Effect of seed maturation stages on physical properties and antioxidant activity in flaxseed ( <i>Linum usitatissimum L</i>.)

HERCHI, Wahid; BAHASHWAN, Saleh; TRABELSI, Hajer; SEBEI, Khaled; BOUKHCHINA, Sadok

doi:10.1590/1678-457X.6688

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Research Paper • Food Sci. Technol (Campinas) 35 (4) • Oct-Dec 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.6688 copy

Effect of seed maturation stages on physical properties and antioxidant activity in flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The changes in flaxseed constituents at different stages of maturity are reported. The physical properties and antioxidant activity of flaxseed oil during flaxseed development have been evaluated. Continuous decrease in total polyphenol content during flaxseed development. All the results showed no significant differences between HPLC-MS and TLC for quantitative determination of phospholipids classes. The fatty acid compositions of individual phospholipids were also reported. The antioxidant activity of oilseed was assessed by means of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The test demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of the flaxseed oil was found to be harvesting time-dependant.

Keywords:
physical properties; antioxidant activity; total polyphenol content; flaxseed oil; HPLC-MS; maturation

Properties/DAF	17	14	21	28	35	42	49	56
Length (mm)	1.94±0.02^a	2.30±0.02^a	3.26±0.02^a	5.00±0.03^a	5.24±0.03^a	6.00±0.04^a	6.10±0.04^a	6.10±0.05^a
Width (mm)	1.10±0.01^a	1.13±0.01^a	1.66±0.01^a	2.60±0.02^a	2.70±0.01^a	3.00±0.02^a	3.00±0.02^a	3.00±0.02^a
Thickness (mm)	0.42±0.01^a	0.76±0.01^a	0.80±0.01^a	0.84±0.01^a	0.86±0.01^a	0.92±0.01^a	0.94±0.01^a	0.96±0.02^a
Dg	0.96±0.01^a	1.25±0.01^a	1.63±0.01^a	2.22±0.02^b	2.30±0.02^b	2.55±0.02^b	2.58±0.02^b	2.60±0.02^b
Da	1.15±0.01^a	1.40±0.01^a	1.91±0.02^a	2.81±0.02^b	2.93±0.02^b	3.31±0.02^b	3.35±0.03^b	3.35±0.03^b
Aspect ratio (R_a)	56.70±2.18^a	41.85±1.43^b	50.92±1.62^a	52.00±2.48^a	51.53±1.54^a	50.00±1.78^b	49.18±1.49^b	49.18±1.25^b
Seed Weight (mg)	1.60±0.02^a	2.80±0.04^a	5.20±0.04^a	6.40±0.02^a	9.40±0.02^b	10.70±0.06^b	10.60±0.05^b	10.50±0.02^b
Seed count (seeds/kg)	589000^a	358000^a	193000^b	157000^b	107000^b	94000^b	96000^b	97000^b
Surface Area (S) (mm²)	2.89±0.03^a	4.91±0.03^a	8.34±0.04^a	15.48±0.05^b	16.61±0.04^b	20.42±0.06^b	20.90±0.05^b	21.23±0.05^b
Sphericity (Ø)	0.50±0.01^a	0.54±0.01^a	0.50±0.02^a	0.44±0.01^a	0.44±0.01^a	0.43±0.01^a	0.42±0.02^a	0.42±0.01^a
Seed volume (V) (mm³)	0.29±0.04^a	0.65±0.03^a	1.37±0.03^a	3.36±0.07^b	3.71±0.08^b	5.02±0.06^b	5.22±0.08^b	5.36±0.10^b
Oblate spheroid (V_osp) (mm³)	1.23±0.03^a	1.54±0.02^a	4.70±0.03^a	17.69±0.08^b	20.00±0.10^b	28.26±0.14^b	28.26±0.14^b	28.26±0.14^b
Ellipsoid shapes (V_ellip) (mm³)	0.47±0.01^a	1.02±0.02^a	2.27±0.02^a	5.72±0.04^b	6.37±0.04^b	8.67±0.08^b	9.00±0.12^b	9.20±0.10^b
Capsule diameter (mm)	7.2±0.2^a	8.4±0.2^a	10.2±0.3^b	12.8±0.4^b	13.2±0.4^b	13.4±0.4^b	12.2±0.3^b	12.4±0.4^b

