UM ESCRUTÍNIO CARREGADO DE INTERPRETAÇÃO DAS PERSPECTIVAS DOS PROFISSIONAIS SOBRE OS DESAFIOS DA TRADUÇÃO

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
1	It is challenging to translate Persian contracts into English and vice versa.			7	13	1	17	22
			Percentage	11.67%	21.67%	1.67%	28.33%	36.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)		Count	N
12	68	1	22	8.24	10.23902		5	60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
2	I sometimes find the structure of sentences quite long and difficult for me when translating contracts between English and Persian.			4	5	2	22	27
			Percentage	6.67%	8.33%	3.33%	36.67%	45%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)		Count	N
12	134.5	2	27	11.59	14.40009		5	60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
3	text layout constitutes a great difficulty for me when translating contracts between English and Persian.			13	15	2	17	13
3			Percentage	21.67%	25%	3.33%	28.33%	21.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)		Count	N
12	34	2	17	5.83	7.24008		5	60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
4	Culture-specific terms are always challenging for me in translating contracts between English and Persian.			5	7	0	19	29
			Percentage	8.33%	11.67%	0%	31.67%	48.33%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	139	0	29	11.78	14.63900	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
5	Punctuation and capitalization cause many difficulties for me when translating contracts between English and Persian.			22	27	0	7	4
			Percentage	36.67%	45%	0%	11.67%	6.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	139.5	0	27	11.81	14.66530	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A		SA
6	Translating modal verbs, i.e. shall, will, must, may, etc. is one of the challenges in translation.			14	13	1	17		15
			Percentage	23.33%	21.67%	1.67%	28.33%		25%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	40	1	17	6.32	7.85297	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
7	Tenses used in contracts create difficulty for me when translating between English and Persian.			10	7	4	21	18
			Percentage	16.67%	11.67%	6.67%	35%	30%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	52.5	4	21	7.24	8.99671	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
8	It is difficult for me to understand French and Latin words when translating contracts between English and Persian.			6	5	43	19	27
			Percentage	10%	8.33%	5%	31.67%	45%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	110	3	27	10.48	13.02268	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
9	It is difficult for me to understand contracts when translating between English and Persian.			16	14	0	12	18
			Percentage	16.67%	11.67%	6.67%	35%	30%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	50	0	18	7.0710	8.77989	5		60

N	Statement			SD	D	N	A	SA
10	I find it difficult to find suitable equivalent to terms when translating contracts between English and Persian.			9	8	2	14	27
			Percentage	15%	13.33%	3.33%	23.33%	45%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	88.5	2	27	9.40	11.68088	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
11	I find concepts in contracts difficult for me when translating contracts between English and Persian.			8	17	0	22	13
			Percentage	13.33%	28.33%	0%	36.67%	21.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	71.5	0	22	8.4557	10.49922	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
12	I find abbreviations difficult when translating contracts between English and Persian.			14	7	2	18	19
			Percentage	23.33%	11.67%	3.33%	30%	31.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	53.5	2	19	7.3143	9.08198	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
13	I find binomial expressions and parallel structures, i.e. direct or supervise, liable and responsible, generally and specifically, etc. difficult when translating contracts between English and Persian.			13	17	5	14	11
			Percentage	21.67%	28.33%	8.33%	23.33%	18.33%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	20	5	17	4.4721	5.55289	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
14	I find it difficult to translate multiple negatives when translating contracts between English and Persian.			9	9	2	19	21
			Percentage	15%	15%	3.33%	31.67%	35%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	62	2	21	7.874	9.7768	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A	SA
15	It is challenging to translate words and expressions, i.e. hereinafter, hereto, hereby, aforesaid, whosoever, herein, etc. when translating contracts between English and Persian.			10	13	0	13	24
			Percentage	16.67%	21.67%	0%	21.67%	40%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	73.5	0	24	8.572	10.645	5		60

N	Item			SD	D	N	A		SA
16	It is difficult to translate doublets, i.e. will and bequests, aid and abet, cease and desist, last will and testament, etc. when translating contracts between English and Persian.			9	8	4	17		22
			Percentage	15%	13.33%	6.67%	28.33%		36.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count		N
12	53.5	4	22	7.3143	9.08198	5		60

Different Translations
Sentence	Item		Sometimes	Never	Always
How often do you translate the following?	A. Contracts and text.		12	1	7
		Percentage	58.33%	5%	36.67%
	B.Commercial contracts and agreements.		5	2	13
		Percentage	26.67%	8.33%	65%
	C. Political agreements and treaties		9	3	8
		Percentage	46.67%	13.33%	40%
	D. Personal documents, i.e. birth, marriage, school, etc.		12	3	5
		Percentage	58.33%	16.67%	25%
	E. Administrative and organizational documents i.e. minutes of meeting, rules and regulations, business letters, etc.		4	2	14
		Percentage	21.67%	8.33%	70%
	F. Legislations, constitutions, court pleadings, etc.		11	3	6
		Percentage	55%	13.33%	31.67%

Main challenges
N	Item				Linguistic	culture-related	Lexical knowledge	grammar	translator’s knowledge
1	In your opinion, what are the main challenges that translation practitioners might face when translating texts?				5	6	3	4	2
1				Percentage	25%	31.67%	16.67%	20%	6.67%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)		Count		N
12	31.5	4	19	5.6124	6.96882		5		60

Specific Strategies
N	Statement			Legal dictionaries	Colleagues	The internet websites	Legal drafters	Google translators	Babylon translator	Parallel texts
1	Which specific strategies are particularly important in overcoming these difficulties and challenges?			6	1	3	2	3	4	1
			Percentage	31.67%	6.67%	15%	8.33%	15%	18.33%	5%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)			Count		N
8.571	29.9523	3	19	5.4728	5.06156			7		60

Level of Difficulty
N	Statement				English into Persian	Persian into English
1	What is the level of difficulty do you encounter in the translation of contracts from English to Persian compared to the translation from Persian to English; please provide rating 1-5?				3	5
			Percentage		37.50%	62.50%
Mean	Variance	Minimum	Maximum	SD	Confidence Level (95.0%)	Count
4	2	3	5	1.4142	12.7062	2

Brasil