Inactivated virus |
CoronaVac |
Sinovac Biotech |
China |
i.m. |
The SARS-CoV-2 virus inactivation + adjuvant. |
Inactivated vaccines used throughout the world with a generally excellent safety profile. Straightforward process; favorable safety and tolerability profile |
Ph III |
NCT04456595 NCT04582344 |
BBIBP-CorV |
Sinopharm/Beijing Institute |
China |
i.m. |
Ph III |
ChiCTR2000034780 |
Unnamed |
Sinopharm/Wuhan Institute |
China |
i.m. |
Ph III |
ChiCTR2000034780 |
BBV152 |
Bharat Biotech |
India |
i.m. |
Ph III |
CTRI/2020/11/028976 |
Unnamed (Yunnan) |
Chinese Acad. Of Medical Sciences |
China |
i.m. |
Ph I/II |
NCT04470609 |
QazCovid-in |
Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems |
Kazakhstan |
i.m. |
Ph I/II |
NCT04530357 |
Unnamed |
Beijing Minhai Biotech Co Ltd |
China |
i.m. |
Ph I/II |
ChiCTR2000039462 |
Non-replicating viral vector (Adenovirus and MVA) |
AZD1222 |
Oxford/Astra Zeneca |
UK |
i.m. |
Different Adenovirus expr. S glycoprotein ChAdOx1 (Chimp - Oxford), Ad5 (CanSino), Ad26 (J&J), RD-Ad5 (Altimune) |
In general, safe and well tolerated; concerns for immunocompromised individuals. Vector used in gene therapy & vaccination. Ad5 and Ad26 - high titer stable stocks. Ad26 - low preexisting antibodies to the vector. |
Ph III |
ISRCTN89951424 |
Ad5-nCov |
CanSino Biological |
China |
i.m./ mucosal |
Ph III Ph I |
NCT04526990 NCT04552366 |
Gam-COVID-Vac |
Gamaleya Research Institute |
Russia |
i.m. |
Ph III |
NCT04530396 |
Ad26.COV2-S |
Janssen Pharmaceutical |
USA |
i.m. |
Ph III |
NCT04505722 |
GRAd-COV2 |
Pasteur/Thera/LEUKOCARE |
Italy |
i.m. 1-dose |
Ph I |
NCT04528641 |
hAd5-S-Fusion+N-ETSD |
ImmunityBio & NantKwest |
USA |
s.c. |
Ph I |
NCT04591717 |
VXA-CoV2-1 |
Vaxart |
USA |
oral |
Ph I |
NCT04563702 |
MVA-SARS-2-S |
Ludwig-Maximilians/Univ. of Munich |
Germany |
i.m. |
Attenuated poxvirus expressing Spike |
Safety attested by its use as against smallpox. High immunogenicity including in the lungs. |
Ph I |
NCT04569383 |
Replicating viral vector |
DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1 |
Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy/Xiamen Univ. |
China |
i.n. |
Flu-based vaccine expressing RBD |
In general, safe and well tolerated |
Ph II |
ChiCTR2000039715 |
rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S |
Israel Institute for Biological Research |
Israel |
i.m. |
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) expressing Spike |
Severely attenuated. No prior immunity. High protein expression |
Ph I/II |
NCT04608305 |
V590 |
Merck Sharp & Dohme/IAVI |
USA |
i.m. |
Ph I |
NCT04569786 |
TMV-083 |
Institut Pasteur/ Themis Bioscience |
France |
i.m. |
Live-attenuated measles vaccine expr. Spike |
In general, safe and well tolerated. Vector tested in chikungunya vaccine |
Ph I |
NCT04497298 |
DNA |
INO-4800 |
Inovio Pharmaceuticals |
USA |
i.d. electro |
Plasmid/Spike electroporation |
Favorable safety and tolerability profile. No DNA vaccines currently in use in humans. Fast design/manufacturing; no cold chain for storage/distribution. |
Ph I/II |
NCT04336410 NCT04447781 |
AG0301-COVID19 |
Osaka Univ./ AnGes/Takara Bio |
Japan |
i.m. |
Plasmid/ Spike |
Ph I/II |
NCT04463472 NCT04527081 |
ZyCoV-D |
Cadila Healthcare Limited |
India |
i.d. |
Plasmid/ M protein |
Ph I/II |
CTRI/2020/07/026352 |
GX-19 |
Genexine Consortium |
South Korea |
i.m. |
Plasmid/Spike |
Ph I/II |
NCT04445389 |
bacTRL-Spike |
Symvivo |
Canada |
oral |
Plasmid/ Trim. Spike in Bifidobacterium |
Ph I |
NCT04334980 |
Protein subunit |
NVX-CoV2373 |
Novavax |
USA/ Australia |