	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56
SPE-HPLC-MS
PLs (g/100g oil)	34.50±2.28^a	28.63±1.75^a	20.28±1.42^a	12.54±1.33^b	7.33±0.44^b	4.12±0.71^b	3.74±0.50^b	1.85±0.26^b
PG (%)	45	12	22	2	3	1	2	4
PA (%)	19	63	60	68	13	70	50	6
PE (%)	2	1	1	8	47	14	19	27
PI (%)	17	6	3	12	29	8	16	32
PC (%)	7	4	3	5	5	6	11	9
LPC (%)	10	14	11	5	3	1	2	22
TLC
PLs (g/100g oil)	46.28±2.80^a	32.14±2.52^a	24.60±2.11^a	16.47±1.86^a	8.62±1.47^b	6.83±0.91^b	5.10±0.24^b	3.38±0.17^b
PG (%)	50	10	24	6	8	3	5	6
PA (%)	21	60	56	72	18	64	44	5
PE (%)	2	2	2	4	50	16	23	23
PI (%)	14	8	10	14	22	5	18	34
PC (%)	5	2	5	3	8	10	8	12
LPC (%)	8	18	3	1	2	2	2	20

Phospholipids class/DAF	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56
PG
16:0	41	45	45	41	44	39	40	35.5
18:0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
18:1	2	20	23	12	23.5	10	16.5	11
18:2	26	15	17	20	14.5	19	23	25.5
18:3	31	20	15	27	18	32	25.5	28
SFA	41	45	45	41	44	39	40	35.5
USFA	59	55	55	59	56	61	60	64.5
n-3/n-6	1.19	1.33	0.88	1.35	1.24	1.68	1.08	1.09
PA
16:0	30	36.5	36	16	26.5	14	13.5	14.5
18:0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
18:1	26	26.5	26	22	47.5	22.5	22	18.5
18:2	22	20	22.5	40	20.5	40.5	42	42
18:3	22	17	15.5	22	5.5	23	22.5	25
SFA	30	36.5	36	16	26.5	14	13.5	14.5
USFA	70	63.5	64	84	73.5	86	86.5	85.5
n-3/n-6	1	0.85	0.69	0.55	0.26	0.56	0.53	0.59
PE
16:0	39	24.5	20.5	15.5	18	15	15.5	15.5
18:0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
18:1	21.5	22	25.5	26.5	37	25.5	27.5	26.5
18:2	38	46	45.5	50	40.5	50.5	49.5	54
18:3	1.5	7.5	8.5	8	4.5	9	7.5	4
SFA	39	24.5	20.5	15.5	18	15	15.5	15.5
USFA	61	75.5	79.5	84.5	82	85	84.5	84.5
n-3/n-6	0.1	0.16	0.18	0.16	0.11	0.18	0.15	0.1
PI
16:0	36	43	32.5	33	36	31	32	28
18:0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
18:1	17	10.5	22	19	31.5	19	22	28.5
18:2	25	21.5	23	27	23	29.5	27.5	32.5
18:3	22	25	22.5	21	9.5	20.5	18.5	11
SFA	36	43	32.5	33	36	31	32	28
USFA	64	57	67.5	67	64	69	68	72
n-3/n-6	0.88	1.16	1	0.78	0.41	0.69	0.67	0.34
PC
16:0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
18:0	13.5	20	20.5	6	15.5	3.5	6	7
18:1	51	58.5	57.5	38	59	32	41.5	53.5
18:2	19.5	17	13	41	14	45	40.5	32.5
18:3	16	17.5	9	15	11.5	19.5	12	7
SFA	13.5	20	20.5	6	15.5	3.5	6	7
USFA	86.5	80	79.5	94	84.5	96.5	94	93
n-3/n-6	0.82	1	0.69	0.36	0.82	0.43	0.30	0.21
LPC
16:0	18	16	11	25	13	28	20	7
18:0	20	14	17	22	30	15	13	11
18:1	6	3	4	24	37	22	33	35
18:2	36	37	46	19	12	13	23	34
18:3	20	30	22	10	8	22	11	13
SFA	38	30	28	47	43	43	33	18
USFA	62	70	72	53	57	57	67	82
n-3/n-6	0.55	0.81	0.48	0.52	0.66	1.69	0.48	0.38

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[1] *Corresponding author: wahid1bio@yahoo.fr