Effect of Pilates method and conversation circles on the health of older adults

Health education practices associated with oriented exercises have potential beneficial effect on health promotion and prevention of chronic diseases.

Objective:

This study aimed to verify the effect of an intervention protocol using Pilates and conversation circles on the functional autonomy and quality of life of older adults in the context of the primary health care of Taió, SC, Brazil.

Methods:

This study applied a single case experimental design (ABAB), with 24 participants aged 60 years or older who changed phases with and without interventions performed with Pilates sessions and conversation circles. At the end of each phase, anamnesis interview applied with the WHOQOL-OLD inventory and the GDLAM protocol were individually performed.

Results:

Interventions were associated with increased functional parameters and quality of life as well as to reduced body mass index. Participants also reported improvement in emotional conditions, body harmony and global mobility.

Conclusion:

The Pilates Method assured increased functionality of the volunteers, and further studies should be carried out to evaluate the subjective indicators.

Keywords:
Quality of Life; Exercise Movement Techniques; Health Education; Public Health; Physical Therapy

Exercise	Objective	Variation/option	Time/number of repetitions
Slow and fluid movements / Stretches	Warm-up	Upper, lower limbs and trunk	10-15 min.
Hundred	Trunk	Flexed knees	10 series with 5 inspirations and 5 expirations
One Leg Circle	Lower limbs	Small Leg Circles	5 - 8 repetitions each leg
Push-Up	Upper limbs	Spacing training, knee flexion	5-8 repetitions
Side Kick	Trunk	Side-Lying Straight Leg Lifts	5 - 8 repetitions each side
Rolling Like a Ball	Static and dynamic balance	Hands behind thighs	8 - 10 repetitions
One Leg Kick	Lower limbs	Hamstring Curls	8 - 10 repetitions
Side Bend	Upper limbs	The Twist	5 - 8 repetitions each side
Swimming	Trunk	Modified Swimming	8 - 10 movements each side
Crab	Static and dynamic balance	The Seal	5 - 8 repetitions

Classification	Tests
Classification	C10m (sec)	LPS (sec)	LPDV (sec)	LCLC (sec)	GI (scores)
Weak	> 6.89	> 11.47	> 4.51	> 43	> 28.54
Regular	6.89 - 6.23	11.47 - 9.86	4.51 - 3.48	43 - 38.69	28.54 - 25.25
Good	6.22 - 5.58	9.85 - 8.35	3.47 - 2.78	38.68 - 34.78	25.24 - 22.18
Very Good	< 5.58	< 8.35	< 2.78	< 34.78	< 22.18

	Period / Evaluation (Mean ± SD)
Variables	Baseline “A”/First	Intervention “B”/Second	Baseline “A”/Third	Intervention “B”/Fourth	p
BMI (kg/m²)	27.29 ± 4.25	26.98 ± 3.95	27.21 ± 3.89	26.74 ± 3.92	< 0.001
C10m (sec)	7.11 ± 1.05	5.68 ± 1.08	6.43 ± 1.08	5.21 ± 1.10	< 0.001
LPS (sec)	12.73 ± 2.21	10.15 ± 2.16	11.29 ± 2.21	9.43 ± 1.66	< 0.001
LPDV (sec)	4.99 ± 1.39	3.67 ± 0.92	4.53 ± 1.41	3.76 ± 1.38	< 0.001
LCLC (sec)	47.92 ± 5.07	44.64 ± 5.39	47.49 ± 5.55	45.17 ± 5.28	< 0.001
G I (sec)	32.52 ± 3.90	27.88 ± 3.92	30.65 ± 4.05	27.31 ± 3.79	< 0.001

	Period / Evaluation (minimum; median; maximum)
Variables	Baseline “A”/ First	Intervention “B”/Second	Baseline “A”/ Third	Intervention “B”/Fourth	p
Sensory functioning ¹	6; 13; 19	7; 13; 19	7; 12; 18	8; 14; 19	< 0.001
Autonomy ¹	8; 15; 18	10; 15; 18	8; 12; 18	9; 14; 18	< 0.001
Past-present-future activities ¹	13; 15; 19	13; 15; 19	11; 14,5; 19	13; 14,5; 19	< 0.001
Social participation ¹	11; 15; 19	12; 15; 19	10; 13,5; 18	10; 14,5; 20	< 0.001
Death and dying ¹	4; 15,5; 20	6; 16; 20	4; 14,5 ; 20	6; 15; 20	< 0.006
Intimacy ¹	10; 16; 20	12; 16; 20	10; 14; 20	11; 15; 20	< 0.001
Health self-analysis ²	1; 2; 3	2; 3; 3	1; 2; 3	2; 3; 3	< 0.003
Emotional situation self-analysis ²	1; 2; 3	1; 3; 3	1; 2; 3	1; 3; 3	< 0.004
Body self-analysis ²	1; 2; 3	1; 3; 3	1; 2; 3	1; 2,5; 3	< 0.003
Overall motility self-analysis ²	1; 1; 3	1; 3; 3	1; 2; 3	1; 2,5; 3	< 0.001
Stress levels self-analysis ³	1; 2; 4	1; 3; 4	1; 3; 4	1; 2; 4	< 0.017

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E-mail: revista.fisioterapia@pucpr.br

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DSD: MS, e-mail: davi-fisio@hotmail.com CAS: PhD, e-mail: casousa@furb.br CRON: PhD, e-mail: cnunes@furb.br