Wood Quality of Young Teak in Different Planting Spaces

Amodei, Juliana Bernardo; Latorraca, João Vicente de Figueiredo; Santos, Glaycianne Christine Vieira dos; Martins, Bianca Cerqueira

doi:10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2021-0026

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Forest Products Science and Technology • Floresta Ambient. 28 (4) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2021-0026 copy

Wood Quality of Young Teak in Different Planting Spaces

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Wood quality is related to the characteristics and properties of this material. Understanding the factors that can impact the wood formation is fundamental in the indications for use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different planting densities on the wood quality and the radial profile on some physical and anatomical characteristics of young trees of Tectona grandis. Nine trees were evaluated in three planting densities: 6 x 2 m; 5 x 2 m; and 4 x 2 m. All trees were subjected to analysis of acoustic tomography, X-ray densitometry, and fiber characterization. Multivariate associations between the variables of interest were evaluated according to the planting spacing and the radial profile by principal component analysis. The results indicated that the wood characteristics of young teak trees are influenced, mainly, by the radial variation (pith-bark).

Keywords:
Impulse tomography; X-ray densitometry; Principal component analysis; Tectona grandis; Wood anatomy

Spacing	Tree	DBH (cm)	Speed of Acoustic Waves Propagation (m/s)			Apparent Density (g/cm³)
Spacing	Tree	DBH (cm)	Min	Average^(CV%)	Max	Min	Average^(CV%)	Max
4 x 2	1	13.81	1670	1900^(11.45)	2602	0.204	0.537^(14.19)	0.768
	2	13.85	1643	2262^(31.49)	4176	0.207	0.582^(16.44)	0.852
	3	15.15	1453	1823^(11.74)	2168	0.189	0.585^(14.84)	0.971
	General	14.27	1453	1995^(24.41)	4176	0.189	0.568^(15.69)	0.971
5 x 2	1	17.19	2061	2231^(9.40)	2690	0.231	0.599^(13.42)	0.876
	2	16.39	1453	1558^(2.64)	1640	0.241	0.544^(17.66)	0.903
	3	14.80	1651	2497^(19.40)	3377	0.277	0.539^(14.09)	0.802
	General	16.13	1453	2092^(23.85)	3377	0.231	0.562^(15.88)	0.903
6 x 2	1	21.65	1643	1971^(11.41)	2421	0.275	0.572^(15.32)	0.937
	2	21.33	1349	1609^(12.26)	2099	0.305	0.605^(14.41)	0.872
	3	21.96	1518	1725^(5.88)	1903	0.302	0.571^(15.70)	1.147
	General	21.63	1349	1767^(13.35)	2421	0.275	0.581^(15.40)	1.147

Spacing	Tree	Fiber Length (mm)			Fiber Wall Thickness (µm)
Spacing	Tree	Min	Average^(CV%)	Max	Min	Average^(CV%)	Max
4 x 2	1	0.749	0.908^(19.99)	1.139	3.706	4.461^(10.09)	4.906
	2	0.748	0.963^(17.89)	1.222	4.456	4.990^(7.14)	5.436
	3	0.725	0.976^(15.08)	1.156	4.147	4.868^(9.16)	5.337
	General	0.725	0.950^(16.82)	1.222	3.706	4.778^(9.58)	5.436
5 x 2	1	0.686	0.856^(18.92)	1.143	4.123	5.105^(13.02)	5.997
	2	0.752	0.914^(18.38)	1.187	4.123	4.806^(11.27)	5.635
	3	0.840	1.040^(15.95)	1.308	4.266	4.811^(10.37)	5.352
	General	0.686	0.932^(18.82)	1.308	4.123	4.912^(11.56)	5.997
6 x 2	1	0.846	1.071^(17.54)	1.372	3.449	4.494^(13.17)	5.144
	2	0.626	0.918^(18.49)	1.133	3.075	4.435^(18.51)	5.424
	3	0.850	1.074^(13.04)	1.350	3.413	4.856^(16.80)	5.860
	General	0.626	1.021^(17.23)	1.372	3.075	4.607^(16.43)	5.860

PC	Summary			Loadings
PC	ʎ	Variance (%)	Cumulative (%)	FL	FWT	aMPS	WD
1	1.78	44.56	44.56	0.58	0.61	- 0.25	0.48
2	1.15	28.69	73.25	0.31	0.36	0.76	- 0.44
3	0.70	17.45	90.70	- 0.47	0.13	0.53	0.69
4	0.37	9.30	100.00	0.59	- 0.69	0.28	0.31

PC	Summary			Loadings
PC	ʎ	Variance (%)	Cumulative (%)	FL	FWT	aMPS	WD
1	1.79	44.84	44.84	0.58	0.64	- 0.24	0.44
2	1.28	31.93	76.77	0.37	0.29	0.70	- 0.54
3	0.64	16.05	92.82	- 0.42	0.19	0.63	0.63
4	0.29	7.18	100.00	0.59	- 0.69	0.24	0.35

Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23897-000, Tel.: (21) 2682 0558 | (21) 3787-4033 - Seropédica - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: floram@ufrrj.br

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[1] CORRESPONDENCE TOJoão Vicente de Figueiredo Latorraca Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Florestas, Rod. BR 465, Km 07, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil. e-mail: latorraca@hotmail.com