Foster care time and characteristics of adolescents under foster care by type of institutional services. Recife, Brazil, 2009-2013

Acioli, Raquel Moura Lins; Barreira, Alice Kelly; Lima, Maria Luiza Carvalho de; Assis, Simone Gonçalves de; Lima, Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018242.06402017

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Article • Ciênc. saúde colet. 24 (2) • Feb 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018242.06402017 copy

Foster care time and characteristics of adolescents under foster care by type of institutional services. Recife, Brazil, 2009-2013

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze foster care time and characteristics of adolescents in the institutional foster care services in the city of Recife. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The study population consisted of all adolescents under foster care in the city of Recife-PE, in the period 2009-2013. The information was retrieved by consulting the Individual Assistance Plans (IAP), with 1,300 analyzed plans. Variables were categorized and described from absolute and relative frequency. Pearson's chi-square test was used to verify the association between variables, with a significance level of 0.05. Three types of services were observed: for adolescents who are victims of violence and neglect; at-risk with/without drug use; and with special needs. A predominance of older male adolescents, with lower school attendance, greater use of psychotropic substances, involved with socio-educational measures, suffering death threats and with a higher number of service entries-exits was observed. We can conclude that the different profiles of foster care services should be addressed and investigated in a particular way because they show different difficulties related to the establishment of efficient public policies.

Key words
Shelter; Adolescent; Institutionalized population

Variables		Violence and neglect^* * All the reasons for the entry-exit of adolescents who entered and left more than once were accounted for. ^ Fisher's Exact Test.		Risk situation		Special needs		Total
Variables		N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	P- value
Gender
	Female	354	48.6	237	43.6	5	19.2	596	45.9
	Male	375	51.4	307	56.4	21	80.8	703	54.1
	Total	729	100	544	100	26	100	1299	100	0.004
Age
	12-14 years	335	51.9	149	30.8	8	44.4	492	42.9
	15- 18 years	310	48.1	334	69.2	10	55.6	654	57.1
	Total	645	100	483	100	18	100	1146	100	0.000
Non-dismissal of family power
	Yes	381	87.2	377	95.4	14	53.8	772	90
	Total	437	100	395	100	26	100	858	100	0.000

Variables		Violence and neglect		Risk situation		Special needs		Total
Variables		N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	P- value
Referred by
	Court order	223	31.4	103	19.7	12	48.0	338	26.8	0.000
	Transfer	35	4.9	43	8.2	0	0	78	6.2	0.026
	Guardianship Council	440	61.9	349	66.6	13	52.0	802	63.7	0.110
	Other support programs	13	1.8	29	5.5	0	0	42	3.3	0.002^ Fisher's Exact Test.
	Total	711	100.0	524	100.0	25.0	100	1260	100.0
School attendance
	Yes	175	57.2	89	18.1	5	20.0	269	32.7	0.000
	Total	306	100.0	492	100.0	25.0	100.0	823	100.0
Use of psychotropic substance
	Yes	145	47.2	426	92.4	0	0	571	72.0	0.000
	Total	307	100.0	461	100.0	25.0	100.0	793	100.0
Socio-educational measure
	Yes	77	25.5	286	73.0	0	0	363	50.5	0.000
	Total	302	100.0	392	100.0	25.0	100.0	719	100.0
Death threat
	Yes	40	27.4	242	87.4	0	0	282	62.8	0.000
	Total	146	100.0	277	100.0	26	100.0	449	100.0

Variables		Violence and neglect		Risk situation		Special needs		Total
Variables		N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	P- value
Number of entries		n (726)		n (540)		n (26)		n (1296)
	1 entry	602	82.9	294	54.4	20	76.9	916	70.9	0.000
	2- 5 entries	113	15.6	152	28.1	6	23.1	271	21	0.000
	Over 5 entries	11	1.5	94	17.4	0	0	105	8.1	0.000
Foster time
	0- 30 days	381	53.8	319	61.2	8	30.8	708	56.4	0.001
	31 days – 6 months	184	26.0	159	30.5	4	15.4	347	27.6	0.079
	6 months – 2 years	107	15.1	40	7.7	3	11.5	150	12.0	0.000
	Over 2 years	36	5.1	3	0.6	11	42.3	50	4.0	0.000
	Total	708	100	521	100	26	100	1255	100

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[1] Collaborations

RML Acioli worked on the design and design of the study, on the analysis and interpretation of the data, drafted the first version of the article and the critical revision; AK Barreira, MLC Lima, SA Gonçalves and MLLT Lima worked on data analysis and critical review.