INTRODUCTION: The presence of a single median maxillary central incisor is an uncommon event in the population. The prevalence of the Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor (SMMCI) syndrome is about 1:50,000 live births, occurring more in women. This alteration in the development of the dental occlusion is characterized by structural malformations, over all in midline region of the patient. The early diagnosis and the adequate treatment of this syndrome are of great importance, therefore this condition can be an indication that the patient can present other severe congenital malformations, not having to consider the SMMCI a simple dental anomaly. The orthodontic procedures, in these cases, vary depending on the degree of involvement of bone structures of the maxilla, the occlusion in itself, and mainly of the midpalatal suture. OBJECTIVES: To discuss, based on scientific evidence, important aspects related to the SMMCI and present a clinical case of female patient with SMMCI, which was submitted to orthodontic treatment in the Children's Dental Integrated Clinic of the Federal University of Santa Maria - RS/Brazil. CONCLUSION: According to the critical analysis of literature, it is very important to correctly early diagnose this condition, since there is the possibility of this syndrome to be associated with other problems of development. Moreover, the patients affected by SMMCI should be attended by a multidisciplinary health team in order to optimize the clinical results and recover the quality of life of these patients.
Solitary median maxillary central incisor; Single median maxillary central incisor; SMMCI; Orthodontics
