Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Epigeal Termite Mounds in Pastures

Lima, Sandra Santana de; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio; Santos, Gilsonley Lopes dos; Pontes, Rafael de Moura; Diniz, Anderson Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.011016

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Original Article, Conservation of Nature • Floresta Ambient. 25 (1) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.011016 copy

Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Epigeal Termite Mounds in Pastures

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

We characterized soil physical and chemical properties and soil organic matter in epigeal termite mounds in pastures to evaluate the changes promoted by termites in comparison to an adjacent area. We selected seven active epigeal termite mounds in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soil samples were collected from top, center and base positions of each mound, at 0.50 and 1.50 m distance from the base of the mound. We identified individuals of the genus Embiratermes, Velocitermes, and Orthognathotermes. The humin fraction predominated over the humic and fulvic acid fractions both in mounds and adjacent soil. The amount of organic matter and the mineral fractions (mineral-associated organic carbon - MOC) varied among builder species. The studied chemical attributes point to a higher concentration of nutrients in the mounds than in the adjacent soil.

Keywords:
isoptera; humin fraction; nutrient cycling

Treatments	Clay	Total sand	Fine sand	Coarse sand	Silt	Texture class
Treatments	g kg^-1					Texture class
Depth 0.0-0.05 m
Top	362 a	354 b	174 c	180 bc	283 a	Clay-loam
Center	364 a	365 b	182 bc	181 bc	271 a	Clay-loam
Base	381 a	333 b	165 c	167 c	285 a	Clay-loam
50 cm	238 b	464 a	248 a	215 ab	297 a	Loam
150 cm	295ab	451 a	248 ab	225 a	252 a	Sandy-clay-loam
CV%	19.11	10.66	15.15	13.79	18.55
	Depth 0.05-0.10 m
Top	362 a	354 b	174 bc	180 b	281 a	Clay-loam
Center	364 a	364 b	182abc	181 b	271 a	Clay-loam
Base	381 a	332 b	165 c	167 b	285 a	Clay-loam
50 cm	275 b	478 a	217 ab	261 a	245 a	Sandy-clay-loam
150 cm	290 b	472 a	227 a	245 a	237 a	Sandy-clay-loam
CV%	10.8	10.66	13.88	14.83	14.21

Treatments	pH	Al⁺³	H+Al	Ca⁺²	Mg⁺²	K⁺	S Value	T Value	% Al	P
Treatments	pH	cmolc kg^-1								mg kg^-1
Depth 0.0-0.05 m
Top	5.5 a	0.2 c	10.22 ab	1.32 a	1.87 ab	0.03 ab	3.39 a	13.61 a	6.71 b	17.98 a
Center	5.2 ab	0.3 bc	11.49 a	1.32 a	2.21 a	0.03 ab	3.70 a	16.21 a	9.28 b	19.90 a
Base	4.8 b	0.9 ab	13.02 a	1.17 a	1.87 ab	0.04 a	3.19 a	15.20 a	26.14 ab	21.02 a
50 cm	4.9 ab	0.7 abc	6.75 b	0.68 ab	1.22 bc	0.02 bc	2.03 b	8.78 b	24.42 ab	5.06 b
150 cm	5.2 ab	1.0 a	6.52 b	0.45 b	1.07 c	0.01 c	1.62 b	8.15 b	38.71 a	2.96 b
CV%	8.14	60.43	25.86	41.68	27.67	39.67	24.84	22.33	56.17	30.91
Depth 0.05-0.10 m
Top	5.5 a	0.2 b	10.22 ab	1.33 a	1.87 ab	0.03 ab	3.18 a	13.60 a	6.71 b	17.97 a
Center	5.2 ab	0.3 b	11.49 a	1.33 a	2.21 a	0.04 a	3.70 a	15.20 a	9.28 b	19.90 a
Base	4.8 b	0.9 a	13.02 a	1.17 a	1.87 ab	0.04 a	3.18 a	16.21 a	26.14 a	21.03 a
50 cm	5.4 a	0.6 ab	6.66 b	0.72 ab	1.23 c	0.03 ab	2.06 b	8.73 b	21.71 ab	4.54 b
150 cm	5.3 ab	0.9 a	6.23 b	0.45 b	1.27 bc	0.01 b	1.85 b	8.08 b	33.43 a	2.41 b
CV%	7.03	53.63	26.2	42.37	22.47	46.82	23.2	22.69	49.61	32.15

Treatment	TOC		MOC
Treatment	g kg^-1
Depth 0.0-0.05 m
Top	20.56 a	24.99 a	28.17 ab
Center	21.08 a	27.82 a	33.29 a
Base	21.37 a	27.86 a	31.40 a
50 cm	18.72 a	18.12 a	20.02 bc
150 cm	18.19 a	14.67 a	19.06 c
CV%	18.19	47.21	20.62
Depth 0.05-0.10 m
Top	20.56 a	24.99 a	28.17 ab
Center	21.08 a	27.82 a	33.29 a
Base	21.37 a	27.86 a	31.40 a
50 cm	20.40 a	16.96 a	17.27 c
150 cm	17.46 a	15.92 a	18.85 bc
CV%	22.46	45.71	23.41

Treatment	C-FAF	C-HAF	C-HUM
Treatment	g kg^-1
Depth 0.0-0.05 m
Top	5.91 a	13.71 a	23.83 a
Center	4.34 a	10.88 a	23.33 a
Base	5.07 a	10.69 a	26.07 a
50 cm	2.27 b	3.30 b	12.97 b
150 cm	1.5 b	1.76 b	9.83 c
CV%	17.14	17.90	9.58
Depth 0.05-0.10 m
Top	5.91 a	13.71 a	23.83 a
Center	4.34 a	10.88 a	23.33 a
Base	5.07 a	10.69 a	26.07 a
50 cm	1.82 b	2.48 b	12.54 b
150 cm	1.45 b	2.08 b	7.91 b
CV%	14.37	16.30	10.41

Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23897-000, Tel.: (21) 2682 0558 | (21) 3787-4033 - Seropédica - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: floram@ufrrj.br

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[1] *Marcos Gervasio PereiraDepartamento de Solos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Rodovia BR 465, Km 7, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil e-mail: mgervasiopereira01@gmail.com