The presence of tuberculosis in the upper Rio Negro region (Brazil) dates to the early 20th century. A retrospective survey of medical records in two clinics (one from 1977 and the other from 1990) showed 699 cases, with an extremely high annual incidence rate of over two per thousand, predominantly pulmonary cases, and distribution of the disease among all age groups. Data on compliance with outpatient treatment are not reliable. In the present context of deteriorating environmental and socioeconomic conditions among Indians, tuberculosis incidence may increase. Control of this disease could be enhanced by improving living conditions and health services for indigenous peoples.
Tuberculosis; Incidence; Indians; Epidemiology; Health Services
