This paper applies the method developed by Ahmad & Stern (1984) to calculate the marginal welfare cost of taxation for 27 commodity groups using microdata from the POF 2002-2003 and price-elasticities of demand based on the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). The estimates are presented for different assumptions about the society's degree of inequality aversion. The results suggest that some commodity groups are strong candidates to lower (and other groups, to higher) taxation both for distributional and efficiency reasons. However, in general, there is a strong conflict between equity and efficiency considerations in reforming the Brazilian indirect tax system.
Indirect Taxes; Tax Reform; Social Welfare
