CORRELATION OF SOIL PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES WITH FURROWING SHANK STRENGTH AND DEPTH IN A NO-TILL SEEDER

Lenz, Anderson M.; Maggi, Marcio F.; Gurgacz, Flavio; Bassegio, Doglas; Machado, Marcos V. M.

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v42n1e20210139/2022

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Scientific Paper • Eng. agríc. (Online) 42 (1) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v42n1e20210139/2022 copy

CORRELATION OF SOIL PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES WITH FURROWING SHANK STRENGTH AND DEPTH IN A NO-TILL SEEDER

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Furrowing shank horizontal strength and working depth can be correlated with soil compaction in a no-till sowing. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of furrowing shank strength and working depth with soil physical properties at two working speeds (1.58 and 1.87 m s^-1) and four compaction levels induced by an agricultural tractor (0P, 1P, 3P, and 5P+Ballast), with four repetitions in an RBD. Thereby, we aimed to verify a potential increase in sampling density of soil compaction data. Horizontal strength at 1.58 m s^-1 had Pearson correlations ranging from 0.74 to 0.73 with soil penetration resistance (SPR), and from 0.57 to 0.72 with some soil properties collected by volumetric ring. Working depth also correlated with several parameters ranging from 0.49 to 0.81. The highest correlations were verified for the speed of 1.58 m s^-1, at which shanks maintained greater depth. This increased soil contact with the shank, hence sensitivity to compaction. Our findings show that furrowing shank horizontal strength and working depth can be used to monitor soil compaction.

KEYWORDS
SRP; Farming soil; soil compaction; Shank horizontal strength; Shank Working depth

Sand (g kg^-1)	Silt (g kg^-1)	Clay (g kg^-1)	Gravimetric moisture (g kg^-1)	Organic matter (g dm^-3)
187.5	175	637.5	211.4	39.56

Parameter	Average	CV (%)	p Block	p Passes
FSS (N) (1.58 m s^-1)	2620	9.68	0.003 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01). FSS: Furrowing shank strength;	0.005 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01). FSS: Furrowing shank strength;
FSS (N) (1.87 m s^-1)	2814	9.04	0.257	0.026 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05)
FSD (m) (1.58 m s^-1)	0.11	6.67	0.406	0.008 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01). FSS: Furrowing shank strength;
FSD (m) (1.87 m s^-1)	0.10	5.85	0.284	0.001 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01). FSS: Furrowing shank strength;
SRP MPa (0–0.05 m)	3.64	30.2	0.529	0.001 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01). FSS: Furrowing shank strength;
SRP MPa (0.05–0.10 m)	4.21	20.6	0.088	0.032 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05)
SRP MPa (0.10–0.15 m)	4.32	25.5	0.318	0.354
SRP MPa (0.15–0.20 m)	4.05	16.6	0.281	0.589
D g / m^-3 (0–0.05 m)	1.37	4.73	0.401	0.539
D g / m^-3 (0.05–0.10 m)	1.38	2.72	0.887	0.547
Ma% (0–0.05 m)	57	1.17	0.011 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05)	0.023 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05)
Ma% (0.05–0.10 m)	56.6	1.67	0.067	0.443
Mi% (0–0.05 m)	42.8	2.69	0.157	0.099
Mi% (0.05–0.10 m)	43.3	2.18	0.066 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05)	0.443
Pt% (0–0.05 m)	50.9	4.53	0.607	0.913
Pt (0.05–0.10 m)	50.4	3.24	0.190	0.939

Source of variation	Horizontal strength	Working depth
Tractor passes	0.0025 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	<0.0001 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).
Travel speed	0.1455	0.0033 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).
Tractor passes × Travel speed	0.8498	0.366

Parameter	FSS (N) (1.58 m s^-1)	FSS (N) (1.87 m s^-1)	FSD (m) (1.58 m s^-1)	FSD (m) (1.87 m s^-1)
SRP Mpa (0–0.05 m)	0.001 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	0.001 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	0.003 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	0.003 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).
SRP Mpa (0.05–0.10 m)	0.128	0.011 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);	0.038 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);	0.013 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);
SRP Mpa (0.10–0.15 m)	0.442	0.161	0.241	0.253
SRP Mpa (0.15–0.20 m)	0.467	0.078	0.246	0.271
Dg m^-3 (0–0.05 m)	0.009 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	0.054	0.136	0.212
Dg m^-3 (0.05–0.10 m)	0.486	0.354	0.069	0.661
Ma% (0–0.05 m)	0.019 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);	0.769	0.061	0.025 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);
Ma% (0.05–0.10 m)	0.037 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);	0.282	0.451	0.117
Mi% (0–0.05 m)	0.001 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	0.004 ^ Significant at 1% probability (p <0.01).	0.348	0.055
Mi% (0.05–0.10 m)	0.037 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);	0.282	0.451	0.117
Pt% (0–0.05 m)	0.053	0.383	0.145	0.456
Pt% (0.05–0.10 m)	0.021 ^* * Notes: Significant at 5% probability (p <0.05);	0.103	0.658	0.900

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
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[1] * Corresponding author. Western Paraná State University - UNIOESTE/ Cascavel - PR, Brasil. E-mail: andersomm25@gmail.com