Suicidality: a concept in perspective

Suicidalidade: um conceito em perspectiva

Abstract

Objective

In the field of psychology, there are concepts related to suicide that are not yet clear enough for application in clinical practice. The term “suicidality” is commonly used in international literature. however, the concept it encompasses remains unclear. The term “suicidality” is frequently used in international publications, but its exact definition remains ambiguous. To address this, a theoretical-reflective study was conducted, drawing from a comprehensive literature review aimed at clarifying the concept of suicidality as used in scientific literature on suicide.

Method

A thorough literature review was carried out, utilizing databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information Psychology Electronic Periodicals, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature. The search was based on the keywords “suicidality” and “suicide.”

Results

Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 27 sources were included in the analytical corpus, encompassing books, review articles, research articles, theses, and dissertations. The reviewed studies approached suicidality as encompassing suicidal tendency, suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation, previous and current suicide attempts. This finding underscores the existing gaps in understanding the concept of suicidality.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, it is suggested that suicidality be understood as an inherent attribute that can vary in intensity, manifesting in the absence of vitality and leading individuals to consider suicide as a potential option, even in the absence of actual suicidal behavior.

Keywords
Bioethics; Psychology; Suicidality; Suicide; Suicide prevention