Chromosomal characterization of cultured populations of Chilean coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kistuch)

Chromosomal characterization of coho salmon samples from three fish farms in southern Chile (Polcura, Castro and Coyhaique) was carried out in order to compare their chromosome constitutions. All populations had a 2n = 60; however, Polcura and Coyhaique had a different chromosome arm number (NF = 110; 40m + 10sm + 10st/t) than Castro (NF = 108; 40m + 8sm + 12st/t). Variation in NF was due to chromosome pair 25, which was submetacentric in Coyhaique and Polcura, but subtelocentric in Castro. In all karyotypes, a large submetacentric chromosome pair exhibited an interstitial secondary constriction in the short arm. The observed variability in chromosome arm number agrees with previous reports for O. kisutch, and in this particular case it seemed to be caused by a pericentric inversion of pair 25. Cultured populations of Chilean coho salmon are, therefore, likely to be cytogenetically variable.

Authorship

Nelson Colihueque V.

Universidad de LosUniversidad de LosUniversidad de Los, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Osorno, ChileUniversidad de LosUniversidad de LosUniversidad de LosChileOsorno, ChileUniversidad de LosUniversidad de LosUniversidad de Los, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Osorno, Chile

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (2)
Tables (2)

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Figure 1
- Karyo-ideogram of cultured coho salmon populations (Coyhaique, Castro and Polcura) from Chile. Relative lengths of short chromosome arms (SA) and long chromosome arms (LA) of each chromosome pairs are shown in the abscissa and ordinate, respectively. Diagonal lines separate the chromosome morphologies in metacentrics (m), submetacentrics (sm), subtelocentrics (st) and telocentrics (t). Dotted lines show the same chromosome pairs of studied populations (the number identifies each pair) that are easily distinguished from the rest of the chromosome pairs in the karyotype, except pairs 3 to 16 in metacentrics (asterisk). Arrows show the different morphology of pair 25 in Castro (st) with regard to Coyhaique and Polcura (sm). SC indicates the chromosome pair that exhibits the secondary constriction in the karyotype.

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Figure 2
- Representative karyotypes of coho salmon populations from Chile. Karyotypes of Coyhaique with 2n = 60 (NF = 110) and Castro with 2n = 60 (NF = 108) are shown in a and b, respectively. Morphology of chromosome pairs is indicated at bottom right of each karyotype. SC indicates the chromosome pair that exhibits secondary constriction. Bar represents 10 mm.

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Table I
- Chromosomal counts in coho salmon populations from Chile.

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Table II
- Mean values of karyological parameters in coho salmon populations from Chile.

Figure 1 - Karyo-ideogram of cultured coho salmon populations (Coyhaique, Castro and Polcura) from Chile. Relative lengths of short chromosome arms (SA) and long chromosome arms (LA) of each chromosome pairs are shown in the abscissa and ordinate, respectively. Diagonal lines separate the chromosome morphologies in metacentrics (m), submetacentrics (sm), subtelocentrics (st) and telocentrics (t). Dotted lines show the same chromosome pairs of studied populations (the number identifies each pair) that are easily distinguished from the rest of the chromosome pairs in the karyotype, except pairs 3 to 16 in metacentrics (asterisk). Arrows show the different morphology of pair 25 in Castro (st) with regard to Coyhaique and Polcura (sm). SC indicates the chromosome pair that exhibits the secondary constriction in the karyotype.

Figure 2 - Representative karyotypes of coho salmon populations from Chile. Karyotypes of Coyhaique with 2n = 60 (NF = 110) and Castro with 2n = 60 (NF = 108) are shown in a and b, respectively. Morphology of chromosome pairs is indicated at bottom right of each karyotype. SC indicates the chromosome pair that exhibits secondary constriction. Bar represents 10 mm.

Table I - Chromosomal counts in coho salmon populations from Chile.

Population/ Fish	Chromosome number																		No. of cells observed
Population/ Fish	Sex	<55	55	56	57	58	59	60	61	62	>62	<86	86	87	88	89	90	>90	No. of cells observed
Polcura (1)
36-11	?							2											2
36-12	?						1	1											2
36-21	?	1				5		1											7
36-51	?	2	1	1	4	1	1	2											12
36-61	?							2											2
36-71	?	7				1	1	1	1										7
36-72	?					1	1	1		1									4
36-81	?				1	3	1	4	1										10
36-101	?	1	2		1		2	1		1									8
36-121	?	1			2	1	2	1	1										8
36-122	?							1	1										2
36-131	?	1			2	2	1	2	1	1									10
36-141	?	1				1		4											6
36-151	?		1	1				2											4
36-161	?	2	2	1	3		1	1											10
36-172	?											4	3						7
100	F (2)	1	1		3	2	1	2											10
107	F	1				2	1	1											5
Total		14	7	3	16	19	13	29	5	3		4	3
Castro
19	F	1		1		2		3											7
21	F	1				1		3											5
42	?						1	3											4
46	?	3			1		1	2											7
124	M (3)			1	1	3	3	8	2	1									19
Total		5		2	2	6	5	19	2	1
Coyhaique
1	F	5				1	1	3	1										11
2	M					1	1	2	1										5
109	?					2	1	3											6
110	M											5		1	1	4	1		12
111	F				2		5	6		1									14
112	M	1	1	1		1	2	4											10
113	M	2	1		4	1	3	5	1										17
114	M	2				2	2	4			1								11
115	M				2		1	1	1										5
118	F	1				2	1	2	1										7
Total		11	2	1	8	10	17	30	5	1	1	5		1	1	4	1

Table II - Mean values of karyological parameters in coho salmon populations from Chile.

