Evaluation of whole wheat flour sourdough as a promising ingredient in short dough biscuits

Abstract

The incorporation of whole wheat flour (WWF) via sourdough fermentation was studied in short dough biscuits. The substitution levels of wheat flour to WWF were 15%, 25%, 35%, and 50%. The biscuits containing WWF sourdough were produced by achieving the same level of WWF as in the WWF biscuits. The incorporation of WWF on dough formulation increased both G' and G” moduli, while the inclusion of WWF by sourdough fermentation caused a significant reduction. Spread ratio of the biscuits decreased as the WWF ratio in the formulation increased (p < 0.05). The hardness value of WWF sourdough biscuits was not significantly different than that of the control biscuits while the direct addition of WWF increased the hardness value (p < 0.05). Biscuits containing WWF sourdough had significantly higher lightness (L*) value than the WWF biscuits (p < 0.05). A low-level incorporation of sourdough corresponding to 15% WWF was preferable by the panelists for general acceptability parameters.

Keywords:
biscuit; whole wheat flour; sourdough fermentation; quality