We discuss in this paper, presented as a theoretical essay, the specificity of the thematic the childhood and the city, using analytical framework from the Social Sciences. The article is organised in three sections. The first one explores the Social Sciences paradigms and in which ways they are connected to the children and childhood. The second section explores the thematic childhood and the city, considering authors from the Chicago School and contemporary ones. In the third section we observe the children`s interactions in the urban context; the potential of use and appropriation of the city by the children is contrasted with the adult power. Problematizing these three aspects we can understand better the relationship between childhood and the city, and we suggest the need of transforming it in a research line
City; Education; Childhood; Sociology of Childhood; Urban Sociology