Quality of life perception of people with motor disability: differences between wheelchair dependent and ambulatory patients

Chesani, Fabiola Hermes; Mezadri, Tatiana; Lacerda, Leo Lynce Valle de; Mandy, Anne; Nalin, Francielly

doi:10.1590/1809-2950/17018525042018

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH • Fisioter. Pesqui. 25 (4) • Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/17018525042018 copy

Quality of life perception of people with motor disability: differences between wheelchair dependent and ambulatory patients

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The routine of people with physical disabilities includes the use of different assistive technology resources that can aid in their physical and intellectual development, which directly affects their quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the life quality perception of Wheelchair users and non-Wheelchair users living in the municipality of Itajaí, in the state of Santa Catarina. This is a cross-sectional study with exploratory and quantitative analysis. The sample consisted of 163 participants, of whom 91 were wheelchair users and 72 were non-wheelchair users. Participants responded to a structured questionnaire with socioeconomic and health information and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, WHOQOL_bref, to measure quality of life. In the evaluation of the physical and psychological domains, no significant differences were observed between the two groups. Therefore, in these two areas, the perception of quality of life was not affected by the use of wheelchair. However, by examining the social relations and environment domain the perception of quality of life was significantly lower for wheelchair users with paresis, regarding the plegias and amputation.

Keywords
Quality of Life; Disabled Persons; Biomedical Technology; Wheelchairs

Variable		Wheelchair user				Total
		No		Yes		Total
		n=91	%	n=72	%	n=163	%
Gender
	Female	41	45.1	40	55.6	81	49.7
	Male	50	54.9	32	44.4	82	50.3
Age group
	Teenager	5	5.5	2	4.4	7	4.3
	Adult	44	48.4	45	62.5	89	54.6
	Elderly	42	46.2	25	34.7	67	41.1
Schooling levels*
	Illiterate	8	9.6	6	9.8	14	9.7
	Elementary	41	49.4	22	36.1	63	43.8
	High School	24	28.9	25	41.0	49	34.0
	Higher Education	10	12.0	8	13.1	18	12.5
Income (minimum wage)
	Up to 2	51	56.0	47	65.3	98	60.1
	From 2 to 4	31	34.1	19	26.4	50	30.7
	More than 4	9	9.9	6	8.3	15	9.2
Physical disability
	Plegia	43	47.3	51	70.8	94	57.7
	Paresis	30	33.0	13	18.1	43	26.4
	Amputation	18	19.8	8	11.1	26	16.0

