Interaction of Substrates and Inoculants for <i>Samanea Saman</i> (Jacq.) Merr Seedling Production

Abaurre, Gustavo Wyse; Saggin Júnior, Orivaldo José; Faria, Sergio Miana de

doi:10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2021-0046

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 28 (4) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2021-0046 copy

Interaction of Substrates and Inoculants for Samanea Saman (Jacq.) Merr Seedling Production

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and substrates in the production of Samanea saman (rain tree) seedlings. Three substrates and three inoculation treatments were combined in a randomized block design with six repetitions. The Sewage Sludge substrate favored symbiosis with AMF (promoting twelve times more sporulation), while the Commercial substrate favored symbiosis with NFB (promoting 70% more nodulation). The Sewage Sludge substrate provided the best development of S. saman seedlings, as it promoted higher biomass compared to the Commercial and Standard substrates (14% and 150% respectively). The most significant response to inoculation occurred in the seedlings produced in the Standard substrate, in which the inoculated seedlings had higher biomass than those that received fertilization and those that received neither inoculation nor fertilization (20% and 50% respectively).

Keywords:
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Nitrogen-fixing bacteria; Biosolids; Root symbiosis; Rain tree

Substrate	pH (H₂O)	N_pot	P	K	Ca	Mg	H+Al	Al
Substrate	pH (H₂O)	mg L^-1			cmol_c dm^-3
Standard	7.4	98	81	729	3.2	1.8	1.3	0.0
Commercial	5.4	141	193	313	3.5	15.0	5.5	0.3
Sewage sludge	5.1	409	388	189	3.6	1.3	10.2	0.1

Variables	Substrates	Inoculation	Substrates * Inoculation
Root dry mass	0.0000	0.0000	0.0037
Shoot dry mass	0.0000	0.0000	0.0192
Seedling total dry mass	0.0000	0.0003	0.0137
Height	0.0000	0.0757	0.0000
Stem diameter	0.0000	0.4333	0.0000
Nodule dry mass	0.0000	0.0000	0.0004
Root colonization	0.8530	0.0000	0.9575
Spore density	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000

Substrates	Inoculation
Substrates	NFB and AMF			Positive Control			Absolute Control
	Shoot dry mass (g) CV(%) = 7.2
Sewage sludge	5.73	A	a	5.31	A	b	5.26	A	b
Commercial	5.05	B	a	4.84	B	a	4.70	B	a
Standard	2.83	C	a	2.04	C	b	1.68	C	C
	Root dry mass (g) CV(%) = 10.2
Sewage sludge	1.65	A	b	1.95	A	a	1.98	A	A
Commercial	1.41	B	b	1.73	B	a	1.40	B	B
Standard	0.70	C	b	0.89	C	a	0.63	C	B
	Seedling total dry mass (g) CV(%) = 7.1
Sewage sludge	7.38	A	a	7.25	A	a	7.24	A	A
Commercial	6.47	B	a	6.57	B	a	6.10	B	A
Standard	3.53	C	a	2.93	C	b	2.30	C	C

Substrates	Inoculation
Substrates	NFB and AMF			Positive Control			Absolute Control
	Height (cm) CV (%) = 4.0
Sewage sludge	35.2	A	c	39.1	A	a	37.4	A	b
Commercial	34.2	A	a	32.3	B	b	33.8	B	a
Standard	28.2	B	a	24.8	C	b	23.4	C	b
	Stem diameter (mm) CV (%) = 3.8
Sewage sludge	5.1	A	b	5.5	A	a	5.7	A	a
Commercial	5.0	A	a	5.1	B	a	4.9	B	a
Standard	4.1	B	a	3.7	C	b	3.7	C	b

Substrates	Inoculation
Substrates	NFB and AMF			Positive Control			Absolute Control
	Nodule dry mass (mg) CV (%) = 21.9
Sewage sludge	372	B	a	25	B	c	150	B	b
Commercial	656	A	a	243	A	b	584	A	a
Standard	380	B	a	64	B	c	170	B	b
	Root colonization (%) CV (%) = 130.0
Sewage sludge	10	A	a	0	A	b	0	A	b
Commercial	13	A	a	0	A	b	0	A	b
Standard	13	A	a	0	A	b	0	A	b
	Spore density CV (%) = 142.0
Sewage sludge	411	A	a	0	A	b	0	A	b
Commercial	22	B	a	0	A	b	0	A	b
Standard	33	B	a	0	A	b	0	A	b

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