i.m.d |
Spike in nanoparticle and Matrix M adjuvant |
Platforms showed safety in several clinical trials for influenza and RSV. Well-established combination w/ adjuvants Fast design/production processes |
Ph III |
NCT04611802 |
RBD-Sc dimer |
Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical |
China |
i.m.d |
RBDs in fusion |
Ph II |
NCT04466085 |
KBP-201 |
Kentucky Bioprocessing |
- |
i.m. |
RBD-based |
Ph I/I |
NCT04473690 |
Unnamed |
Sanofi Pasteur / GSK |
USA |
i.m. |
Spike protein |
Ph I/I |
NCT04537208 |
BECOV |
Biological E Ltd |
India |
i.m. |
RBD + adjuvant |
Ph I/I |
CTRI/2020/11/029032 |
SCB-2019 |
Clover Biopharm/GSK/ Dynavax |
China |
i.m.d |
Trim. rSpike |
Ph I |
NCT04405908 |
Covax-19 |
GeneCure Biotechnologies/ Vaxine/ Medytox |
USA/ Australia |
i.m. |
rSpike with Advax™ adjuvant (polysaccharide) |
Ph I |
NCT04428073 NCT04453852 |
Unnamed |
Univ. Queensland/ CSL/ Seqirus |
Australia |
i.m. |
Molecular clamp of viral antigens |
Ph I |
ACTRN12620000674932 NCT04495933 |
MVC-COV1901 |
Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation/NIAID/Dynavax |
Taiwan |
i.m. |
S-2P protein + CpG 1018 |
Ph I |
NCT04487210 |
FINLAY-FR-2 |
Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, Cuba |
Cuba |
i.m. |
RBD conjugated to tetanus toxoid |
Ph I |
IFV/COR/06 |
FINLAY-FR-1 |
Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, Cuba |
Cuba |
i.m. |
RBD + adjuvant |
Ph I |
IFV/COR/04 IFV/COR/05 |
EpiVacCorona |
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo |
Russia |
i.m. |
Peptide |
Ph I |
NCT04527575 |
Unnamed |
West China Hospital |
China |
i.m. |
RBD + Alum |
Ph I |
ChiCTR2000037518 |
CoVac-1 |
University Hospital Tubingen |
Germany |
s.c. |
SARS-CoV-2 HLA-DR peptides |
Ph I |
NCT04546841 |
UB-612 |
COVAXX / United Biomedical Inc. Asia |
Taiwan |
i.m. |
Spike-RBD multiepitope |
Ph I |
NCT04545749 |
VLP |
RBD SARS-CoV-2 HBsAg VLP |
SpyBiotech/Serum Institute of India |
UK/India/ Australia |
i.m. |
HBsAg VLPs containing RBD |
Technology shown safe in Ph III trials for influenza vaccine. Stable, safe, preserves structure of viral particle |
Ph I/II |
ACTRN12620000817943 |
CoVLP |
Medicago/GSK |
Canada/USA |
i.m. |
VLP expr Spike w/ adjuvant. |
Ph I |
NCT04450004 |
Others |
AV-COVID-19 |
Aivita Biomedical |
USA |
s.c. |
Dendritic cells (DC) loaded w/ SARS-CoV-2 antigens |
Platform tested in several trials for cancer. DCs activate innate and adaptive immunity. |
Ph I/II |
NCT04386252 |
Covid-19/aAPC |
Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute |
China |
s.c. |
Artificial APC altered by lentivirus |
Cells inactivated for proliferation. Safety tested |
Ph I |
NCT04299724 |
AlloStim |
Immunovative Therapies/ Mirror Biologics, Inc |
USA |
i.d. |
Genetically attenuated SARS-CoV-2 |
Bioengineered live vaccines - generally an excellent safety and tolerability |
Ph I/II |
NCT04441047 |
Heterologous protection |
BCG Vaccine |
Royal Children's Hosp/ Baylor College of Med./ Harvard Univ./ Max Planck Inst./ Hosp. Univ. Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez |
UK/ USA/ Germany/ Brazil |
i.d. |
Live vaccines may confer non-specific effects, reducing morbidity and mortality from other infections |
Approved use for humans Known manufacture |
Ph IV |
NCT04327206 NCT04369794 NCT04439045 NCT04328441 NCT04384549 NCT04348370 NCT04461379 |
Polio Vaccine |
Bandim Health Project |
Republic of Guinea-Bissau |
oral |
Ph IV |
NCT04445428 |
MMR Vaccine |
Kasr El Aini Hospital, Louisiana State University |
USA/ Netherlands/ Egypt |
i.m. |
Ph IV |
NCT04357028 NCT04475081 EudraCT2020-002456-21 |