| Ceravolo, R. et al. 20111414 Ceravolo R, Brusa L, Galati S, Volterrani D, Peppe A, Siciliano G, et al. Low frequency stimulation of the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontini increases cortical metabolism in Parkinsonian patients. Eur J Neurol. 2011;18:842-9.
|
6 total DBS group
|
California Verbal Learning Test; Trail Making Test (TMT); Verbal Fluency (FAS); Boston naming test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Obeso, I. et al. 20121515 Obeso I, Casabona E, Bringas ML, Álvarez L, Jahanshahi M. Semantic and Phonemic Verbal Fluency in Parkinson’s Disease: Influence of Clinical and Demographic Variables. Behav Neurol. 2012;25(2):111-8.
|
217 (male)
83 (female)
300 total PD group
22 (male)
28 (female)
50 total control group
|
Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB); Verbal Fluency (letter F) |
No DBS used |
| Fumagalli, M. et al. 20151616 Fumagalli M, Marceglia S, Cogiamanian F, Ardolino G, Picascia M, Barbieri S, et al. Ethical safety of deep brain stimulation: A study on moral decision-making in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2015; 21(9):11-26.
|
5 (male)
6 (female)
11 total DBS group
5 (male)
6 (female)
11 total PD group
|
Digit Span; Corsi Block-Tapping test; Babcock Story Recall Test; Raven Colored Progressive Matrices; FAB; Phonological and Semantic Verbal Fluency; Attentional Matrices; Constructional Apraxia Test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Tang, V. et al. 20151717 Tang V, Zhu D, Chan D, Lau C, Chan A, Mok V, Yeung J, Poon WS. Evidence of improved immediate verbal memory and diminished category fluency following STN-DBS in Chinese-Cantonese patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Neurol Sci. 2015;36(8):1371-7.
|
18 (male)
9 (female)
27 total DBS group
|
MoCa; Chinese Auditory Verbal Learning Test (CAVLT); Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT); a Chinese version of the Boston naming test (BNT); Hooper visual organization test (HVOT); digit span test (DST); Stroop test Chinese Victoria version; Verbal Fluency test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Houvenaghel, JF. et al. 20161818 Houvenaghel JF, Duprez J, Argaud S, Naudet F, Dondaine T, Robert G, et al. Influence of subthalamic deep-brain stimulation on cognitive action control in incentive context. Neuropsychologia. 2016;91:519-30.
|
10 (male)
15 (female)
25 total PD group
12 (male)
13 (female)
25 total DBS group
|
Verbal Fluency (animals) and Phonemic Fluency (letter p); Nelson's simplified version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (MCST); Trail Making Test; Stroop Test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Foley, J. et al. 20171919 Foley JA, Foltynie T, Zrinzo L, Hyam JA, Limousin P, Cipolotti L. Apathy and Reduced Speed of Processing Underlie Decline in Verbal Fluency following DBS. Behav Neurol. 2017;7348101.
|
17 (male)
11 (female)
28 total DBS group
|
Stroop; Hayling Sentence Completion Test; Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test; Elevator Counting and Distraction subtests from the Test of Everyday Attention (EC, EC-D); Nelson Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), and Trail Making Test (TMT-B/A); Symbol Search (SS) and Digit Symbol Coding (DSC) of WAIS-III. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Ardouin, C. et al. 199977 Ardouin C, Pillon B, Peiffer E, Bejjani P, Limousin P, Damier P, et al. Bilateral subthalamic or pallidal stimulation for Parkinson’s disease affects neither memory nor executive functions: A consecutive series of 62 patients. Ann Neurol. 1999;46:217-23.
|
49 STN DBS: 24 (male), 25 (female)
13 GPi: 9 (male), 4 (female)
62 total DBS group
|
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Verbal Fluency (fruits or furniture); Literal Fluency (letter V or R); Graphic and motor series; Stroop Test; Trail Making Test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN
Globus pallidus internal - GPi |
| Witt, K. et al. 200488 Witt K, Pulkowski U, Herzog J, Lorenz D, Hamel W, Deuschl G, Krack P. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Improves Cognitive Flexibility but Impairs Response Inhibition in Parkinson Disease. Arch Neurol. 2004;61(5):697-700.
|
17 (male)
6 (female)
23 total DBS group
|
Digit Span (forward and backward); Verbal Fluency (female/male, first name, animals/plants); Literal Fluency (K/N or L/M), Stroop, Random Number Generation Task (RNGT). |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Funkiewiez, A. et al. 200499 Funkiewiez A, Ardouin C, Caputo E, Krack P, Fraix V, Klinger H, et al. Long term effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation on cognitive function, mood, and behavior in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004;75:834-9.
|
43 (male)
34 (female)
77 total DBS group
|
Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST); Category and Literal Fluency; Graphic and Motor Series; Grober and Buschke test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Castelli, L. et al. 20061010 Castelli L, Perozzo P, Zibetti M, Crivelli B, Morabito U, Lanotte M, et al. Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus for Parkinson’s Disease: Effects on Cognition, Mood, Anxiety and Personality Traits. Eur Neurol. 2006; 55:136-44.
|
38 (male)
27 (female)
65 total DBS group
|
Raven Color Matrices; Bi-syllabic Word Repetition Test (BWR); Corsi's Block-Tapping Test (CBT); Paired- Associate Learning (PAL), a Wechsler Memory Scale subtest; Trail Making Test Part B; Nelson Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST); Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Phonemic and category verbal fluency tasks. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Fraraccio, M. et al. 20081111 Fraraccio M, Ptito A, Sadikot A, Panisset M, Dagher A. Absence of cognitive deficits following deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2008;23(4):399-408.
|
9 (male)
6 (female)
15 total DBS group
|
Rey Auditory Verbal Memory Test; Wechsler Memory Scale; Rey Osterreith Figure/Taylor Figure, WAIS-Digit Span (forward and backward); Tower of London; Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Stroop; Symbol Digital Modalities Test; Hooper Visual Organizational Test; Rey Figure/Taylor Figure; Boston Naming Test; Controlled Oral Word Association Test. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
| Mikos, A. et al. 20091212 Mikos A, Zahodne L, Okun MS, Foote K, Bowers D. Cognitive declines after unilateral deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson’s disease: a controlled study using Reliable Change, part II. Clin Neuropsychol. 2010;24(2):235-45.
|
12 (male) 7 (female)
19 total PD group
20 (male) 4 (female)
24 total DBS group
43 total sample
|
Verbal Fluency (Word and Animals); Digit Span Backward; Boston Naming Test; Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R), Logical Memory subtest of the WAIS; Trail Making Test; Stroop Test; Judgment of Line Orientation Test; Benton |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (unilateral) - STN Right (3), left (8).
Globus pallidus internal GPi
Right (5), left (8) |
| Castelli, L. et al. 20101313 Castelli L, Rizzi L, Zibetti M., Angrisano S, Lanotte M, Lopiano L. Neuropsychological changes 1-year after subthalamic DBS in PD patients: A prospective controlled study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16(2):115-8.
|
16 (male) 15 (female)
31 total PD group
17 (male) 10 (female)
27 total DBS group
58 total sample
|
Raven Color Matrices; Bi-syllabic Words Repetition test; Corsi's Block Tapping; Paired Associate Learning; Trail Making B, Nelson Modified Card Sorting test, Phonemic and Category Verbal Fluency. |
Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (bilateral) - STN |
