Abstract
Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is an inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by virus, leading to focal necrosis in medial temporal lobes, hippocampal complex and basal forebrain. Cognitively, HSVE is associated to many dysfunctions which vary according to the extent of the lesion. Episodic memory impairment is the most common sequelae following HSVE episodes, although others can occur. The aim of this case report was to describe the cognitive profile of a 42 year-old man who had extensive bilateral damage to the medial temporal lobe, insular bilateral and orbitofrontal cortices due to HSVE. Severe anterograde and retrograde amnesia, naming deficits, perseverative behaviors and confabulations were observed on neuropsychological assessment. We discussed the concept of long term-working memory based on this evaluation. These cognitive impairments corroborated HSVE previous findings in the literature.
Key words:
encephalitis; episodic memory impairment; naming deficit; confabulation
Resumo
Encefalite herpética (EH) é uma inflamação do parênquima cerebral causada pelo vírus herpes e associada à necrose focal nos lobos temporais mesiais, formação hipocampal e nas partes basais do córtex pré-frontal. Cognitivamente, a EH é relacionada a diversos prejuízos que variam de acordo com a extensão da lesão. Prejuízo na memória episódica é a seqüela mais freqüente, embora outros possam ocorrer. O objetivo deste relato de caso é descrever o perfil cognitivo de um homem de 42 anos que teve extensa lesão nos lobos temporais mesiais, nas ínsulas e nas regiões orbitofrontais em decorrência de um episódio de EH. Amnésias do tipo anterógrada e retrógrada, prejuízos na nomeação, comportamentos perseverativos e confabulações foram observadas pela avaliação neuropsicológica. Nós discutimos o conceito de memória operacional de longo prazo com vistas aos resultados obtidos. Os prejuízos cognitivos observados corroboram a literatura sobre EH.
Palavras-chave:
encefalite herpética; déficit de memória episódica; prejuízo de nomeação; confabulação
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Publication Dates
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Publication in this collection
Oct-Dec 2008
History
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Received
16 Oct 2008 -
Accepted
16 Nov 2008