IN THIS PAPER we present a synthesis of the knowledge on aquatic environments and commercial fishing in the Brazilian Amazon as well as the history, potential and types of fishing, the composition of exploited species, problems and the main management tactics adopted. The interrelationship of fishing with environmental conditions is discussed as well as the importance of marginal vegetation as a source of food, shelter and refuge for fish. We put forth the idea that the management of fish resources will only be effective if it is practiced by all social actors involved and not only the fishermen and consumers. Environmental education is pointed out to be the most efficient strategy for fishing policies and the only real way towards a real sustentability of the fishing and consequently the natural resources of the region.
fishing; Amazonia; floodplain; sustainability; fishing stock