Cisplatin |
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Non-small cell lung cancer |
ESCC KYSE, A549, H460, H226, PC9, PC14, H1299 |
CMA activity contributes to cisplatin resistance. |
shRNA, siRNA |
Karagounis et al. (2016Karagounis IV, Kalamida D, Mitrakas A, Pouliliou S, Liousia MV, Giatromanolaki A and Koukourakis MI (2016) Repression of the autophagic response sensitises lung cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 115:312-321. ) Ichikawa et al. (2020Ichikawa A, Fujita Y, Hosaka Y, Kadota T, Ito A, Yagishita S, Watanabe N, Fujimoto S, Kawamoto H, Saito N et al. (2020) Chaperone-mediated autophagy receptor modulates tumor growth and chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 111:4154-4165.) Cao et al. (2021Cao D, Shan D, Yan W, Zhang Z, Song Q, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Wang Y et al. (2021) Chaperone-mediated autophagy affects tumor cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 12:1048-1057. ) |
Doxorubicin |
Breast cancer Lung cancer Liver cancer |
MCF-7, T47D, A549, H1299, Hep3B, Mahlavu, J7 |
CMA activity leads to doxorubicin resistance. |
siRNA, shRNA, gene overexpression, pharmacological inhibition |
Saha (2012Saha T (2012) LAMP2A overexpression in breast tumors promotes cancer cell survival via chaperone-mediated autophagy. Autophagy 8:1643-1656. ) Karagounis et al. (2016Karagounis IV, Kalamida D, Mitrakas A, Pouliliou S, Liousia MV, Giatromanolaki A and Koukourakis MI (2016) Repression of the autophagic response sensitises lung cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 115:312-321. ) Huang et al. (2020Huang PS, Lin YH, Chi HC, Tseng YH, Chen CY, Lin TK, Yeh CT and Lin KH (2020) Dysregulated FAM215A stimulates LAMP2 expression to confer drug-resistant and malignant in human liver cancer. Cells 9:961. ) |
Temozolomide |
Glioblastoma |
U251, U87, T98G |
CMA activity contributes to sensitivity to temozolomide through HIF-1α upregulation. |
siRNA |
Goda et al. (2003Goda N, Ryan HE, Khadivi B, McNulty W, Rickert RC and Johnson RS (2003) Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α is essential for cell cycle arrest during hypoxia. Mol Cell Biol 23:359-369.) Lo Dico et al. (2019Lo Dico A, Salvatore D, Martelli C, Ronchi D, Diceglie C, Lucignani G and Ottobrini L (2019) Intracellular redox-balance involvement in temozolomide resistance-related molecular mechanisms in glioblastoma. Cells 8:1315. ) |
5-fluorouracil |
Colorectal cancer |
HCT-116, DLD-1 |
Increased CMA activity contributes to the activation of the NF-kB pathway and the expression of PDL-2, contributing to 5-FU resistance. |
shRNA, gene overexpression |
Xuan et al. (2021Xuan Y, Zhao S, Xiao X, Xiang L and Zheng HC (2021) Inhibition of chaperonemediated autophagy reduces tumor growth and metastasis and promotes drug sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 23:360. ) |
Radiotherapy |
Hepatocellular carcinoma Prostate cancer Lung cancer |
SMMC7721, HepG2, Hep3B, DU145, PC3, A549, H1299 |
Intensified autophagic flux, marked by CMA, favors irradiation-generated stress control and consequent radiotherapy resistance. |
shRNA, siRNA |
Koukourakis et al. (2015Koukourakis MI, Kalamida D, Mitrakas A, Pouliliou S, Kalamida S, Sivridis E and Giatromanolaki A (2015) Intensified autophagy compromises the efficacy of radiotherapy against prostate cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 461:268-274.) Karagounis et al. (2016Karagounis IV, Kalamida D, Mitrakas A, Pouliliou S, Liousia MV, Giatromanolaki A and Koukourakis MI (2016) Repression of the autophagic response sensitises lung cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 115:312-321. ) Wu et al. (2017Wu JH, Guo JP, Shi J, Wang H, Li LL, Guo B, Liu DX, Cao Q and Yuan ZY (2017) CMA down-regulates p53 expression through degradation of HMGB1 protein to inhibit irradiation-triggered apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 23:2308-2317. ) |
Photodynamic therapy |
Human cervical carcinoma Rat bladder carcinoma |
HeLa, AY27, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) |
CMA promotes resistance to PDT treatment by protecting cells from ROS-induced injuty. |
siRNA |
Dewaele et al. (2011Dewaele M, Martinet W, Rubio N, Verfaillie T, de Witte PA, Piette J and Agostinis P (2011) Autophagy pathways activated in response to PDT contribute to cell resistance against ROS damage. J Cell Mol Med 15:1402-1414.) |