Perspectiva de pais sobre o ajustamento psicológico de crianças em recidiva e remissão de câncer

Wechsler, Amanda Muglia; Bragado-Álvarez, Carmen; Hernández-Lloreda, María José; Lopes, Luiz Fernando; Perina, Elisa Maria

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

RESEARCH REPORT | Health Psychology • Estud. psicol. 41 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202441e210164 copiar

Perspectiva de pais sobre o ajustamento psicológico de crianças em recidiva e remissão de câncer

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Objetivo

O presente artigo visou avaliar o ajustamento psicológico de crianças brasileiras em recidiva de câncer comparando-as com sobreviventes de câncer e com crianças “saudáveis”, a partir do relato de seus pais/cuidadores.

Método

Os participantes foram 140 cuidadores de crianças em recidiva (n = 24), remissão (n = 59) e controle (n = 57). Foram aplicadas a Escala de Avaliação Comportamental para Crianças e a Family Environment Scale. As análises de dados foram realizadas com t de Student, Qui-quadrado, análises de variância e correlações de Pearson.

Resultados

Os resultados mostraram que as crianças com câncer não apresentaram mais psicopatologias que o grupo controle, mas mostraram mais habilidades sociais e de liderança. Também se observaram fatores protetores (coesão familiar) e de risco (idade, número de recidivas, duração do tratamento, renda e nível educacional dos cuidadores).

Conclusão

Propõe-se o rastreio de sintomas psicológicos nos subgrupos de risco e o delineamento de estratégias interventivas para esta população.

Palavras-chave
Adaptação; Câncer em crianças; Ajustamento emocional; Psico-Oncologia; Recidiva

Variables		Relapse		Remission		Control
Variables		n	%	n	%	n	%
Child’s gender - valid n		24		59		57
	Female	12	50	31	52.5	34	59.6
	Male	12	50	28	47.5	23	40.4
Caregiver’s Marital Status - valid n		24		59		55
	With partner	17	71	45	76	32	58
	Without partner	7	29	14	24	23	42
Caregiver’s Education Level - valid n		23		59		55
	Elementary	8	35	23	39	25	45
	High school/higher education	15	65	36	61	30	55
Variables		Relapse		Remission		Control
Variables		M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
Child’s age - valid n		24		59		57
Child’s age - valid n		9.1	1.1	9.5	01.4	10.1	01.5
Family income - valid n		22		59		55
Family income - valid n		2.1	1.5	5.3	05.6	02.3	01.7
Time in current situation (months) - valid n		24		59		–
Time in current situation (months) - valid n		06.57	7.41	61.75	25.31	–	–
Time in treatment (months) - valid n		24		59		–
Time in treatment (months) - valid n		39.59	31.03	12.20	010.85	–	–

Subscale		Relapse		Remission		Control		F	p	Cohen’s d	ɳ²
Subscale		M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	F	p	Cohen’s d	ɳ²
Clinical Scales
	Aggression	10.54	07.52	9.36	5.38	8.72	06.00	0.78^* * p < 0.05.			0.01
	Hyperactivity	11.55	05.99	10.61	5.41	9.33	04.46	1.60^* * p < 0.05.			0.02
	Conduct Problems	3.13	02.94	03.64	3.15	4.42	03.94	1.40^* * p < 0.05.			0.02
	Attention Problems	011.04	3.41	10.74	2.70	9.74	02.70	2.60^* * p < 0.05.			0.04
	Atypicality	06.88	04.28	7.12	4.50	8.68	04.45	3.60^* * p < 0.05.	0.03^a a Significant differences between RG (group in cancer relapse) and CG (control group); 0.03^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.41^a a Significant differences between RG (group in cancer relapse) and CG (control group); 0.35^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.05
	Depression	11.00	06.53	8.76	5.74	8.72	05.05	1.61^* * p < 0.05.			0.02
	Anxiety	8.45	03.50	7.11	3.44	8.62	3.51	1.11^* * p < 0.05.			0.02
	Withdrawal	8.21	3.31	6.52	2.98	6.42	3.71	2.68^* * p < 0.05.			0.03
	Somatization	08.79	04.26	07.41	5.35	8.14	05.00	0.70^* * p < 0.05.			0.01
	Adaptive Scales
Adaptability		15.25	04.48	14.67	2.83	13.44	03.85	2.79^* * p < 0.05.			0.03
	Social Skills	28.46	07.13	26.26	5.90	23.74	06.56	5.12^* * p < 0.05.	0.00^a a Significant differences between RG (group in cancer relapse) and CG (control group); 0.03^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.69^a a Significant differences between RG (group in cancer relapse) and CG (control group); 0.40^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.07
	Leadership	15.88	04.40	16.28	3.67	14.09	4.11	4.62^* * p < 0.05.	0.00^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.56^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.06
General Scales
	Externalizing Problems	25.73	14.92	23.46	11.82	22.44	12.77	0.80^* * p < 0.05.			0.01
	Internalizing Problems	29.14	11.69	22.93	11.03	25.02	10.06	1.45^* * p < 0.05.			0.02
	Adaptive Skills	59.58	13.55	57.21	10.65	51.26	12.81	5.40^* * p < 0.05.	0.00^a a Significant differences between RG (group in cancer relapse) and CG (control group); 0.00^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.63^a a Significant differences between RG (group in cancer relapse) and CG (control group); 0.50^b b Significant differences between RMG (group in cancer remission) and CG (control group).	0.07
	Behavioral Symptoms Index	59.29	23.85	53.67	19.59	53.79	19.85	0.73^* * p < 0.05.			0.01

