Figure 1 -
Viability rate of glial cells in NC, DT, DO and DI group. (A) Viability rate of glial cells. (B) Expression of RAPGEF3 in NC, DO and DI group of glial cells without treatment of dezocine. (C) Expression of RAPGEF3 in SH, TO and TI group of rats model without treatment of dezocine. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs NC group of cells or SH group of rats. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 2 -
Detection of memory function using MWM. (A) The escape latency of rats in each group in a continuous 5 days. (B) The average number of crossing platform of rats in each group. (C) The time in target quadrant of rats in each group. Data was presented as mean ± SD. Each experiment was repeated for three times independently. *P<0.05 compared with SH group. #P<0.05 compared with TD group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 3 -
Detection of pro-inflammatory factors in glial cells. (A) Expression of IL-1b mRNA in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. (B) Expression of IL-6 mRNA in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. (C) Expression of TNF-A in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. (D) Expression of PTGS2 in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs NC group of cells. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 4 -
Detection of pro-inflammatory factors in brain tissues of rats. (A) Expression of IL-1b mRNA in SH, TD, TO and TI group of rats. (B) Expression of IL-6 mRNA in SH, TD, TO and TI group of rats. (C) Expression of TNF-A mRNA in SH, TD, TO and TI group of rats. (D) Expression of PTGS2 mRNA in SH, TD, TO and TI group of rats. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs SH group of rats. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 5 -
Detection of neuron protective factors in glial cells. (A) Western blotting analysis of SOCS3, GRK2, PDE4B, PCACP and PKC in glial cells. (B-F) Quantitative analysis of each target protein. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs NC group of cells. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 6 -
Detection of neuron protective factors in brain tissue of rats. (A) Western blotting analysis of SOCS3, GRK2, PDE4B, PCACP and PKC in glial cells. (B-F) Quantitative analysis of each target protein. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs SH group of rats. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 7 -
Activation of Ras/Raf/MAPK in glial cells. (A) Western blotting analysis of RAPGEF3, p-38 MAPK, Ras, Raf and PKC in glial cells. (B-F) Quantitative analysis of each target protein. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs NC group of cells. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 8 -
Activation of Ras/Raf/MAPK in brain tissue of rats. (A) Western blotting analysis of RAPGEF3, p-38 MAPK, Ras, Raf and PKC in glial cells. (B-F) Quantitative analysis of each target protein. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs SH group of rats. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 9 -
Concentration of pro-inflammatory factor in cultured medium of glial cells. (A) Concentration of IL-1β mRNA in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. (B) Concentration of IL-6 mRNA in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. (C) Concentration of TNF-α in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. (D) Concentration of COX-2 in NC, DT, DO and DI group of glial cells. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs NC group of cells. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.
Figure 10 -
Concentration of pro-inflammatory factor in serum samples of rats. (A) Concentration of IL-1β mRNA in NC, DT, DO and DI group of rats. (B) Concentration of IL-6 mRNA in NC, DT, DO and DI group of rats. (C) Concentration of TNF-α in NC, DT, DO and DI group of rats. (D) Concentration of COX-2 in NC, DT, DO and DI group of rats. Data was presented as mean ± SD, each experiment was repeated for three times. *P<0.05 vs SH group of rats. #P<0.05 vs signal dezocine treatment group. NC: normal group, DT: dezocine treatment group, DO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, DI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group. SH: sham group, TD: dezocine treatment group, TO: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 overexpression group, TI: dezocine treatment combined with RAPGEF3 inhibition group.