CIVILITY IN TEACHING HISTORY IN AUTHORITARIAN TIMES IN ESPÍRITO SANTO (1937-1945 AND 1964-1985)

ABSTRACT:

This paper analyzes contours attributed to civility in the teaching of History in Espírito Santo State during the Estado Novo dictatorship (1937-1945) and the civil-military regime (1964-1985). The sources analyzed comprise the set of documents produced and/or circulated in public schools in the state of Espírito Santo. It is based on the thinking of Bloch (2001) and Ginzburg (2002, 2007) for the interrogation of sources. From the official expectations of the prescriptions, one observes, on the one hand, the intervention of the State on History teaching in schools and, on the other hand, the emphasis on civility and patriotism materialized in these documents. However, in the specific case of the schools in the state of Espirito Santo, there are indications of practices that differ from those prescribed for History Teaching, such as the criticism of teachers towards curricular proposals, the defense of a thoughtful and instigating History teaching, besides the cake contests and cutting and sewing classes, which reveal plural ways of thinking and teaching History in authoritarian times.

Keywords:
Civility; History Teaching; Estado Novo; Civil-Military Dictatorship