Efeitos da improvisação musical como intervenção cognitiva e motora para idosos

SANTOS, Marcelo Rabello dos; KRUG, Monique Siebra; BRANDÃO, Michel Rasche; LEON, Victória Silva de; MARTINOTTO, Júlia Cenci; FONSECA, Júlia Delgado da; BRASIL, Alissa Costa; MACHADO, Andréa Guedes; OLIVEIRA, Alcyr Alves de

Marcelo Rabello dos SANTOS Correspondence to: A.A. OLIVEIRA. E-mail: alcyr.oliveirajr@gmail.com, marcelors@ufcspa.edu.br.

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia e Saúde. R. Sarmento Leite, 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-9422

Monique Siebra KRUG

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Curso de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-0615

Michel Rasche BRANDÃO

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Curso de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-9139

Victória Silva de LEON

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Curso de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-2739

Júlia Cenci MARTINOTTO

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Curso de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-806X

Júlia Delgado da FONSECA

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Curso de Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-1952

Alissa Costa BRASIL

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Curso de Fonoaudiologia, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-3247

Andréa Guedes MACHADO

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação. Porto Alegre,RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2939-2223

Alcyr Alves de OLIVEIRA Correspondence to: A.A. OLIVEIRA. E-mail: alcyr.oliveirajr@gmail.com, marcelors@ufcspa.edu.br.

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia e Saúde. R. Sarmento Leite, 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-7835

Correspondence to: A.A. OLIVEIRA. E-mail: alcyr.oliveirajr@gmail.com, marcelors@ufcspa.edu.br.

Contributors

M. R. SANTOS was responsible for the design and writing of the article. M. S. KRUG, M. R. BRANDÃO, V. S. LEON, J. C. MARTINOTTO, J. D. FONSECA, and A. C. BRASIL contributed to the analysis, discussion of results and revision of the manuscript. A. G. MACHADO contributed to the analysis of the results. A. A. OLIVEIRA was responsible for the study design and final review of the article.

Characterization variables		Improvisation n = 15 Exp. Group		Choir n = 13 Control Group		p-value
Age [Mean (SD)]		68.40	(5.98)	67.31	(5.79)	0.629^* * Student’s t-test;
Years of formal education – [Median (Q1; Q3)]		9	(4;16)	7	(4.5; 9)	0.235^ Mann-Whitney test;
Sex
	[woman n (%)]	10	(66.7)	12	(92.3)	0.173^* ***** Chi-Squared test.
	[man n (%)]	5	(33.3)	1	(7.7)	0.173^* ***** Chi-Squared test.
Relationship status
	[married n (%)]	7	(46.7)	6	(46.2)	0.443^* ***** Chi-Squared test.
	[widow(er) n (%)]	4	(26.7)	6	(46.2)
	[Divorced/separated n (%)]	2	(13.3)	1	(7.7)
	[Dating n (%)]	2	(13.3)	0	(0.0)
Musical engagement¹ 1 MUSE: Music Use Questionnaire; [Median (Q1; Q3)]:
	Audition index	6	(2; 10)	10	(4; 12.5)	0.072^ Mann-Whitney test;
	Practice index	0.33	(0; 0.85)	1.06	(0; 2.75)	0.363^ Mann-Whitney test;
	Training index	0	(0; 0)	0	(0; 1.5)	0.786^ Mann-Whitney test;
	MMSE² 2 MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination. [Mean (SD)]	26.73	(1.79)	27.31	(1.97)	0.427^* * Student’s t-test;

Measures	Improvisation n = 15				Choir n = 12				p-value^* * Generalized Estimating Equation Model;
	Experimental Group Measures				Control Group				p-value^* * Generalized Estimating Equation Model;
	Pre-		Post		Pre-		Post		Time	Group	Time vs Group
	Pre-		Post		Pre-		Post		factor	factor	Interaction
CDT¹ 1 Clock Drawing Test. [mean (SD)]	5.47	(1.85)	6.8	(2.24)	6.77	(1.30)	6.08	(1.89)	0.402	0.554	0.013^ Significant difference between groups;
TMT² 2 Trail Making Test. A [mean (SD)]	66.44	(29.58)	60.31	(20.94)	54.46	(14.70)	50.36	(16.16)	0.030^* ***** Independent group effect.	0.122	0.820
VFL³ 3 Verbal Fluence Test. ,⁴ 4 n = 14 for experimental group due to technical problems. [mean (SD)]
- Phonemic	11.93	(3.47)	12.00	(4.00)	12.77	(4.30)	11.83	(3.38)	0.377	0.796	0.307
- Semantic	17.67	(5.29)	17.07	(4.85)	15.00	(4.94)	15.83	(4.86)	0.833	0.221	0.337
RBMT⁵ 5 Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test. [mean (SD)]	88.20	(15.09)	88.86	(15.95)	88.83	(14.16)	89.83	(6.65)	0.783	0.861	0.945

Measures	Improvisation n = 15		Choir n = 12		p-value^* * Generalized Estimating Equation Model;
	Experimental Group		Control Group		p-value^* * Generalized Estimating Equation Model;
	Pre-	Post	Pre-	Post	Factor Time	Factor Group	Time vs Group Interaction
Reading	0.66	0.29	0.22	-0.09	0.115	0.216	0.927
Errors	1.98	-0.07	2.50	0.83	0.124	0.534	0.869
Counting	0.47	0.47	0.33	0.07	0.264	0.271	0.244
Errors	1.24	-0.08	0.50	0.22	0.029^* ** Group independent effect.	0.697	0.153
Choosing	0.10	0.11	0.01	-0.17	0.552	0.476	0.532
Errors	2.00	0.72	1.31	0.63	0.150	0.695	0.664
Alternating	0.36	-0.11	-0.31	-0.37	0.094	0.072	0.191
Errors	1.77	1.58	1.15	0.56	0.265	0.344	0.575
Flexibility	0.17	-0.24	-0.32	-0.53	0.095	0.120	0.577
Inhibition	-0.29	0.00	-0.13	-0.35	0.864	0.744	0.214

Measures		Improvisation n =15 Experimental Group				Choir n =13 Control Group				p-value^* * Generalized Estimating Equation model.
		Pre-		Post		Pre-	Post			Time	Group	Time vs Group
		Pre-		Post		Pre-	Post			Factor	Factor	Interaction
TUG¹ 1 Test Up and Go. [mean (SD)]		10.41	(1.70)	9.90	(2.08)	11.01	(1.51)	10.40	( 1.96)	0.084	0.369	0.910
FTT² 2 Finger Tapping Test. [mean (SD)]
	Right index finger	41.21	(10.83)	47.13	(8.91)	45.85	(12.91)	45.83	(5.56)	0.169	0.557	0.167
	Left index finger	37.00	(13.06)	35.73	(9.90)	43.15	(9.89)	38.66	(10.18)	0.226	0.146	0.706

[1] Correspondence to: A.A. OLIVEIRA. E-mail: alcyr.oliveirajr@gmail.com, marcelors@ufcspa.edu.br.

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Efeitos da improvisação musical como intervenção cognitiva e motora para idosos

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