0.61	0.34-1.08	0.09
Income <US10 per day	73.3	0.64	0.49-0.85	0.002

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E-mail: cienciasaudecoletiva@fiocruz.br

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[1] Collaborations

DEF Rodriguez worked on conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, supervision, validation, writing-original draft, writing-review and editing. ML Moraes worked on data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, writing-review and editing.