Mild cognitive impairment in older adults: Analysis of some factors

To determine the number of elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI); to determine the relationship of sociodemographic and clinical variables by group of individuals with or without MCI and to determine the relationship between MCI assessed by 6CIT and the cognitive domains assessed by the MoCA.

Methods:

A correlational study was conducted of 44 elderly individuals attending a day-care center or residing in a care home, with an average age of 88.9 ± 8.8 years who answered a structured interview collecting sociodemographic and clinical data.

Results:

The elderly living at home had higher average body mass index and number of pathologies than those living in an institution for the elderly (p < 0.01). 63.6% of the elderly did not have MCI, and no differences were found between residential settings. The comparison between 6CIT and MoCA yielded differences in the general domain and in visual, attention, abstraction and, orientation subdomains.

Conclusion:

Cognitive stimulation interventions should be optimized according to the residential setting at the level of comorbidities and nutrition.

Key words:
neurocognitive disorders; aged; dementia; care homes; cognitive decline

Academic and health sociodemographic variables		Total sample		Residents at ERPI		Home Residents
Academic and health sociodemographic variables		Nº	%	Nº	%	Nº	%
Sex	Male	15	34.1	10	41.7	5	25.0
Sex	Female	29	65.9	14	58.3	15	75.0
Academic qualifications	0 years	8	18.2	3	12.5	5	25.0
	1 to 4 years	28	63.6	16	66.7	12	60.0
	5 to 6 years	3	6.8	2	8.3	1	5.0
	7 to 9 years	2	4.5	2	8.3	1	5.0
	10-12 years	1	2.3
	Higher Education	2	4.5	1	4.2	1	5.0
Visual deficit	Yes	35	79.5	17	70.8	18	90.0
Visual deficit	Not	9	20.5	7	29.2	2	10.0
Hearing deficit	Yes	17	39.5	6	25.0	11	57.9
Hearing deficit	Not	26	60.5	18	75.0	8	42.1
Take medication	Yes	43	97.7	24	100.0	19	95.0
Take medication	Not	1	2.3	0	0	1	5.0

6CIT Prevalence		Mean Rank	Average	Median	Sd	U	P
Age	< vr	21.23	79.6	80.5	8.25	188,500	0.386
Age	≥ vr	24.72	82.18	82.5	8.87	188,500	0.386
Number of medicines	< vr	23.79	7.25	7	3.44	188.000	0.378
Number of medicines	≥ vr	20.25	6.25	6	3.15	188.000	0.378
Barthel	< vr	22.88	77.32	80	12.65	213.500	0.796
Barthel	≥ vr	21.84	75.63	77.5	14.24	213.500	0.796
GDS-10	< vr	22.11	3.25	2	2.97	213.00	0.786
GDS-10	≥ vr	2319	3.25	3	2.51	213.00	0.786
Number of pathologies	< vr	23.59	4.07	4.00	2.20	193.500	0.449
Number of pathologies	≥ vr	20.59	3.50	3.50	2.03	193.500	0.449
IMC	< vr	22.39	28.86	26.94	6.74	221.000	0.942
IMC	≥ vr	22.69	28.41	28.83	4.65	221.000	0.942

Prevalence_6_cit		Mean Rank	Average	Median	SD	U	P
Total MoCA subdomains	<vr	26.89	17.32	18	4.119	101	0.003
Total MoCA subdomains	≥vr	14.81	12.63	12.5	4.559
Visual	<vr	26.27	2.46	2	1.503	118.5	0.008
Visual	≥vr	15.91	1.25	1	0.856
Appointment	<vr	21.64	2.21	2	0.738	200	0.522
Appointment	≥vr	24	2.38	2	0.619
Attention	<vr	25.68	3.29	3	1.823	135	0.028
Attention	≥vr	16.94	2.06	1.5	1.692
Language	<vr	24.29	1.39	1	0.956	174	0.196
Language	≥vr	19.38	1	1	0.73
Abstraction	<vr	26	1.07	1	0.663	126	0.01
Abstraction	≥vr	16.38	0.5	0	0.73
Evocation	<vr	24.86	1.61	2	1.474	158	0.086
Evocation	≥vr	18.38	0.81	0	1.377
Guidance	<vr	25.55	5.39	6	0.786	138.5	0.025
Guidance	≥vr	17.16	4.63	5	1.31

Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, Departamento de Neurologia Cognitiva e Envelhecimento R. Vergueiro, 1353 sl.1404 - Ed. Top Towers Offices, Torre Norte, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, CEP 04101-000, Tel.: +55 11 5084-9463 | +55 11 5083-3876 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistadementia@abneuro.org.br | demneuropsy@uol.com.br

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[1] Maria dos Anjos Dixe. Instituto Politecnico de Leiria Ringgold standard institution – Rua General Norton de Matos – Leiria 2411-901 Portugal. E-mail: manjos.dixe@gmail.com