POTENTIAL OF Rhizobium sp. I 3 AND Agrobacterium sp. I 3 7 IN FORMATION OF ROOT NODULES AND STIMULATING GROWTH OF Arachis hypogaea L.

Rosariastuti, Retno; Yudha, Fuada K.; ,

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v42n5e20200209/2022

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Scientific Paper • Eng. agríc. 42 (5) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v42n5e20200209/2022 copy

POTENTIAL OF Rhizobium sp. I ₃ AND Agrobacterium sp. I _{3 7} IN FORMATION OF ROOT NODULES AND STIMULATING GROWTH OF Arachis hypogaea L.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Rhizobium sp.I ₃ and Agrobacterium sp.I ₃₇ bacteria can increase plant growth and have the potential to become a member of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Rhizobium bacteria can increase nitrogen availability for legume plants by forming nodules. Rhizobium sp. and Agrobacterium sp. are closely related; therefore, we speculated that Agrobacterium sp. can also form nodules. The study was based on completely randomized design and conducted from July 2019 to December 2019 in laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java, Indonesia. The study included 11 different treatments of biofertilizer: P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, and P11 with each treatment in triplicate to obtain 36 experimental units. The results showed that the control treatment (P0) had 0 nodules, 8.26 g biomass, and 3.54% tissue nitrogen uptake. The three best treatments were in the order: P4 ( Rhizobium biofertilizer) with 174.3 root nodules, 14.77% tissue nitrogen (four times higher than that of control), and 24.05 g biomass; P8 ( Rhizobium biofertilizer) with 167 nodules, 12.42% tissue nitrogen (three times higher than that of control), and 19.26 g biomass; P5 ( Agrobacterium biofertilizer) with 146.6 root nodules, 13.15% tissue nitrogen (three times higher than that of control), and 16 g biomass.

biofertilizer; PGPR; Rhizobacteria; nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Treatments	Description
P0	Soil + without inoculum and carrier
P1	Soil + Rhizobium sp.I3 with no carrier
P2	Soil + Agrobacterium sp.I37 with no carrier
P3	Soil + without inoculum with peat 75% + mocaf 25% + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P4	Soil + Rhizobium sp.I3 with peat 75% + mocaf 25% + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P5	Soil + Agrobacterium sp.I37 with peat 75% + mocaf 25% + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P6	Soil + without inoculum with peat 75% + manure 25% + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P7	Soil + Rhizobium sp.I3 with peat 75% + manure 25% + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P8	Soil + Agrobacterium sp.I37 with peat 75% + manure 25% + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P9	Soil + without inoculum with peat 50% + 50% Luria-Bertani liquid + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P10	Soil + Rhizobium sp.I3 with peat 50% + 50% Luria-Bertani liquid + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier
P11	Soil + Agrobacterium sp.I37 with peat 50% + 50% Luria-Bertani liquid + 70 g wheat flour per kg carrier

Treatment	Tissue nitrogen (%)	Nodule count	Plant height (cm)	Plant biomass (g)
P0	3.54 ^a	0 ^a	24.5 ^a	8.26 ^a
P1	7.58 ^bc	161 ^b	28.00 ^b	12.69 ^ab
P2	5.39 ^abc	80.6 ^ab	28.67 ^b	10.31 ^ab
P3	7.35 ^bc	0 ^a	33.17 ^c	12.26 ^ab
P4	14.77 ^e	174.3 ^b	37.00 ^d	24.05 ^d
P5	13.15 ^e	131.3 ^b	37.17 ^d	22.54 ^d
P6	6.9 ^abc	0 ^a	35.50 ^cd	15.39 ^bc
P7	11.72 ^de	146.6 ^b	43.50 ^e	16 ^bc
P8	12.42 ^e	167 ^b	40.50 ^e	19.26 ^cd
P9	4.25 ^ab	0 ^a	32.00 ^c	12.45 ^ab
P10	8.73 ^cd	148.3 ^b	34.50 ^cd	14.03 ^bc
P11	12.41 ^e	114.3 ^b	33.25 ^c	16.13 ^bc

No.	Treatment	Soil nitrogen (%)	Organic carbon (%)	CEC (me.100g ^-1 soil)	pH	Total bacterial colonies (CFU.ml ^-1 )
1	P0	0.07 ^a	0.6 ^ab	27.92 ^a	7.9 ^d	0 ^a
2	P1	0.16 ^de	0.57 ^a	28.7 ^a	7.65 ^d	8.304 ^d
3	P2	0.13 ^cd	0.56 ^a	29.76 ^a	7.75 ^d	7.509 ^b
4	P3	0.12 ^bc	0.76 ^bc	38.6 ^b	7.08 ^c	0 ^a
5	P4	0.22 ^f	0.73 ^abc	46.25 ^e	6.93 ^bc	8.615 ^e
6	P5	0.15 ^de	0.71 ^abc	39.17 ^bc	7.04 ^bc	10.406 ^g
7	P6	0.1 ^ab	0.79 ^c	39.06 ^bc	7.01 ^bc	0 ^a
8	P7	0.17 ^e	0.63 ^abc	42.24 ^cd	7 ^bc	12.433 ⁱ
9	P8	0.21 ^f	0.65 ^abc	51.89 ^f	6.88 ^bc	7.901 ^c
10	P9	0.14 ^cde	0.77 ^bc	40.64 ^bc	7.06 ^bc	0 ^a
11	P10	0.22 ^f	0.62 ^abc	43.89 ^de	6.71 ^ab	12.243 ^h
12	P11	0.21 ^f	0.69 ^abc	46 ^e	6.51 ^a	9.001 ^f
Dignity*		Very low to low	Very low	Very high to high	Medium to alkaline	-

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
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[1] 1* Corresponding author. Department of Soil Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: retnobs@staff.uns.ac.id