Chromosome pairs	Population
	Polcura			Castro			Coyhaique
	RL%(1)	CI ±SD(2)	Types	RL%	CI ±SD	Types	RL%	CI ±SD	Types
1	5.06	46.90 ± 1.63	m(3)	5.12	47.48 ± 0.72	m	5.48	43.44 ± 3.27	m
2	4.76	45.05 ± 0.25 NS	m	4.69	47.18 ± 0.74 a	m	4.79	43.07 ± 0.96b	m
3	4.37	45.41 ± 0.35	m	4.57	44.67 ± 2.43	m	4.68	45.32 ± 0.97	m
4	4.32	45.55 ± 1.26	m	4.45	44.21 ± 1.85	m	4.53	45.84 ± 2.37	m
5	4.21	46.45 ± 1.11	m	4.28	45.41 ± 0.65	m	4.42	47.38 ± 1.38	m
6	4.11	47.98 ± 0.62	m	4.19	46.60 ± 1.87	m	4.28	45.29 ± 2.35	m
7	4.06	46.48 ± 1.72	m	4.10	46.94 ± 1.82	m	4.19	46.80 ± 1.39	m
8	3.99	46.28 ± 1.22	m	4.00	45.87 ± 1.01	m	4.06	45.88 ± 2.12	m
9	3.93	45.79 ± 2.80	m	3.92	43.71 ± 3.46	m	3.95	45.94 ± 2.78	m
10	3.87	42.35 ± 3.18	m	3.86	44.87 ± 2.00	m	3.84	45.92 ± 2.96	m
11	3.82	45.22 ± 4.43	m	3.79	46.38 ± 1.51	m	3.76	44.25 ± 3.37	m
12	3.77	44.53 ± 3.34	m	3.74	47.23 ± 1.22	m	3.65	43.68 ± 2.31	m
13	3.70	45.93 ± 0.54	m	3.67	47.03 ± 0.99	m	3.55	45.84 ± 1.61	m
14	3.57	45.46 ± 2.47	m	3.55	45.15 ± 0.86	m	3.47	45.23 ± 1.54	m
15	3.47	45.94 ± 1.42	m	3.43	45.44 ± 2.97	m	3.36	46.22 ± 2.36	m
16	3.38	43.43 ± 1.71	m	3.31	46.04 ± 1.31	m	3.24	45.91 ± 1.77	m
17	3.31	44.65 ± 1.99	m	3.17	45.16 ± 3.53	m	3.11	44.54 ± 1.17	m
18	3.13	45.83 ± 0.36	m	3.07	45.80 ± 2.37	m	2.97	45.56 ± 3.34	m
19	2.86	41.70 ± 1.13	m	2.77	44.50 ± 1.67	m	2.76	44.52 ± 2.40	m
20	2.36	41.19 ± 3.37	m	2.35	46.39 ± 2.48	m	2.33	42.03 ± 2.95	m
21	4.03	33.43 ± 2.42	sm(4)	3.77	35.03 ± 1.22	sm	3.79	36.13 ± 1.68	sm
22	2.92	34.40 ± 4.66	sm	2.81	29.21 ± 4.51	sm	2.88	33.10 ± 1.97	sm
23	2.36	30.46 ± 2.19	sm	2.40	29.47 ± 1.98	sm	2.32	30.32 ± 0.98	sm
24	2.15	28.87 ± 0.93	sm	2.03	31.13 ± 3.54	sm	2.08	29.65 ± 1.75	sm
25	1.96	29.82 ± 1.26a	sm	2.69	16.79 ± 5.97 b	st	1.83	30.06 ± 1.13 a	sm
26	2.32	21.28 ± 1.21	st(5)	2.31	14.07 ± 8.51	st	2.61	20.28 ± 3.40	st
27	2.07	19.70 ± 3.91	st	2.17	13.36 ± 7.97	st	2.19	22.82 ± 2.71	st
28	2.30	9.54 ± 7.58	t(6)	2.06	11.99 ± 7.25	t	1.96	20.59 ± 1.53	st
29	2.01	7.54 ± 10.66	t	1.93	15.04 ± 8.88	st	1.98	11.69 ± 10.93	t
30	1.84	7.70 ± 8.44	t	1.65	7.08 ± 8.44	t	1.80	8.60 ± 10.56	t

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Chromosomal characterization of cultured populations of Chilean coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kistuch)

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