Domain		Physical			Psychological			Social relationships			Environment
Wheelchair user		No	Yes	p*	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p
Gender
	Female	61.6	57.9	0.4241	62.8	63.1	0.9887	61.6	57.9	0.8598	63.3	56.7	0.2400
	Female	(55.9-67.2)	(52.2-63.6)		(58.5-67.1)	(58.8-67.4)		(55.9-67.2)	(52.2-63.6)		(59.0-67.7)	(52.3-61.2)
	Male	64.3	59.6		62.6	63.0		64.3	59.6		62.2	58.9
	Male	(59.2-69.5)	(53.2-66.0)		(58.7-66.5)	(58.2-67.9)		(59.2-69.5)	(53.2-66.0)		(56.2-64.2)	(53.9-63.9)
Age group
	Teenager	67.9	62.5	0.7238	75.8	60.4	0.1251	68.3	75.0	0.5507	64.4	54.7	0.8769
	Teenager	(57.5-78.2)	(46.1-78.9)		(64.6-87.1)	(42.6-78.2)		(52.3-84.4)	(49.7-100.3)		(51.9-76.9)	(34.9-74.5)
	Adult	58.7	57.1		65.4	68.0		66.5	59.3		64.1	59.3
	Adult	(55.2-62.2)	(53.7-60.6)		(61.6-69.2)	(64.2-71.7)		(61.1-71.9)	(53.9-64.6)		(59.9-68.3)	(55.1-63.5)
	Elderly	52.6	48.1		58.2	54.5		58.9	56.3		58.6	55.0
	Elderly	(49.1-56.2)	(43.5-52.8)		(54.3-62.1)	(49.5-59.5)		(53.4-64.5)	(49.2-63.5)		(54.3-62.9)	(49.4-60.6)
Schooling levels
	Illiterate	57.6	50.0	0.5205	63.0	57.6	0.8907	64.6	56.9	0.6388	66.0	55.2	0.4677
	Illiterate	(49.4-65.7)	(40.6-59.4)		(53.6-72.4)	(46.8-68.5)		(51.4-77.8)	(41.7-72.2)		(56.0-76.0)	(43.7-66.7)
	Elementary	54.5	54.4		63.7	64.2		64.6	55.7		62.6	60.2
	Elementary	(50.9-58.1)	(49.5-59.3)		(59.6-67.9)	(58.6-69.9)		(58.8-70.5)	(47.7-63.7)		(58.2-67.0)	(54.2-66.2)
	High School	58.6	57.0		63.5	z61.5		59.4	59.7		60.2	58.4
	High School	(53.9-63.3)	(52.4-61.6)		(58.1-69.0)	(56.2-66.8)		(51.7-67.0)	(52.2-67.1)		(54.4-65.9)	(52.7-64.0)
	Higher Education	59.3	51.3		62.5	60.4		63.3	56.3		64.1	52.3
	Higher Education	(52.0-66.6)	(43.2-59.5)		(54.1-70.9)	(51.0-69.8)		(51.5-75.2)	(43.0-69.5)		(55.1-73.0)	(42.4-62.3)
Income (minimum wage)
	Up to 2	54.5	53.3	0.8443	59.6	59.8	0.5499	60.5	57.3	0.6299	60.9	56.6	0.9546
	Up to 2	(51.1-57.9)	(49.7-56.8)		(56.0-63.3)	(55.9-63.6)		(55.4-65.5)	(52.0-62.5)		(56.9-64.9)	(52.5-60.8)
	2 to 4	58.5	56.2		66.9	68.0		65.9	58.3		63.0	60.2
	2 to 4	(54.1-62.9)	(50.6-61.8)		(62.2-71.7)	(62.0-74.0)		(59.4-72.3)	(50.1-66.6)		(57.9-68.1)	(53.7-66.7)
	More than 4	59.9	54.8		65.3	73.6		68.5	70.8		60.8	57.8
	More than 4	(51.8-68.1)	(44.8-64.7)		(56.5-74.0)	(62.9-84.3)		(56.6-80.5)	(56.2-85.5)		(51.3-70.2)	(46.3-69.4)
Physical Disability
	Plegia	56.4	56.2	0.1964	61.2	65.1	0.2002	61.4a	61.1a	0.0036	60.8	58.6	0.2422
	Plegia	(52.8-60.0)	(52.8-59.5)		(58.0-66.2)	(61.4-68.8)		(56.2-66.7)	(56.3-65.9)		(56.7-65.0)	(54.8-62.5)
	Paresis	53.9	45.3		60.0	55.1		60.8a	42.9b		59.6	48.8
	Paresis	(49.6-58.3)	(38.7-51.9)		(55.1-64.9)	(47.7-62.5)		(54.5-67.1)	(33.4-52.5)		(54.6-64.6)	(41.2-56.4)
	Amputation	60.5	55.8		68.5	63.0		70.8a	68.8a		66.8	66.0
	Amputation	(54.9-66.1)	(47.4-64.2)		(62.2-74.8)	(53.6-72.4)		(62.7-79.0)	(56.5-81.0)		(60.4-73.3)	(56.3-75.7)

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[1] Corresponding address: Fabiola Hermes Chesani - Rua Uruguai, 458, Bloco F6, Sala 311, Centro, Itajaí (SC) - Zip Code 88302-202 - E-mail: fabiola.chesani@univali.br