Association of <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Phomopsis</i> with Peroba Rosa Seeds

Mazarotto, Edson José; Pimentel, Ida Chapaval; Abreu, Daniela Cleide Azevedo de; Santos, Alvaro Figueredo dos

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.051517

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Original Article, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 26 (2) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.051517 copy

Association of Fusarium and Phomopsis with Peroba Rosa Seeds

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Peroba rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron) is a native forest species endangered due to intense predatory exploitation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association and fungi transmission in peroba rosa seeds from four regions of Paraná. Germination and vigor were evaluated using the paper roll method. Sanitary analysis consisted of the detection of endophytic and epiphytic fungi using potato-dextrose-agar medium and Fusarium selective medium. For transmission, non-disinfested seeds were sown in vermiculite and kept in greenhouse. Germination ranged from 9.3% to 60%. Fusarium sp. and Phomopsis sp. were found as epiphytic and also as endophytic. There was transmission of Fusarium sp. and Phomopsis sp. from seeds to seedlings, causing malformation and necrosis on roots and cotyledons.

Keywords:
seed pathology; native forest seeds; endophytic fungi

Lots	Region	Municipality	Weight of 1.000 seeds (g)
1	West	Capitão Leônidas Marques	70.3
11		Boa Vista da Aparecida	105.3
22		Corbélia	108.6
3	Southwest	Cruzeiro do Iguaçu	97.3
10		São Jorge do Oeste	89.5
7		Realeza	97.0
13		Nova Prata do Iguaçu	103.5
1M	South Central	Telêmaco Borba	79.7
8CM	Northwest	Terra Boa	81.3
9CM		Cianorte	83.5

Lots	G (%)	FGC (12 days)	GSI (seeds/day)	SL (mm)	RL (mm)
1	26 cd^ Means followed by the same letter in columns do not differ by the Tukey test at 1% probability.	3.3 cd**	5.1 bcd**	62.5 abc**	95.8 ab**
1M	56.6 a	10.5 a	11.6 a	65.7 ab	90.8 ab
3	60 a	6.3 bc	11.8 a	60.6 abc	111.9 ab
7	16.6 cd	1.8 d	3.16 cd	50.8 cd	87.3 b
8CM	50.6 ab	6.5 bc	10.2 a	57.8 abcd	92.9 ab
9CM	58 a	8.6 ab	11.7 a	66.8 a	95.8 ab
10	9.3 d	0.1 d	1.5 d	52.7 bcd	85.3 b
11	18 cd	0.3 d	2.9 cd	46.3 d	101.6 ab
13	34 bc	2.5 d	6.1 bc	58.9 abc	114.9 ab
22	48 ab	1 d	8.4 ab	54.8 abcd	120.5 a

Lots	PDA		FSM
Lots	Fusarium spp.	Phomopsis spp.	Fusarium spp.	Phomopsis spp.
1	2^ns	17 c**	1^ns	0 b^ Means followed by the same letter in columns do not differ by the Tukey test at 1% probability. ns = not significant.
1M	0	23 bc	1	0 b
3	6	57 ab	0	16 a
7	7	23 bc	0	13 ab
8CM	6	28 abc	0	4 ab
9CM	1	18 c	0	2 ab
10	2	48 abc	0	6 ab
11	2	65 a	0	3 ab
13	0	25 bc	0	0 b
22	0	12 c	0	1 ab

Lots	1	1M	3	7	8CM	9CM	10	11	13	22
Fusarium spp.	2 c^ Means followed by the same letter in rows do not differ by the Tukey test at 1% probability.	17 bc	7 bc	12 bc	52 a	29 ab	0 c	13 bc	11 bc	2 c
Phomopsis spp	0 b**	3 b	2 b	0 b	0 b	8 b	0 b	0 b	4 b	25 a

Lots	Seedlings without symptoms	Seedlings with symptoms	Non-germinated seeds
1	18	18	64
1M	58	8	34
3	64	12	24
7	14	10	76
8CM	44	12	44
9CM	60	8	32
10	33	3	64
11	37	6	57
13	43	4	53
22	64	9	27

Lots	1	1M	3	7	8CM	9CM	10	11	13	22
Fusarium spp.	56.25	55.88	100	100	100	84.37	98.43	94.73	100	59.25
Phomopsis spp.	0	2.94	4.16	5.26	2.27	0	0	0	0	18.51

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[1] Alvaro Figueredo dos SantosCentro Nacional de Pesquisas Florestais, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA, Estrada da Ribeira, Km 111, CEP 83411-000, Colombo, PR, Brasil e-mail: alvaro.santos@embrapa.br