EXPANSION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF PEDAGOGY COURSES: LARGE-SCALE DEFORMATION OF FUTURE PEDAGOGUES

MINHOTO, MARIA ANGÉLICA PEDRA; BIELSCHOWSKY, CARLOS EDUARDO; AGUIAR, THIAGO BORGES DE

doi:10.1590/0102-469842261t

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ARTICLE • Educ. rev. 40 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-469842261t copy

EXPANSION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF PEDAGOGY COURSES: LARGE-SCALE DEFORMATION OF FUTURE PEDAGOGUES¹ 1 Article published with funding from theConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico- CNPq/Brazil for editing, layout and XML conversion services.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This paper brings the analysis of characteristics of the expansion of Pedagogy courses in Brazil, especially in the last decade, based on data from the Higher Education Census and the National Student Performance Exam (known by the acronym ENADE, in Portuguese), from the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP), updated until 2021. The process of expansion of the Pedagogy course follows two trends: at a macro level, there is the process of growth in private Higher Education, especially concentrated in a few financialized groups; at the micro level, there is a set of legal inductions for teacher education to take place at a higher level and the consolidation of the Pedagogy course as a privileged place for teacher education for Early Childhood Education and early grades of Elementary School as opposed to other courses like the course of Normal Colleges (Teacher training colleges which prepare teachers for Elementary School). The results presented by this work point to what was here called “large-scale deformation”, considering the increasing concentration of enrollments in private universities focused almost exclusively on teaching (with little articulation with research and extension), in distance learning courses, with high dropout rates and low scores in ENADE compared to federal and state public institutions.

Keywords:
Pedagogy course; Higher Education policies; expansion of Higher Education; privatization

HEI	Financial group	Number of entrants in distance learning	Total % of entrants in Pedagogy (face-to-face and distance learning)
Universidade Pitágoras Unopar Anhanguera	Kroton	38,672	13.7%
Centro Universitário Leonardo da Vinci	Leonardo da Vinci	25,078	8.9%
Universidade Anhanguera	Kroton	17,971	6.3%
Universidade Paulista	Unip	16,361	5.8%
Universidade Cesumar	UniCesumar	12,965	4.6%
Universidade Estácio de Sá	Estácio	11,027	3.9%
Centro Universitário Internacional	Uninter	10,373	3.7%
Centro Universitário FAEL	Ser Educacional	8,493	3.0%
Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul	Cruzeiro do Sul	8,473	3.0%
Universidade Cidade de São Paulo	Cruzeiro do Sul	6,682	2.4%
Universidade Nove de Julho	UNINOVE	5,383	1.9%
Universidade de Franca	Cruzeiro do Sul	4,569	1.6%
Centro Universitário Estácio Santa Catarina	Estácio	3,636	1.3%
Centro Universitário Maurício de Nassau	Ser Educacional	3,506	1.2%
Centro Universitário Estácio Ribeirão Preto	Estácio	3,441	1.2%
TOTAL		176,630	62.4%

	Distance learning		Face-to-face		Both modalities
	2017	2021	2017	2021	2017	2021
Private College	92.6%	96.9%	42.2%	48.2%	48.4%	68.1%
Private University Center	42.1%	45.8%	28.1%	30.3%	37.9%	43.1%
Private University	78.6%	88.4%	13.7%	39.7%	64.3%	83.3%
All private HEIs	64.3%	76.5%	31.5%	40.8%	51.4%	69.7%
Federal and State public HEIs	34.6%	18.8%	19.8%	11.2%	22.6%	13.7%

	Face-to-face modality	Distance learning modality	Total
HEIs of the ten private groups	60.36%	57.96%	58.33%
Other private HEIs	44.69%	47.10%	45.61%
Public (State and Federal)	34.45%	29.07%	33.67%

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EXPANSION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF PEDAGOGY COURSES: LARGE-SCALE DEFORMATION OF FUTURE PEDAGOGUES1 1 Article published with funding from theConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico- CNPq/Brazil for editing, layout and XML conversion services.

ABSTRACT:

EXPANSION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF PEDAGOGY COURSES: LARGE-SCALE DEFORMATION OF FUTURE PEDAGOGUES¹ 1 Article published with funding from theConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico- CNPq/Brazil for editing, layout and XML conversion services.