Variables		Group	1	2	3	4	5
1.	Externalizing	RG	–
	Problems	RMG	–
		CG	–
2.	Internalizing	RG	0.70^ p < 0.001. CG:	–
	Problems	RMG	0.69^ p < 0.001. CG:	–
		CG	0.60^ p < 0.001. CG:	–
3.	Adaptive	RG	-0.01	0.04	–
	Skills	RMG	0.06	-0.11	–
		CG	0.10	0.39^ p < 0.001. CG:	–
4.	Behavioral symptoms Index	RG	0.92^ p < 0.001. CG:	0.89^ p < 0.001. CG:	-0.01	–
		RMG	0.89^ p < 0.001. CG:	0.87^ p < 0.001. CG:	-0.06	–
		CG	0.87^ p < 0.001. CG:	0.86^ p < 0.001. CG:	0.27^* * p < 0.05;	–
5.	Family Cohesion	RG	0.01	0.12	0.38	0.04	–
		RMG	-0.34^* * p < 0.05;	-0.46^* * p < 0.05;	0.22	-0.37^* * p < 0.05;	–
		CG	-0.180	-0.07	0.09	-0.15	–

Variable		Group	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
1.	Externalizing	RG	–
	Problems	RMG	–
		CG	–
2.	Internalizing	RG	0.70^ p < 0.001.	–
	Problems	RMG	0.69^ p < 0.001.	–
		CG	0.60^ p < 0.001.	–
3.	Adaptive	RG	-0.01	0.04	–
	Skills	RMG	0.00	-0.11	–
		CG	0.10	0.39^ p < 0.001.	–
4.	Behavior symptoms index	RG	0.92^ p < 0.001.	0.89^ p < 0.001.	-0.01	–
		RMG	0.89^ p < 0.001.	0.87^ p < 0.001.	-0.06	–
		CG	0.88^ p < 0.001.	0.86^ p < 0.001.	0.27^* * p < 0.05;	–
5.	Child’s gender	RG	0.33	0.03	-0.33	0.17	–
		RMG	0.14	0.07	-0.19	0.19	–
		CG	0.13	-0.18	-0.23	-0.01	–
6.	Child’s age	RG	-0.35	-0.15	0.15	-0.31	-0.30	–
6.	Child’s age	RMG	-0.09	-0.05	0.28^* * p < 0.05;	-0.10	0.18	–
		CG	-0.13	-0.07	-0.08	-0.17	-0.17	–
7.	Caregiver’s Marital Status	RG	0.32	0.31	-0.18	0.39	0.08	-0.21	–
		RMG	-0.13	-0.06	-0.14	-0.09	0.07	0.16	–
		CG	-0.27^* * p < 0.05;	-0.25	0.04	-0.27^* * p < 0.05;	0.15	-0.03	–
8.	Caregiver’s Educ. Lvl.	RG	0.02	-0.26	0.25	-0.20	-0.03	0.14	-0.48^* * p < 0.05;	–
		RMG	-0.17	-0.29^* * p < 0.05;	0.07	-0.23	0.07	0.10	-0.10	–
		CG	-0.31^* * p < 0.05;	-0.15	-0.02	-0.19	-0.11	-0.04	-0.08	–
9.	Family income	RG	0.07	0.12	-0.06	0.12	-0.16	0.51*	-0.24	0.46^* * p < 0.05;	–
		RMG	-0.26^* * p < 0.05;	-0.27^* * p < 0.05;	0.14	-0.26^* * p < 0.05;	-0.02	0.07	-0.23	0.47^ p < 0.001.	–
		CG	-0.20	-0.11	-0.06	-0.17	-0.11	0.01	-0.16	0.37^ p < 0.001.	–

Variables		Group	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.	Externalizing	RG	–
	Problems	RMG	–
2.	Internalizing	RG	0.70^ p < 0.001.	–
	Problems	RMG	0.69^ p < 0.001.	–
3.	Adaptive	RG	-0.01	0.04	–
	Skills	RMG	0.00	-0.11	–
4.	Behavioral symptoms index	RG	0.92^ p < 0.001.	0.89^ p < 0.001.	-0.01	–
4.	Behavioral symptoms index	RMG	0.89^ p < 0.001.	0.87^ p < 0.001.	-0.06	–
5.	Time in current situation	RG	0.20	0.02	-0.20	0.09	–
5.	Time in current situation	RMG	0.08	-0.8	0.15	0.01	–
6.	Time in treatment	RG	0.26	0.45^* * p < 0.05;	-0.18	0.38	0.26	–
6.	Time in treatment	RMG	-0.07	0.04	0.05	-0.01	-0.46^ p < 0.001.	–
7.	Number of relapses	RG	0.44^* * p < 0.05;	0.50^* * p < 0.05;	-0.09	0.46^* * p < 0.05;	0.02	0.36	–

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Núcleo de Editoração SBI - Campus II, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n. Prédio de Odontologia, 13060-900 Campinas - São Paulo Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 19 3343-7223 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: psychologicalstudies@puc-campinas.edu.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Editor

Raquel Souza Lobo Guzzo