International nonprofit foundations are acknowledged for their role in supporting scientific research, training human resources (physicians, public health professionals, and nurses), and creating science institutions and health services in developing countries. Focusing on the work of foreign institutions like the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations, the current study aims to highlight several innovative and pioneering initiatives, considering their areas of action, priorities, diversification of activities, changes in guidelines, and partnerships with international and Brazilian institutions during the Pre- and Post-War periods. The study also analyzes how these foundations readjust their agendas as a function of the presence of new players, institutions, and objectives.
international scientific cooperation; Rockefeller Foundation; Ford Foundation; scientific philanthropy; science models; human resources training